Learn and practice from time to time

Confucius’ famous sayings. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Xue Er": "Confucius said: 'Learn and practice it from time to time, isn't it also said to be (pleasant)?'" Wang Su noted: "Recite and practice it from time to time, learning will not waste your work, so it is joyful." Wang Shi's "learning" and "xi" have the same meaning, which seems to refer specifically to recitation. However, Confucius taught people to learn the "six arts", including etiquette, music, archery, charioteering, calligraphy, and mathematics. "Recitation" is only "one end" (see Liu Baonan's "The Analects of Justice"). Huang Kanshu "Shi Xi" said: "Every study has three seasons." One refers to the year, the second refers to the season, and the third refers to the morning and evening. The contemporary Jiang Boqian believed that "learning is to know the new, and learning is to review the past" ("Introduction to the Thirteen Classics").

Be sensitive to things but cautious in speaking.

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Xueer": "Confucius said: 'A gentleman has nothing to eat to satisfy himself, and a place to live without seeking peace of mind. He is quick to do things but cautious in speaking.'" Also in "The Analects of Confucius·Li Ren": "A gentleman wants to be slow in speaking but is sensitive to speech." Yu Xing". The meaning is the same. It means to be diligent and quick in doing things, but cautious in speaking. Zhu Xi's note: "Those who are quick at doing things will do what they can't do. Those who are cautious about speaking will not dare to use up all the rest." (Analects of Confucius) Another explanation: "Things are difficult to do, so you must be quick; words are easy to say, Therefore, we must be cautious." (Volume 22 of "Zhu Zi Yu Lei") In addition, there are Confucius' words in "Xunzi Zidao", "Han Shi Wai Zhuan", "Shuo Yuan·Miscellaneous Words" and other chapters, "Be careful when speaking." Wow" record.

Learning without thinking will lead to failure; thinking without learning will lead to peril.

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Wei Zheng": "Confucius said: 'Learning without thinking means losing sight; thinking without learning leads to peril.'" "Wang" means confusion. Zheng Xuan's note: 罔, still 罔罔 ignorant of appearance. "Peril" has two meanings: one is critical, which means uncertainty. One is fatigue, and the spirit is exhausted and there is no gain. When solved in the past. This sentence can be combined with the chapter "Reviewing the past and learning the new". Yang Shuda, a recent scholar, commented: "Those who review the past but cannot learn the new are learning without thinking; those who do not review the past but want to learn the new are thinking without learning." ("The Analects of Confucius") Confucius first advocated paying equal attention to learning and thinking, and he regarded Confucius as It has a profound impact on my disciples. For example, Zixia talks about learning and thinking carefully and "The Doctrine of the Mean" talks about learning and thinking carefully, both of which believe that learning and thinking cannot be neglected.

If a person has no faith, he does not know what he is capable of.

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Wei Zheng" "Confucius said: 'If a person has no faith, he does not know what is possible.'" Zheng Xuan notes: "He who does not know what is possible means that his words cannot be implemented." Kong Anguo's note: "If you don't believe what you say, the rest will be useless." Zhu Xi said: "If a person does not have a true and sincere heart, then everything he says is false." (Volume 24 of "Zhu Zi Yu Lei") The recent scholar Jiang Boqian distinguished between trust and belief in two meanings: "What you say must be true; what you say must be fulfilled." ("Yu Yi Guang Jie") Confucius and later Confucian scholars attached great importance to trust, and "loyalty in words and sincerity in deeds" ("The Analects of Confucius, Duke Wei Linggong") was the Confucian principle of life.

Be slow in words but quick in deeds

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius: Li Ren": "Confucius said: 'A gentleman wants to be slow in words and quick in deeds'". Bao Xian's note: "Nause means slowness. The desire to speak is slow and the desire to act is fast." Zhu Xi quotes Xie Liangzuo's note: "It is easy to speak, so one wants to be slow; it is difficult to act hard, so one wants to be quick." There are many synonyms in the Analects of Confucius. Sentences: "Be careful what you say, and you will have few regrets" ("Wei Zheng"), "The ancients did not say what they said, and they were ashamed to bow without catching it" ("Li Ren"), "A gentleman is ashamed of his words and goes beyond his actions" ("Li Ren") "Xian Wen"), etc., can all reflect Confucius' consistent thought of emphasizing conduct and caution in speech. See "Be sensitive to things but cautious in speaking."

Virtue is never alone, it must have neighbors

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius: Li Ren": "Confucius said: 'Virtue is never alone, it must have neighbors.'"

