Lü Buwei is a strange person in Chinese history. His strategy and eloquence are among the best among Chinese historical figures. With one person's strength and his sharp tongue, he contributed to his lifelong prosperity and wealth. He is the kind of person who is good at making big plans, implementing and completing the plans. This kind of person must be eloquent and be the implementer of his own plans.

As far as strategy is concerned, Lu Buwei not only planned deeply and far, but also planned comprehensively and widely. He divided the plan into four steps: First, when he saw the young master When Yiren was young, he felt that there was a rare commodity to live in, and it was a good investment project that could win the entire future, so he persuaded Yiren to listen to his command.

Secondly, if you want to sell this "wonderful product" and turn this investment from risk into huge profit, you still need to make hard efforts and laborious work. He not only has to make arrangements to pick people up, but he also has to make arrangements to release them. He calculated the latent and urgent needs of Mrs. Huayang and her younger brother, so that Mrs. Huayang could run for strangers for her own benefit, and Qin began to ask Zhao for people.

Thirdly, he lobbied King Zhao and persuaded King Zhao to send the stranger back with long-term interests. Fourth, after he was brought back, in order to advance to a higher level, he put some effort into the foreigner, so that the King of Qin finally made the foreigner the prince. Lu Buwei went through the troubles between the two countries, arranged cleverly, planned well, and made progress step by step. He is really a first-class planner and designer.

Completing his transaction was actually a big project. To mobilize the victim, the Qin State that took him in, the Zhao State that released him, the queen who recognized her son, the King of Qin who established the prince, etc., it was huge and complicated, and it had to be strategic and thorough.

What is particularly admirable is his lobbying skills. Every time he hits the target of his lobbying, he is able to make the other party accept it happily. This is because he can have a deep insight into the other party's needs, anticipate future changes in things, and make the other party submit easily from the perspective of thinking for the other party.

To convince the other party, you must first have a process of replacing yourself with the other party. Only by controlling the needs of the other party can you cater to their needs, prescribe the right medicine, and use it for your own benefit.

Sima Qian: "Buwei and Lao Aigui were given the title Wenxinhou. People reported it to Lao Ai, and Ai heard about it. The King of Qin checked the left and right, but did not make any move. In the suburbs of Yong, Ai was afraid of disaster, so he Conspired with the party, the Empress Dowager sent troops to rebel against Qinian Palace. He was defeated and fled, and his clan was destroyed. This was what Confucius called "Wen". "Is it Lu Zi?" He was granted the title of Zhongfu. He moved to Shu to punish the slanderers, and the plan was completed, and the wealth was obtained. "

Liu Kezhuang said: "There is no long-term plan in building Henan. The winner is Prime Minister Lu, and the successor is Niu Jin."?

Xu Jun: "Whoever is planning to establish a prince will be pregnant with a concubine, and the wealthy businessman will be lucky to see the time. After ten years of wealth, there will be more misfortune. ."

Zhang Zai: "The Qin Dynasty's Jinxuan Lu Shixiu was in a dilemma when writing the book. Wang Shizhen: "Those who have used skills to obtain wealth and power since ancient times are not as dirty and humble as Lu Buwei, but they are also not as skillful as Buwei. All the efforts made by Buwei have been hollowed out until the end of time, and it should be like this It is because of his luck that his skills can be used to capture it." Wang Shizhen: "I don't like Li Zhi's learning, and I haven't even seen it in his Collection of Books and Xu Collection of Books. The most harmful thing to the Tao is the article "On Kuangjue". It says that Fang Xun was mad and became an emperor, King Wen was mad and became a king, Tai Bo was mad and Bo, all of them were mad. Taigong, Zhou, and Zhao were all crazy. Emperor Gao of the Han Dynasty was the god of madness; Emperor Wen was the sage of madness.

Such fallacies are just like talking in a drunken dream, but they were highly respected by the famous people at that time. What? If we take Li Si, Sang Hongyang, Lu Buwei, Li Yuan, Jia Xu, and Dong Zhao as famous officials, and Wen Qiao as a traitor, then Yang Xiong, Hu Guang, Qiao Zhou, and Feng are the so-called likes and dislikes. It is also a big mistake to say that officials should hide from foreign ministers."

Extended information:

Lü Buwei's ideological proposition:

In the pre-Qin style, the number of disciples maintained by celebrities increased. The more people there are, the higher the reputation of celebrities is. For example, Chu has Chunshenjun, Zhao has Pingyuanjun, Qi has Mengchangjun, and Wei has Xinlingjun. They are all political celebrities who are eager to seek talents and enjoy high reputation among the countries. Lu Buwei believed that as the powerful Prime Minister of Qin, he was inferior to the above-mentioned people, so he also recruited talents, treated the followers who came to follow him with great courtesy and treatment, and wanted to compete with the followers of the above-mentioned celebrities.

At that time, celebrities from various countries often felt proud that their guests could write books and commentaries, so Lu Buwei also ordered his guests to compile what they knew and heard, and a brilliant collective creation came out, which was later named in his name. Published, this is "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals". This was a major event done by Lu Buwei during his administration.

In the works of pre-Qin scholars, "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" is listed as a miscellaneous family. In fact, this "miscellaneous" is not a mess, but an eclectic one, drawing on the strengths of other schools and using his own leading ideas to combine them. It runs through.

This book is centered on the thoughts of Huang Lao, "combined with Confucianism and Mohism, and combined with law". It advocates the implementation of rule by inaction under the centralized power of the monarch, letting nature take its course, and doing everything without doing anything. Governing the country with this idea is very beneficial to easing social conflicts, allowing people to recuperate, and restoring economic development.

Lü Buwei compiled "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" which was not only his program for governing the country, but also provided a reference for Qin Shihuang who was about to take charge of the country. Unfortunately, due to Lu Buwei's personal fault, Qin Shihuang abandoned this book and did not play its due role. The value of "Lu Shi Chun Qiu" was gradually realized by later generations, and it became an important material for understanding the thoughts of various scholars during the Warring States Period.