Exercise:

1. Fill in the blanks:

1. The author of "The Biography of Celebrities" is a famous ( ) writer in ( ) country in the first half of the 20th century ( ). He is a Chinese realist writer renowned in the international literary world in the 20th century. He was a great democrat and humanitarian, known as the "Conscience of Europe". Another of their novels ( ) won the 1915 Nobel Prize for Literature.

[Reference answer] (Law, Humanism; Romain Rolland; Law, "John Christophe").

2. "Biographies of Celebrities" describes the suffering and troubled lives of three celebrities: ( ) Chinese musician ( ), ( ) Chinese painter and sculptor ( ), ( ) Chinese writer ( ), and praises Their noble character and tenacious fighting spirit.

[Reference answer] (Germany) (Beethoven), (Italy) (Michelangelo), (Russian) (Leo Tolstoy)

3. "The Biography of Beethoven" is Romain Rolland's favorite work and has always been regarded as a classic in the field of literature. From its first publication to the present, its unique value has made "people seem to find a new support point in it", so it is Named one of the "30 best books of all time". Romain Rolland's ( ) is a novel based on Beethoven.

[Reference answer] ("Johann, Christoph")

4. ( ) is the most profound and majestic of Beethoven's works, embodying the musician's lifelong efforts .

[Reference answer] ("Ninth Symphony"

5. Tolstoy's famous works include novels: ( ), ( ), ( )

[Reference Answer] ("War and Peace"), ("Anna Karenina"), ("Resurrection")

6. Mencius, the Chinese sage, said: "Heaven will give you great tasks. To deal with such people, one must first work hard on one's mind and body..." This is deeply reflected in the three protagonists of "The Biography of Celebrities". Please take one of them as an example and talk about how he embodies Mencius in his actions. This sentence. (Required to write the name of the person and specific examples, no less than 30 words)

[Reference answer] Beethoven was not only short and ugly, but also suffered from serious illness, which later developed into his ears. He is deaf. But this self-esteemed musician still believes, "No one can defeat me, I will hold on to the throat of fate." With extraordinary perseverance and fighting spirit, he engaged in music creation and wrote "No. "Nine Symphonies" and other handed down works.

7. In the West, when it comes to famous biographers, the first thing people cite is the ancient Greek historian Brudak, who wrote "Biography of Famous People" and a German musician. Beethoven accidentally read this book and found the spiritual comfort that could help him endure the pain of illness and overcome the pain. Romain Rolland was inspired by this, and he planned to write a set of biographies of great people to comfort and encourage those unfortunate people. Cheer up, fight against fate, and transform society from the perspectives of ( ) and ( )

[Reference answer] (spiritual) and (moral)

8. French writer Romain. ?Roland's "Biography of Celebrities" includes three biographies of "Beethoven", ( ) and ( ). Among them, ( ) (name) suffered from deafness.

[Reference Answer] ("M. "Cairo"), ("Tolstoy") (Beethoven)

9. Please write the corresponding content on the horizontal lines below based on the extracurricular reading masterpieces recommended in the "Teaching Syllabus" .

Reading " " (name), I learned (content):

[Reference answer] Example: Reading "Biography of Famous People", I learned: German musician Beethoven His life was full of suffering, but he turned his sufferings into pieces of cheerful music and dedicated them to the world.

10. Please outline a typical example of one of the celebrities.

[Reference answer] Example: On May 7, 1824, the first concert of the "Ninth Symphony" was held in Vienna and achieved unprecedented success. When Beethoven, who was profoundly deaf, came on the stage, he was greeted with five warm applauses from the audience. Beethoven was so moved that he fainted after the performance.

11. Romain Rolland's "Biographies of Famous People" are three biographies written for musicians ( ), sculptors ( ), and writers ( ). The most common characteristics of these three people are:

[Reference answer] (Biography of Beethoven), Michelangelo) (Tolstoy) [Answer]: All three of them are great figures in human history. People who are extremely talented and create great things. Their lives are rich and colorful, their works are profound and magnificent, and their influence lasts for generations.