Listen to his words and observe his actions

Confucius' famous sayings. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Gong Yechang": "I am responsible for day and night. Confucius said: 'Rotten wood cannot be carved, and a wall of dung soil cannot be smashed. Why should I be punished?' Confucius said: 'I have given it to others, and listened to them. "Believe what you say and follow what you do." "Shuo Yuan Zun Xian" records that Confucius said: "The way to learn from others is to observe their words and then observe their actions... Therefore, first observe their words and then observe their actions." "The Book of Rites of Dadai: The Virtues of the Five Emperors": "The Master said: 'I want to win people by their words, and then change them.'" This is the meaning of this chapter. Zhu Xi cited Hu's note and said: Confucius said that he listens to words and observes actions, "that is why he established a teaching to warn the disciples, so that they can be careful in speaking and quick in deeds." ("Analects of Confucius")

Sensitive and eager to learn. , Don’t be ashamed to ask questions

Confucius’ famous sayings. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Gongye Chang": "Zigong asked: 'How does Confucius Wenzi call it Wen?' Confucius said: 'He is quick and eager to learn, and he is not ashamed to ask questions. This is how he calls Wen.'" Confucius Wenzi, Doctor Wei . "Wen" is his posthumous title. Zhu Xi's note: "Ordinary people are quick-witted and have a hard time learning. Those in high positions are often ashamed to ask questions. Therefore, the posthumous law has the text "Study diligently and ask questions", which is also difficult for others.

"("The Analects of Confucius") also said: "The ancients' posthumous methods were very lenient", "Confucius is certainly not good, but this benefit is only due to the fact that he can learn quickly and ask questions, which is also a benefit." This shows that Confucius is "broad-minded and big-hearted" Degree, so the blame is also broad" (Volume 29 of "Zhu Zi Yu Lei").

Being gentle and polite, then a gentleman

Confucius' famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Yong Ye": "Zi Said: 'If quality is better than literature, then you will be wild; if literature is better than quality, you will be history; if literature is better than quality, then you will be a gentleman'. "According to the meaning of the word, wen, literary talent; quality, simplicity; politeness, mixed appearance. Zhu Xi's "Analects of Confucius" of the Southern Song Dynasty: "A scholar of eloquence should make up for his shortcomings and make up for his losses. As for becoming virtuous, it will happen unexpectedly." Qing Dynasty Liu Baonan's "Analects of Justice": "Etiquette has both quality and writing. The pledger is the foundation. Etiquette cannot be established without foundation, and it cannot be practiced without writing. If it can be established and practiced, this is what it means. "When Confucius said "wen", it refers to the external expression of conformity to propriety; "quality" refers to the inner benevolence. Only with the inner character of "benevolence" and at the same time able to express it in conformity with "propriety" can one become " "Gentleman". The relationship between literature and quality, that is, the relationship between propriety and benevolence. One reflects the ideal personality of the "gentleman" that Confucius strives to advocate; the other reflects his consistent thought of the mean: that is, he does not advocate partiality. It is better than writing, and it does not advocate partiality over quality; it should be impartial and impartial, and it is not easy to achieve the best. "Confucius said: 'The quality of Yu and Xia is the same as the writing of Yin and Zhou. The writings of the Yu and Xia Dynasties are not as good as their quality; the quality of their writings is not as good as those of the Yin and Zhou dynasties; how can it be said that the writing quality is right? " ("Book of Rites·Biaoji")

Respect ghosts and gods and keep them at a distance

Confucius' famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Yong Ye": "Fan Chi asked about it, and Confucius said:' The righteousness of serving the people, respecting ghosts and gods and keeping away from them, can be said to be known.'" Zhu Xi's note: "Dedicate your efforts to what is suitable for humanity, and not be confused by the unknowable things of ghosts and gods. This is the matter of those who know." " ("Analects of Confucius") Liu Baonan of the Qing Dynasty interpreted this sentence as: "It means to serve ghosts and gods with courtesy" ("Analects of Justice"). "Book of Rites·Biaoji": "The Master said: 'Xia Dao respects orders and serves ghosts. Respect gods and keep them at a distance, stay close to others but be loyal; people in the Yin Dynasty respected gods and led their people to serve gods, putting ghosts first and then being polite; people in Zhou respected gods but still gave them, and served ghosts while respecting gods but staying away from them, staying close to people but being loyal. " Combined with the above words of Confucius to Fan Chi, it can be seen that Confucius held a different view of ghosts and gods from the Xia merchants, and taught Fan Chi to follow Zhou Dao. On the premise of acknowledging the existence of ghosts and gods, Confucius also proposed that ghosts and gods should not be treated lightly or treated with disrespect. Closeness, which is different from the attitude of emphasizing that humans should be dealt with before ghosts and gods in daily life and social activities ("The Analects of Confucius·Advanced": "Ji Lu asked about ghosts and gods, Confucius said: 'If you can't serve people, how can you serve ghosts?'") Consistent.

If you want to establish, you will establish people; if you want to reach people, you will reach people.

