When his father died at the age of 4, he spent his childhood with his mother at his grandfather's house. 10 years old, Gorky began to make a living independently. He worked as an apprentice, porter, janitor, baker, etc. , personally experienced the suffering of the lower classes. During this period, he studied hard and began to explore the truth of transforming society. From 65438 to 0884, he joined the populists, read the works of populists and Marx, and actively participated in revolutionary activities.
From 65438 to 0905, Gorky joined the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party. From 65438 to 0906, Gorky was entrusted by Lenin to carry out revolutionary activities in the United States from Finland, and published the novel Mother in the United States. Later he settled in Capri, Italy. 19 13 years, Gorky returned to work in proletarian cultural organizations from Italy and presided over the literary column of Pravda. 19 17 After the October Revolution, Gorky came into conflict with Lenin and the new regime with chaos, destruction, anarchy and various violent incidents.
192 1 year1October, Gorky went abroad to recuperate due to illness and differences with the Bolshevik regime. 1928, Gorky returned to the Soviet Union. Under Stalin's arrangement, he made two long-distance trips in Russia and decided to return to China to settle down. 1934 was elected chairman of the writers association. After Gorky returned to China, as a banner of Soviet cultural circles, he did a lot of work for Soviet cultural construction. However, various problems in the Soviet Union in the 1930s kept him at a certain distance from Stalin and real politics.
1June, 93618th, Gorky died at the age of 68.
Extended data
A short story about Gorky:
1, there are too many people
Gorky got lost while traveling. In the evening, he went to a small village on the border of China. It is snowing all over the sky. He was too cold to stand up, so he knocked on the farmer's door and asked for accommodation. An old lady asked loudly in the room, "Who are you?" Gorky said, "Alexei Macsimovici is very strange. Peter Skoff! " "There are too many people!" The old lady slammed the newly opened door and simply refused.
2. Gorky research.
Gorky studied hard and flogged for more than ten hours every day when he was a child. But even living such a life, he always seizes every minute to read. The shopkeeper forbade him to read, so he tried his best to get books and hid them in the attic and storage room. In the evening, he reads by moonlight or homemade small lights. Without candles, he collected wax oil from the old candle tray, put it in a jar, injected some lamp oil, and rolled a wick with cotton thread to read.
When he was a worker in a bakery, he set up a temporary bookshelf on the kneading table with a broken stick, kneading dough and reading books. Once, the boss went in to watch him read a book, trying to take it away and throw it into the fire. Gorky grabbed the boss's arm and shouted angrily, "Don't you dare burn that book!" " "The boss shouted. Surveillance and intimidation did not stop Gorky from learning, but strengthened his belief in self-study.
Gorky: There is always a silver lining behind the dark clouds.
On one occasion, Gorky was absorbed in reading when he was boiling water. He didn't realize that the water had boiled, so the tea urn burned out. This is a disaster. The fierce woman grabbed a pine branch and called Gorky. She scolded Gorky and beat him black and blue, so she had to call a doctor. Gorky's body was black and blue, with blood oozing from some places and wooden thorns in his meat. The doctor pulled out twelve wooden thorns from his back and encouraged Gorky to report with indignation.
The hostess was afraid at this time. She was afraid that Gorky would sue her for abuse. Immediately, he changed his poor face and said, "Son! As long as you don't report me, I will agree to whatever conditions you ask. " "Do you keep your word?" "yes." The hostess said helplessly. "As long as you allow me to study after work, I won't tell on you." The hostess reluctantly agreed. In this way, Gorky has a glimmer of hope in every cloud, and at the expense of suffering, he has got the right to study in his spare time.
Gorky's famous saying:
The more books you read, the closer you get to the world, the more you understand the meaning of life and the more important it is. ? Gorky
The achievements of scientists are the property of all mankind, and science is the most selfless field. ? Gorky
Genius comes from diligence. Gorky
Truth is a tool for understanding things and a ladder for people to move forward. Truth comes from human labor. ? Gorky
Love books, it will make your life easier: it will help you understand complex thoughts, feelings and events in a friendly way; It will teach you to respect others and yourself; It will inspire wisdom and soul by loving the world and human feelings. Gorky
Ideals can bring joy to the unfortunate people in the world. ? Gorky
Love labor. No power can make people great and wise like the power of labor, which is collective, friendly and free. ? Gorky
On the basis of attaching importance to labor and respecting workers, we may create our own new morality. Labor and science are the two greatest forces in the world. ? Gorky
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Gorky