12. In Beethoven’s letter to Mrs. Eldodi, there are two sentences that have become the motto of all brave people today. They are ( ).

[Reference answer] ("Only pain can lead to happiness").

13. There is a statue of a prophet. The sketch was drawn very early, but no one dared to take over it. Michelangelo successfully completed this great work. It is ( ).

[Reference answer] ("Dawei").

14. Michelangelo’s only work that remained in his studio in Florence until his death was: ( )

[Reference Answer] ("The Victor")

15. "The Biography of Beethoven" also includes: ( ).

[Reference answers] (doctor's orders, letters, and thoughts).

16. “The face is long, thick and rough, and the hair is very short and covered forward, making the forehead appear low. The two small eyes are sunk deep in the dark sockets, staring at others sternly, The nose is flat and broad, the lips are thick and forward, and the ears are big. "This is a description of ( )'s appearance.

[Reference answer] (Tolstoy)

17. The head is round, the forehead is square, protruding, full of wrinkles, and the hair is black... small and sad but It has very keen eyes, dark brown in color, but with some blue-brown and yellow-brown spots, and the color often changes. "It is a description of ( )'s appearance.

[Reference answer] (Michelangelo)

18. "Short and stout, with a strong frame of an athlete. A broad, khaki face...a raised, wide forehead...his eyes sparkled with a magical power that shocked everyone who saw him. " is a description of the appearance of ( ).

[Reference answer] (Beethoven)

19. Beethoven’s first piece of music truly composed for the revolution is ( )

[Reference Answer] ("Fifth Symphony")

20. Tolstoy's favorite ancient Chinese philosopher is: ( ). ( ) is an autobiographical work. : ( ), ( ), ( ).

[Reference answer] ("Diary of a Madman") ("War and Peace", "Anna Karenina", "Resurrection"). .

2. Short answer questions

1. What kind of book is "Celebrity"?

[Reference answer] "The Biography" is Romain Rolland's earliest famous biography in the literary world. It truly describes the troubled lives and arduous creations of three art masters, Beethoven, Michelangelo and Tolstoy, and shows the great minds of the art masters.

2. What themes does "Celebrity Biography" mainly reveal?

[Reference answer] A great genius must fight unyieldingly against a vulgar and hostile society before he can win and complete the creative cause of genius.

3. What was the greatest pain in Beethoven's life? What is the greatest happiness?

[Reference Answer] The greatest pain in Beethoven’s life was that he was deaf as a musician and composer; the greatest happiness was that he overcame pain and created the Ninth Symphony that embraced joy.

4． What is the purpose of the author appending the "Heiligen Testament" after "Beethoven"?

[Reference answer] It increases the authenticity of the "citation" of the biography, and it is also an impact between Beethoven's painful life and the reader's soul.

5. What themes and themes does "Beethoven" focus on in terms of conception and conception?

[Reference answer] The author closely follows "Open the window! Let the free air come in again! Breathe the heroic atmosphere."

6. In "The Life of Michelangelo", why does the author regard the character's pain as an important plot? Is this pain made up by the author out of thin air?

[Reference answer] It is not a fiction out of thin air, but is absorbed from historical facts. In order to show the full greatness of the character's heroic spirit, its appeal lies in overcoming pain and overcoming pain. , this is the purpose of using pain as the plot.

7. In "The Life of Michelangelo", the author writes about the many sculptures completed by the sculptor. What unique characteristics can be seen in Michelangelo's sculptures?

[Reference answer] Michelangelo’s works express unique male majestic and dramatic structures, and are also fresh in form beyond the times, so they are highly respected by the world.

8． What two aspects of the artistic giant does Romain Rolland explore in The Life of Michelangelo?

[Reference answer] First, it is the pain and suffering - all the sufferings brought to him by the times and society; second, it is the short-term carnival that his artistic creation brought him.