Confucius's famous saying comes from "The Analects of Confucius·Yong Ye". Confucius answered Zigong's question about benevolence: "Husband. A benevolent person, if he wants to establish himself, he can establish others; if he wants to achieve something, he can achieve success in others. If he can draw examples from others, this can be said to be the way of benevolence. "Zhu Xi's Commentary on the Analects of Confucius: "It is the heart of a benevolent person to treat oneself and others. Looking at it from this point of view, you can see that the laws of heaven are flowing around without any leisure. ” Ruan Yuan of the Qing Dynasty’s "Sutra Study Room Collection": "Being tireless in doing it will help you achieve success; being tireless in teaching others will help you build others up." Those who are established are like "establishing at thirty"; those who are successful are like "you will be successful in your country and you will be successful at home". "This sentence still means that if you want to stand up, you must also make others stand up. If you want everything to work, you should also make everything work for others. This embodies the way of "forgiveness" advocated by Confucius, that is, Regarding the practical approaches and methods of "benevolence", the high standard of "forgiveness" is to do what you want to do to others, that is, to practice "benevolence" in a positive sense. The low standard is to do what you don't want and do to others. Not to do evil, that is, practice "benevolence" in a negative sense (see "The Analects of Confucius·Yan Yuan": Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you), respect yourself and others, observe yourself and know others, that is, recognize the value of others, care about the survival and survival of others Development reflects the humanitarian characteristics of Confucius’ thoughts from another aspect.

Rescribe without writing, believe in the past.

Confucius’ famous saying comes from "The Analects of Confucius": "Zi. Said: "Reciting without writing, trusting but loving the ancients, stealing and comparing to me, Lao Peng". ""Hanshu·Rulinzhuan": Confucius "investigated the ancient and modern texts" to narrate "Book", call "Music", discuss "Poetry", because of Lu's "Spring and Autumn", and to read "Yi", "all because of the recent saints" To establish the teachings of the ancestors. Therefore, it is said that 'state without writing, believe in and love the ancients'". Zhu Xi's "Analects of Confucius": "Confucius deleted the "Poems", "Books", Dingli, Yu, praised the "Book of Changes", and revised the "Spring and Autumn", all of which were passed on to the ancestors. "Old, but nothing has been done". This sentence means that the old chapters are passed down without creating, and the ancient culture is both obedient and fond of. "Not writing" and "loving the ancients" are Confucius's summary of his lifelong teaching and academic research career. , and also reflects its principle of organizing historical and cultural heritage and its basic attitude towards ancient culture.

As for the so-called "not doing", Zhu Xi believed that Confucius "even though he described what he did, the effect was twice as great as if he had done it" (ibid.). Later generations of scholars believed that Confucius actually wrote as well as stated.

Know it silently, be tireless in learning, and tireless in teaching others.

Confucius’ famous sayings. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Shu Er": "The Master said: 'I know it silently, I am not tired of learning, I am not tired of teaching others, how can I do it?" See also "Mencius Gongsun Chou": "Confucius said: 'I can't be sage, because I am never tired of learning and never tired of teaching'"; "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" also records: "Confucius said: 'How can I be worthy of such praise? If you don’t do this, you will be eager to learn and never tire of teaching, and be eager to teach but never tire of it.” The sentence means: silently keep what you see and hear in your heart, study vigorously and never be satisfied, teach students tirelessly. Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty wrote in "Analects of Confucius": "Three of them are no longer the ultimate saint, but they still dare not take it seriously, so they are humble and modest." Qian Mu, a recent scholar, believes that "this chapter may be regarded as a modest statement, but it is not true." ("New Interpretation of the Analects") Confucius mentioned three things here: First, the emphasis is on speech and knowledge (memory), not on speech and silence. The so-called "learn more" , quality and keep it" ("Book of Rites·缁衣"), "If you hear more, choose the good and follow it; if you see more, you will know it" ("The Analects·Shuer"), the second and third express Confucius's His diligence in pursuing knowledge and his enthusiasm in teaching his disciples are also a reasonable summary of Confucius' understanding and methods of "learning" and "teaching".

Being rich and noble without justice is like floating clouds to me

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Shuer": "The Master said: 'Eat sparingly, drink water, bend your arms and rest on it, and enjoy it; wealth and honor gained through unrighteousness are like floating clouds to me.'" Zheng Xuan of the Han Dynasty noted: "Those who are rich and noble without righteousness are like floating clouds to me, and they are not my own." Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty wrote in "Analects of Confucius": "He regards unjust wealth and honor as if they are nothing in the floating clouds, and is indifferent to them." Meaning: Wealth and official position acquired through unjust means are like floating clouds in the sky to me. See also the same chapter of "The Analects of Confucius": "The Confucius said: 'Wealth can be sought after, even if it is a man with a whip, I will do it. If it is not available, I will do what I like'"; "The Analects of Confucius: Li Ren": "The Confucius said "Wealth and honor are what people want. If you don't get them in the right way, you can't get them." Confucius here reiterates his specific principles for viewing and seeking wealth, which must be in line with "righteousness" and "benevolence." If anything is obtained contrary to this, it will be regarded as a passing smoke and unworthy of acquisition. At the same time, it also shows his attitude and vision of living in poverty and being content with poverty.

