Fan Wenzheng, the public defender of Yizhou, took the lieutenant upstairs to buy wine in his spare time, but he didn't carry the coffin. He saw several people who managed funeral appliances. He asked in a hurry, but the scholar who lived in Yizhou died. His funeral was near him, and there was no coffin.
Note ① Yizhou: the name of Guzhou, located in present-day Shaanxi. ② Easy: wine glasses. 3 clothing: mourning, that is, wearing mourning. 4 management: preparation. ⑤ Literati living in residence: Literati living far away from their hometown. ⑤ Easy: Buried and mourned.
Cultural common sense
Posthumous title, the aforementioned Fan Wenzheng, was Fan Zhongyan, a statesman and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. After his death, the imperial court posthumous title was called "Zheng Wen", so later generations respectfully called him Fan Wenzheng. Another example is Bao Zheng in the Song Dynasty. After his death, posthumous title was "filial", so later people called him Bao Xiao Su. Yue Fei posthumous title is called "Wu Mu", so it is also called * * Mu; Xu Guangqi, posthumous title, was named "Wen Ding" in Ming Dynasty, so it was also called Xu Wending. Posthumous title in Ji Yun in Qing Dynasty was called Wenda, so it was also called Ji Wenda.
Test center/site
(1) Guard (2) Death (3) Funeral (4) Crying (5)
2. Translation: ① In spare time, lead subordinates to buy wine in the building; (2) The public is eager to ask.
3. There are several understandings of "fairness", which one is correct?
(1) everyone regrets; (2) Everyone is sad; 3 Fan Zhongyan's sad look; (4) Fan Zhongyan's silence.
4. Understanding: This incident can be used to prove a famous saying of Fan Zhongyan in Yueyang Tower:
2. Reading classical Chinese (12) is very generous to your own wealth, especially to the minor problems of your own people 1: minor problems 1:( 1) (public). After he became a dignitary, he bought thousands of acres of fertile land in the suburbs of Gusu and built a "righteous village" to help his people get rid of poverty.
(0.5 points for both, for and for) (2) Fan Zhongyan's descendants are wise and kind, and they still respect Fan Zhongyan's rules (practices) and dare not abolish them. (0.5 points for sage, piety and Buddhism respectively) Small question 1: It shows that after Fan Wenzheng became a public dignitary, he still has the excellent qualities of others in his heart.
Question 1:A, Master: Management (he chose a senior and talented person to manage his funds in and out) Question 2: This question examines the translation ability of classical Chinese sentences. When doing this kind of questions, we should pay attention to: 1, with literal translation as the main and free translation as the auxiliary.
Key words should be translated accurately, and strive to achieve "faithfulness", "expressiveness" and "elegance". Pay attention to the characteristics of classical Chinese sentence patterns in translation and restore the word order of modern Chinese.
3. Pay attention to the fluency and completeness of the whole sentence. (1) Both: Already.
Yes Used for: construction and repair.
To: Use it. 2 xian: wise.
Bong: Respect. Law: rules and practices.
.
3. The reading answer about Gong in Rongzhai Essays: Gong Shou Tonglu ②, starting from Mr. Jianyan's ancestral hall in Diaotai, and recording himself ③. Its lyrics ④ say: "Yunshan is grey, the rivers and seas are boundless, and the virtue of a gentleman is long."
Established to show Li Taibo. Taber read the third article, sighed and said, "As soon as the official document came out, it became famous.
A word "Yi Yi" is false to achieve beauty. "Male Koran (5), shake hands (6).
A: "The language of Yunshan River is very meaningful, but the word' de' seems cramped. How about changing it to' wind'? " Gong Ning couldn't sit still for an instant and almost wanted to bow down. (Selected from Mai's "Rong Zhai Essays") Note: ① Male: Fan Zhongyan.
He is called Gong, so the world is called Gong. ② Tonglu: an ancient place name, now Tonglu City, Zhejiang Province.
3 records: biography. Lyrics: refers to the words of praise after writing.
⑤ Quran: Surprised. 6 handshake: hand over.
⑦ Pu (p incarnation): big. ⑧ Ning: Attention.
When Fan Zhongyan was appointed as the satrap of Tonglu, he first built Mr. Yan's ancestral hall at Diaoyutai (memorial) and wrote a note in his own hand, which read: Yunshan is gray and the sea is boundless. The virtue of a gentleman, the mountain is high and the water is long.
After writing, I showed it to Li Taibo in Nanfeng. After reading it many times, Li Taibo stood up and said, Mr. Wang will be famous all over the world after writing this article. I boldly want to change the word (help you) to make it more perfect; Gong Fan was very surprised and asked him: (Li Taibo) said: "Yunshan poetry" is of great significance and profound implication. It seems a bit awkward to use it to modify the word "de". I want to change the word "virtue" into the word "wind". what do you think? Gong Fan sat there nodding and almost bowing! Reading training: 1. Description: ① Keep _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ① Being the chief, ② Looking at the vast water, ③ Stopping, ④ Changing into ⑤ Big ⑤ Asking ⑤ Nodding, ② After writing, show it to Li Bo; (2) it will leave a reputation in the world; (3) almost knelt down to thank humbly.
3. Many times. 4.① 1 "feng" is flat and turbid, so it is not awkward; ② "Wind" means popularity, communication power and "demeanor".
4. Answers to Fan Wenzheng's anecdotes in classical Chinese Read the following classical Chinese and complete the small questions.