If you are angry and forget to eat, if you are happy and forget your worries, you will not know that old age is coming.

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Shuer": "Ye Gong asked Confucius about Zilu, and Zilu was wrong. Zilu said, 'Nv Xibu said: As a human being, he is so angry that he forgets to eat, and he is happy and forgets his worries. He doesn't know that old age is coming.'" . Zheng Xuan of the Han Dynasty's "Analects of Confucius": Talking about this talent encourages people to learn. Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty wrote in "Analects of Confucius": "If you haven't got it, you will be angry and forget to eat; if you have got it, you will be happy and forget about worries; so the two are incompatible, and they will breed every day without knowing the shortcomings of the years. But he said that he is eager to learn. ". The recent commentator Kang Youwei said in Annotations of the Analects: "If you forget food, you will not know poverty and lowliness; if you forget worries, you will not know suffering; if you forget old age, you will not know life and death; no perfect person can reach this point." The sentence means: If you work hard and don't even remember to eat (you have learned something), you will be so happy that you forget your worries, and you won't even notice that you are in the old state. This is actually the words of the Master’s own teaching and self-encouragement. "Book of Rites·Biaoji": "Confucius said: 'The good benevolence in the Poems is like this. Walking on the country road, abandoning the middle road, forgetting one's old age, not knowing the insufficiency of years. Looking down, there are breedings every day, Just kill him and then '". Throughout his life, he was eager to learn and was active and promising. He was diligent in the realization of the doctrine he founded. "If I give up halfway, I can't do it anymore" ("The Doctrine of the Mean"), thus demonstrating Confucius's self-improvement, perseverance, and optimism. attitude towards life.

When three people walk together, there must be one who can teach me.

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Shuer": "Confucius said: 'When three people are walking together, they must have my teacher. Choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones.'" Zhu Xi's note: "Three people walking together, one of them will As for me, if one of them is good and the other is evil, then I will follow the good, and I will follow the good and change the evil. These two people are my teachers." ("Analects of Confucius") Liu Baonan quoted the old saying. , and put forward two explanations: one is that "I and he are three people. If the two of them think that I am good, I will follow it; if the two of them think of me as bad, I will change it. These two people are both for me." Teacher. Shu Hongfan said: "Three people act according to the words of two people." One is that "there are no wise or foolish people. They all choose according to what they see." It doesn’t mean that one person is good and the other person is not good. If you follow someone who is good, you are my teacher.” .

The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Shuer". "Shuowen": "Tan means peace." Dangdang means wide and far. Qi Qi is known as being worried all the time. A gentleman is well versed in affairs, so his dealings with others are like walking on a flat road, feeling safe and comfortable. A small person's mind is often obsessed with things, worrying about gains and losses, so he often has a feeling of sadness. Huang Kanshu quoted Jiang Xi and said: "A gentleman is open-minded and carefree, showing no selflessness. A villain is concerned about glory and profit, and cares about gains and losses, so he grows up to be a noble man." Cheng Zi said: "A gentleman follows the principles, so he is always comfortable; "The villain works for things, so he has many worries." (See "Analects of Confucius") "Xunzi Zidao" says that a gentleman has a lifetime of happiness and no worries for a day, while a villain has a lifetime of worries and no happiness for a day. , has the same meaning as this.

When the weather is cold, you will know the pines and cypresses, and then you will carve them.

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Zihan": "Confucius said: When the year is cold, you will know that the pines and cypresses will wither." Sculptures are withered; pines and cypresses are metaphors for the material of pillars. Zhu Xi cited Xie Shangcai's note and said: "When a scholar is poor, he knows integrity, and when the world is chaotic, he knows loyal ministers." ("Analects of Confucius") There is no day when he is not here." ("Xunzi·Dalue") "Zhuangzi·Rang Wang" quotes Confucius as saying: "A gentleman is a master of the Tao, and a man who is poor in the Tao is said to be poor. Today, he embraces the way of benevolence and righteousness in order to survive in troubled times. What should we do if we are in trouble? Therefore, we should introspect ourselves without losing sight of the truth, and face difficulties without losing our virtue."

A wise man will not be confused, a kind man will not be worried, and a brave man will not be afraid.

Confucius’ famous sayings. "The Analects of Confucius·Zihan": "Confucius said: Those who know do not be confused, those who are kind do not worry, and those who are brave do not fear." "The Analects of Justice" quotes the note from "Shenjian·Miscellaneous Statements": "The gentleman is happy with heaven and knows his destiny, so he does not worry; he judges things clearly. The order of the three is different according to "The Analects of Confucius: Xian Wen": "There are three ways of a gentleman, and I am incompetent: a benevolent person does not worry, a wise person does not worry, and a brave person does not fear." Confucius humbled himself that he did not have the three virtues of knowledge, benevolence, and courage, but regarded him as Zi Gong. Confucius was perfect in all three ways, so he said: "Master has his own way." ("Xian Wen")

People There is no foundation without faith

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Yan Yuan": "Since ancient times, there has been death, and the people cannot stand without faith." This is Confucius's answer to Zigong's question about politics. The people's trust and sufficient food and soldiers are the policies of Confucius to govern and strengthen the country. However, you can remove soldiers and food, but you cannot make the people lose their trust; the people's trust is the foundation. This is similar to Confucius's sacrifice of one's life to achieve benevolence and Mencius's sacrifice of one's life for righteousness. Later Zhu Xi said: "The people will die without food, but the dead are inevitable. Without faith, even though you are alive, you will not be able to stand on your own, and it is not as good as death. Therefore, it is better to die than to break faith with the people, so that the people would rather die. Don’t break your trust with me.”

Which one is better than the common people?

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Yan Yuan": "The people are enough, and the ruler is not enough. The people are not enough, and the ruler is not enough?" This is what Confucius' disciple Youruo said when he answered the question of Lu Aigong: "I am hungry in the year, but I don't have enough. What's the matter?" Word. That is to say, it develops Confucius's Confucian thought that "policy is to make the people rich" ("Shuoyuan Zhengli"). Confucius believed that the prosperity of the people lies in low taxes and collection of taxes. "The poem goes: 'A gentleman is the father and mother of the people', but there is no such thing as 'his son is rich but his parents are poor'" (ibid.). Zhu Xi's annotation is: "If the people are rich, the ruler will not be poor; if the people are poor, the ruler will not be poor. If you deeply express the meaning of the unity of the ruler and the people, in order to stop the public's exaggeration, it is appropriate to think deeply about it." "("Analects of Confucius") "Xunzi·Fu Guo" said: "The poor at the bottom will lead to poverty at the top, and the rich at the bottom will make the top rich." "Therefore, the master of the Ming Dynasty must carefully maintain its harmony, limit its flow, and open up its source, and then consider it carefully. . The world must have more than enough, and the superiors will not worry about the shortage. In this way, both the superiors and the inferiors will be rich, and there will be nothing left to hide. This is the ultimate beauty of a gentleman.

Confucius’ famous sayings. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Yan Yuan": "Confucius said: The beauty of a gentleman is not the evil of a man. The villain is the opposite." Zhu Xi commented: "Those who succeed can use incentives, rewards and persuasion to achieve their goals." "Dadaili· "Zengzi Establishes Things": "A gentleman is good to himself and rejoices in the goodness of others. When he is good at himself, he also rejoices in the abilities of others." This is similar to Confucius' meaning.

His body is upright and he does not follow orders

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Zilu": "The Master said: His body is upright. He does not do what he is told, and even if he does not obey the order." Confucianism has always believed that the person who is superior "will lead the way to be upright and meet the trust of the people." "The one who is not upright is the one who is superior." , the people don't believe it." ("Hanshu Gongsun Hongzhuan") "This is the legislation of the old master, who first checks the rules and regulations, so the order is carried out in the world." ("Huainanzi·Zhushu")

Small gains mean big things will fail

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Zilu": "Zi Xia was the governor of Ju Fu and asked about politics. Zi said: If there is no desire for haste, there will be no small gains. If you want haste, you will not achieve anything; if you see small gains, great things will not be accomplished.

"Zhu Xi's "Collected Notes": "Seeing the small is beneficial, then what you gain is small, and what you lose is big. " He also quoted Cheng Zi saying that Confucius knew that his disciple "Zi Xia's illness was always close to him", so he "told him what he wanted to do for himself" (ibid.). "The Analects of Confucius" quoted Xunzi as saying: "Benefit means benefiting the country and benefiting the people. . If a person in politics sees big profits, he must do well, but small ears should not be seen." "Dadai Liji·Four Dynasties": "It is good to see small profits, but it will hinder politics. "

If you are not in your position, you will not seek political power.