Fan Wenzheng male (1), Sioux also. Do good all your life, choose the poor and help the poor, and give salt.
As soon as Fang Gui appeared, he gave Guo (2) a 3,000-mu field named "Yitian" to support people of all ethnic groups. There is food every day, clothing every year, and support for weddings and funerals. He who chooses the length of the family and the sage is the master of the plan, but it is embarrassing to be a cashier. Eclipse, one liter; Years old clothes, people are one; Fifty thousand (5) Marry a woman and thirty thousand remarry; 3,000 married women; Remarried fifteen thousand; If the number of buried people remarries, the number of buried young people is 1000. The clan gathered 90 people, with an annual income of 800 yuan. What they enter and what they collect are rich and infinite. After eight generations of screen, the family was just beautiful, but the official did not give it. This is bigger.
At the beginning, it was ambitious, but twenty years was not enough. Since he served as the governor of the western regions and participated in major political affairs, there have always been people endowed by Lu, and there will always be their aspirations. Since Gong died, Sun Xiu, the son of later generations, inherited his ambition, just as Gong survived. Although the public is rich and rich, he ends up poor. On the day of death, the body did not have the idea of convergence, and the child did not have the idea of loss. Only in the sense of helping the poor and the living, he left his son.
Note: ① Male: Fan Zhongyan, whose word is Greek, died a fair death. 2 negative Guo: near the city wall. No, lean back. (3) The field of [r ū n] is the field of Changshu and fertile land. The crops are ripe. (4) [jiān]: filament. ⑤ Thousand: A thousand dollars is the same. ⑥ Tribal Tiger [hú]: An ancient measuring instrument, with ten buckets as the tribal tiger. ⑦ Pei Ran: Pose. ⑧ Screening: refers to dismissal or resignation. 9. Participate in major political affairs: guide Fan Zhongyan as a Tang Dynasty envoy and participate in political affairs. Attending to fix things: it refers to presiding over Yitian.
1, (1) Explain the underlined words in the following sentences. (4 points)
(1) Pay in life (2) Eclipse ()
(3) Do what you want () (4) Participate in the discussion of state affairs ()
(2) The following sentences differ in usage and meaning (2 points).
A.① Be a handsome Western guy ② Be A Xiang.
B: ① Do as the Romans do; ② Use it as a blanket.
C. 1. End his ambition 2. Choose his goodness and follow it.
D.① This is a big one, ② He often squats on his body.
Mark two reading pauses in the following sentences with "/". (2 points)
Although the public is rich and rich, he ends up poor.
3. Translate sentences. (4 points)
(1) Choose poor, sparse and wise relatives and give them salt.
(2) Wes, who are we going home with? (The Story of Yueyang Tower)
4. This article is a monument erected by Qian Gongfu for Fan Zhongyan. What is the main content? (2 points)
answer
1, (1)① I like it. ② Every day. 3 once. 4 wait. ⑵D
2, public/although the position is rich/poor.
3.( 1) Choose close but poor people and distant but talented people to give support.
(2) (if) without this person, who am I with?
Fan Zhongyan set up beneficial fields to help his people.
5. Classical Chinese reading topic 1: subsidy support is realized. Topic 2: B. Topic 3: (His) descendants will rectify his industry and inherit his ambitions, just as Fan Zhongyan did when he was alive.
Question 1: Analysis of test questions: The word "Shan" has little contact with classical Chinese in class, and it can be inferred from the context that its meaning is similar to that in modern Chinese. It should be translated as "support".
"End" should be translated into verbs according to the context, and the object is "ambition", so it should be translated into "completion". Comments: Classical Chinese words include notional words and function words.
The investigation of classical Chinese words is based on content words. The words investigated are generally interchangeable words, polysemous words, ancient and modern synonyms and flexible words in parts of speech.
Of course, it is mainly based on the comments below the text. Pay attention to understanding, avoid rote learning, focus on breakthroughs, and accumulate words that are easy to make mistakes and confuse.
Question 2: Analysis of test questions: In item A, the former is translated as "because", while in item B, the former is translated as "JIU", and the latter is used with "ran" to mean "then". In item C, the former "he" is a conjunction, and the latter is a fixed collocation with "already".
The word "zhi" in item D is an auxiliary word, which is used between the subject and the predicate unintentionally. Comments: Classical Chinese words include notional words and function words.
The investigation of classical Chinese words is based on content words. The words investigated are generally interchangeable words, polysemous words, ancient and modern synonyms and flexible words in parts of speech.
Of course, it is mainly based on the comments below the text. Pay attention to understanding, avoid rote learning, focus on breakthroughs, and accumulate words that are easy to make mistakes and confuse.
Question 3: Analysis of test questions: Pay attention to the meaning of keywords when translating. The key word of this sentence is "build a career and follow the ambition".
"Cultivate one's career and inherit one's ambition" is a coordinate verb-object phrase, which can be translated as "cultivate one's career and inherit one's ambition" according to the context. Then connect the meaning of each word and the meaning will be smooth.
Comments: Translating classical Chinese sentences is a necessary question for reading classical Chinese. There are generally two ways to translate classical Chinese sentences, literal translation and free translation. Literal translation is often used in the senior high school entrance examination.
Literal translation pays attention to the implementation of every word, especially the meaning of key words must be presented. The translation of classical Chinese sentences must first know the meaning of classical Chinese words. Of course, when translating classical Chinese sentences after class, it is also a good method to put them in context and infer them according to the context.