Confucius' famous saying comes from "The Analects of Confucius Taibo": "Confucius said: 'If you are not in your position, you will not seek political power'. ""Xian Wen" also has this saying. Its purpose is to "want everyone to concentrate on his position" (Liu Baonan's "The Analects of Justice"). It is also the consistent attitude of Confucianism. Zengzi said: "A gentleman cannot think about his position." "("The Analects of Confucius·Xianwen") Later Mencius also said that "it is a crime to speak of a high position if you have a low position"; "The Doctrine of the Mean" also has "A gentleman acts in his position and does not want to be outside of it", "If you are in a high position, you will not be in a mausoleum; "The inferior will not help the superior", which are similar to this article.

If a person has no long-term worries, he will have immediate worries

Confucius' famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Wei Linggong": "Confucius Said: If a person has no long-term worries, he must have immediate worries. "Analects of Confucius" Quotation: "The worry is not far away, and the worry is coming soon, so it is called near worry." "Xunzi·Dalue" says: "Think about things first and worry about troubles first." Thinking about things in advance is called taking over, and taking over will make things happen. The first thing to worry about is called hesitation, and hesitation means that disaster will not occur. Those who worry about things later are called trapped. If trapped, the disaster will be uncontrollable. "Confucianism values ????people's foresight and foresight.

Be generous to yourself, but blame others less.

Confucius' famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Wei Linggong": "Confucius said : If you are generous to yourself and blame others poorly, you will be far away from resentment. "This is to apply "benevolence" to others. Dong Zhongshu of the Western Han Dynasty expressed it: "Govern people with benevolence, govern me with righteousness, be kind to oneself, and belittle responsibilities to others. This is what we call it. "("Chun Qiu Fan Lu·The Law of Benevolence and Righteousness") "Lu Shi Chun Qiu·Ju Nan" also says: "Therefore, when a gentleman blames others, he uses benevolence, and when he blames himself, he uses righteousness. If you blame others with benevolence, it will be easy to do it; if you are easy to do it, you will win people; if you blame yourself with righteousness, it will be difficult to do wrong; if it is difficult to do wrong, you will behave in a disguised manner. "Zhu Xi noted: "If you rebuke yourself well, you will be able to cultivate yourself; if you rebuke others lightly, you will be easy to obey, so you will blame others for not being able to do so. " ("Analects of Confucius")

A gentleman seeks for himself, while a villain seeks for others

Confucius' famous saying. The four views in "The Analects" have the same purpose but minor differences in text. "Xue" "And" contains: "Confucius said: 'If you are not troubled by others, you don't know it yourself; when you are troubled, you don't know others. '" It means that you don't have to worry about others not knowing me. What you should worry about is that I don't know others. "Li Ren" writes: "Don't worry if you don't know what you know, you can know what you want to do. "The meaning of the previous sentence is the same, but the meaning of the next sentence is: I should worry about what I have for others to know." "Wei Ling Gong" also wrote: "A gentleman is sick and incompetent. If he is not sick, he will not know it." "Zhu Xi's note: Confucius "Gai has said this many times, and the meaning of Ding Ning can also be seen. "("Analects of Confucius") Wang Euzhi's note: "It can take away my name but not my ambition; it can trap me in circumstances but not trap me in a world where heaven and man have no shame, so there is no need to worry. " ("The Teachings of the Four Books")

Don't use words to lift people up, and don't use people to trash talk

Confucius's famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Wei Linggong": "Confucius said: No Use your words to lift people up, don’t use your words to waste your words. Bao Xian's note: "Those who speak do not have to be virtuous, so they cannot speak to others." Wang Su noted: "Good words cannot be discarded without virtue." "It means not to recommend someone because his words are pleasing to the ear, nor to despise someone because of his shortcomings. Confucius's steady and comprehensive skills of promoting people and listening to words are valued by later generations.

Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you

Confucius' famous saying comes from "The Analects of Confucius": "Zhong Gong asked about benevolence, Confucius said: When you go out, you are like seeing a distinguished guest, and you treat the people as if they are welcome. Great festival. Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you. No resentment in the country, no resentment at home. "This is what Confucius said about benevolence. "Wei Linggong": "Zigong asked: Is there anything you can say that can be implemented throughout your life? Confucius said: How can I forgive you? Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you. "This also means forgiveness. Confucius often uses "forgiveness" to explain "benevolence". Zhu Xi's "Collected Commentary": "Forgiveness means respecting oneself and others. This is what Zigong said: "I don't want others to do anything to me, and I also want nothing to be done to others." " ("Gongye Chang") Later Confucianism emphasized "Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you" in order to implement "benevolent government".

Small impatience will mess up big plans

Confucius Famous quote. The quote comes from "The Analects of Confucius: Wei Linggong": "Confucius said: Clever words mess up virtue, and small impatience messes up great plans. "Zhu Xi's "Analects of Confucius": "Small intolerance is like the benevolence of a woman and the courage of a man. ” He also said: “A woman’s benevolence cannot endure love; a man’s courage cannot endure anger, both of which can disrupt great plans.”

"(Volume 45 of "Zhuzi Yulei") The contemporary Yang Shuda also divided into three meanings: "cannot bear anger"; "cannot bear kindness, cannot cut off kindness with justice"; "cannot bear to give up money and money" ("Analects of Confucius") .

People can spread the Tao, but it is not the Tao that spreads people.

Confucius’ famous saying comes from "The Analects of Confucius: Wei Linggong": "Confucius said: 'People can spread the Tao, but it is not the Tao that spreads people.' ’” It means that people can enlarge the Tao, but they cannot use the Tao to enlarge a great person. Wang Su noted: “Those with great talents have great Tao, and those with small talents have Tao with small ones, so they cannot promote others.” ” Zhu Xi’s note: “There is no way for people outside the way, and there is no one outside the way.” However, the human heart is aware, but the Tao body is inactive. Therefore, a person can magnify his Tao, but the Tao cannot magnify his person. "("Analects of Confucius") Dong Zhongshu also quoted this sentence in "Countermeasures between Heaven and Man", saying that it is up to oneself to control chaos, waste and prosperity. Today, Yang Bojun believes that it is inconsistent with his will.

Do not give way to the teacher

Confucius' famous saying comes from "The Analects of Confucius: Wei Linggong": "Confucius said: 'Do not give in to the teacher. ’” “Being benevolent” has two interpretations: one is to face benevolence; the other is to shoulder the important task of realizing benevolence. Zhu Xi’s note: “Being benevolent means taking benevolence as one’s responsibility. Although there is nothing inferior to a teacher, he said that if he goes forward bravely, he will do it. Gai Ren is what people have and do for themselves. There is no struggle. How can it be inferior to existence? " ("Analects of Confucius") The word "teacher" is generally interpreted as "teacher". The contemporary Qian Muxun means "all people".

Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing

Confucius Famous quote. The quote comes from "The Analects of Confucius: Wei Zheng": "The Master said: 'You! Do you know this? To know is to know, and to not know is to know. This is knowledge. '" "Zhiye" means "knowledge", which is the same as wisdom. Zhu Xi's note: "Zilu was very brave, and there were those who thought he knew what he didn't know, so his old husband told him. "("Analects of Confucius") What is recorded in "Xunzi·Zidao" can be evidenced: Zilu saw Confucius in rich clothes. Confucius said: "Now that women's clothes are rich and full of color, who in the world is willing to admonish women." "Also said: "Therefore, when a gentleman knows something, he says he knows it; if he doesn't know it, he says he doesn't know it, and he says it is essential; if he can do it, he says he can do it; if he cannot do it, he says he can't do it, and he does it to the best of his ability. "Another chapter of "Confucianism" says: "When you know, you say you know it; when you don't know, you say you don't know it. You don't accuse yourself internally, and you don't deceive yourself externally. You respect the virtuous and fear the law and don't dare to be arrogant. This is the refined Confucianism. "

An ordinary man cannot seize his will.

Confucius' famous saying comes from "The Analects of Confucius·Zihan": "Confucius said: 'The three armies want to seize the commander, but an ordinary man cannot seize his will.' ’” Kong Anguo’s note: “Although the three armies are numerous, but the hearts of the people are not unified, the generals can seize them; even though the men are weak, they can only maintain their ambitions, so they cannot be captured and seize them. Zhu Xi quoted Hou as saying: "The courage of the three armies lies in the people, and the ambition of the common man lies in himself." Therefore, the commander can be captured but the ambition cannot be captured. If it can be taken away, it is not enough to be called ambition. "("Analects of Confucius") Chapter "Li Xin·缁衣" also says: "Confucius said: 'Words have things and actions have patterns. Therefore, one cannot take away one's ambition in life, and one cannot take one's reputation in death'. ”

To listen to the Tao and speak it in a way is to abandon virtue

Confucius’ famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius Yang Huo": "Confucius said: 'To listen to the Tao and to speak it in a way is to abandon virtue." Abandon it. ’” Huang Kanshu said: “The study of memorizing questions is not enough to be a teacher. Teachers must review the past to learn the new, study it carefully for a long time, and then they can teach it to others. If you listen to the road, it will be said by people, and there will be a lot of fallacies. Therefore, it is abandoned by the virtuous. He also abandons his own virtue. Qian Mu, a recent scholar, said: "It is easy to hear the Tao, and it is easy to speak the Tao." Even if it enters Zi's ears and comes out of his mouth, even if he hears good words, he does not keep them as his own, and his virtue will never be achieved. "("New Interpretation of the Analects of Confucius") "Xunzi·Daliue": "A gentleman does not speak when in doubt, and does not speak when he has not asked. The road is getting farther and farther. "It has a similar meaning to Confucius' opposition to hearsay.

If the Tao is different, we should not conspire against each other

Confucius's famous saying. The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Wei Linggong": "Confucius said: 'The Tao is different. , don't plot against each other'". "Historical Records·Bo Yi Biography" quotes this saying: "If the ways are different, they should not plot against each other, and each should follow his own ambition. "The Biography of Lao Zhuang and Shen Han" said: "Those who study Lao Tzu in the world are inferior to Confucianism, and Confucianism is inferior to Lao Tzu. If the Tao is different, they do not seek each other. How can this be said?" Qian Mu, a recent scholar, has two interpretations. One is, "Gentlemen also have different opinions and deeds, but if they are the same as the Tao, they can work together." However, villains who are traitors to the Tao are divided into good and evil, evil and righteous, so it is difficult for them to plot against each other. "The first one is "Tao refers to martial arts, such as shooting and chastity, each has its own focus and does not work against each other. "("New Interpretation of the Analects")

Answer: zqbeijing134 - Probation Level 1 6-20 13:55

Confucius' famous sayings

If you don't learn etiquette, There is no way to establish yourself.

Do not do to others what you do not want to do to yourself.

If you want to establish yourself, you can establish others.

If you want to achieve something, you can achieve it. If you blame others thickly and lightly, you will be far away from resentment.

When you see the virtuous, you will think about it, and when you see the virtuous, you will introspect yourself.

When three people walk together, they must have a teacher. I will choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones.

Be respectful wherever you live, be respectful in your work, and be loyal to others.

A gentleman is respectful and courteous, and he is respectful and courteous to others. He is a brother in the world.

He is loyal in words and respectful in deeds. This is true even in a barbaric country. If you are not faithful in words and respectful in deeds, how can you do it even if you live in the state?

A person who behaves in his own way is shameful and can be used in all directions without dishonoring the emperor's order. He can be called a scholar.

Confucius said: "He who can do the five things is benevolent in the world." Please ask. Said: "Gong, generosity, trust, sensitivity, and benefit. Being respectful means not insulting, being lenient means winning people, being trustworthy means being able to do whatever you want, being sensitive means being successful, and being merciful means being able to win over others."

A gentleman takes righteousness as a pledge, conducts it with propriety, develops it as a grandson, and fulfills it by faith. What a gentleman!

To make mistakes without correcting them is to say that you have made mistakes!

If it is passed, it will be changed in a hurry.

Don’t express your anger and don’t make mistakes.

Three armies can seize the commander, but an ordinary man cannot seize the will!

If a person has no long-term worries, he must have immediate worries.

No desire for haste, no small gains in sight. If you want haste, you will not achieve anything; if you see small profits, you will not achieve great things.

If one does not uphold one's virtues and does not have a firm belief in one's faith, one can live or die.

When making friends, keep your word.

Use literature to make friends, and friends to help people.

Three friends will benefit you, and three friends will harm you. Friends who are straight, friends who are understanding, and friends who are knowledgeable are beneficial. If you have friends, you will be brave. If you are friendly, you will be gentle. If you have friends, you will be sycophantic, which is a loss.

A gentleman wants to be slow in words but quick in deeds.

A gentleman has nothing to eat and nothing to live in, and he is sensitive to things and careful in his words.

Spoken words confuse morality.

Known words and charming words are fresh and benevolent.

Strongness, perseverance, woodiness, indifference and benevolence.

Those who are virtuous must educate themselves in words, but those who are eloquent do not need to cultivate virtues.

Listen to his words and watch his actions.

You don’t use your words to lift people up, and you don’t use people to trash your words.

The ancients could not say anything, and they could not catch it in shame.

The name of a gentleman must be eloquent, and his words must be actionable. A gentleman is nothing more than scrupulous in his words.

If you can talk to someone but don’t talk to them, you will miss someone; if you talk to someone you can’t talk to, you will miss your words. He who knows does not lose people, nor does he lose words.

To say something without mentioning it is called impatience; to say something but not say anything is called concealment; to say it without seeing the color is called blindness.

If you love benevolence but don’t learn, you will be a fool; if you love knowledge but don’t learn, you will be blind; if you love faith but don’t learn, you will be a thief; if you love straightforwardness but don’t learn, then you will be blind; if you love to be brave but don’t learn, then you will be blind. If you love to learn, you will be confused; if you are rigid and don't learn, you will be crazy.

If you are respectful but rude, you will be tired; if you are cautious but rude, you will be embarrassed; if you are brave but rude, you will be chaotic; if you are straight but rude, you will be strangled.

Serve the king, respect his duties and then eat them.

When it comes to etiquette, harmony is the most valuable thing.

Those who act in favor of profit will have many complaints.

Don’t worry about others but you don’t know yourself, and you don’t know others when you are worried.