9． Please talk about Tolstoy's artistic outlook in conjunction with "The Biography of Tolstoy".

[Reference answer] Tolstoy believes that art is not the property of a class; it is not a skill, it is an expression of true sentiments; art should eradicate rape, and its mission is to rule with love Everything; only that which works for unity is true art.

10． Please talk about Tolstoy's views on women in conjunction with "The Biography of Tolstoy".

[Reference answer] He opposed modern feminism, praised good wives and mothers, and believed that a brave wife should be her husband's assistant rather than an obstacle to his work.

11. What is the purpose of "The Life of Tolstoy"? Where is the author's focus?

[Reference answer] The purpose is to praise heroism; it focuses on commenting on Tolstoy's thoughts and creations, and it is a critical biography of literary creation.

12． Talk about your views on Tolstoy's greatness based on "The Biography of Tolstoy".

[Reference answer] Tolstoy has been doing good all his life, pursuing sincere and broad love, and hating the painful people's life. Therefore, many of his works are the reproduction of his belief in love and spiritual morality. Tolstoy's greatness lies in his sincere, kind and philanthropic heart.

3. Reading Questions

(1)

Those I call heroes are not those who dominate with their thoughts or strength; they are those who are great only by their souls. people. As the greatest of them all, the man whose career we are about to narrate, said: "I recognize no mark of superiority except kindness." Without great character, there can be no great man, even There are no great artists, no great actors; there are only empty idols for the base masses: time will destroy them all. What does success or failure matter? The main thing is to be great, not to appear great.

The lives of the people in these biographies are almost always a long-term suffering.

Either their tragic fate puts their souls in physical and mental suffering, on the anvil of poverty and disease; or they witness their compatriots suffering nameless humiliation and disaster, but they live for it and feel for it in their hearts. Living a life of hardship; although they became great because of their perseverance, they also became great because of disasters. So unfortunate people! Do not complain too much, for the best of mankind is with you. Let's draw on their courage as our nourishment; if we are too weak, let's rest our heads on their laps for a while. They will comfort us. In these sacred hearts, a clear force and strong love flowed out like a torrent. You don’t even need to inquire about their works or listen to their voices. You can see in their eyes and their words that life has never been so great, so full, so happy as when it was in trouble.

1. Fill in the words on the following lines in order. The most appropriate one is (A)

Or the tragic fate that separated their souls between body and spirit. ______ in suffering, ______ on the anvil of poverty and disease, or witnessing fellow citizens suffering nameless humiliation and disaster, and their lives are ______ and their hearts are ______.

A. Torture, exercise, kill, break into pieces B． Exercise, torture, break, kill

C． Kill, torture, exercise, break up D． Fragment, harm, torture, exercise

2. How to understand the sentence "The main thing is to become great, not to appear great"?

[Reference answer] "Becoming great" relies on greatness of mind, and "appearing great" relies on ruling the roost through thought and strength.

3. They "also became great because of disasters". What is the meaning of "disasters" making them "become great"?

[Reference answer] It is because perseverance is tempered in disasters and great kindness is shown.

4. How to understand the meaning of the sentence "If we are too weak, let us rest our heads on their laps for a while. They will comfort us"?

[Reference answer] vividly expresses the supreme comfort and inspiration of the heroic spirit to us ordinary people.

(2)

He lives in isolation and is self-isolated. Only nature can give him some comfort. Therese de Braunschweig said, "Nature is his only confidant" and his refuge. Carl Nutter, who met him in 1851, said that he had never seen a person who loved flowers, grass, clouds and nature as much as he did. He seemed to live by these. Beethoven himself wrote: "No one in the world loves the fields as much as I do... I love a tree more than a person..." - When he was in Vienna, he would walk around the city wall every day. From dawn to night, he walked alone in the fields, without a hat, in the sun or in the rain.

1. The selected article is from "The Biography of Famous People", and the author is the French writer Romain Rolland.

2. Beethoven’s life in the passage is painful, and only nature can give him some comfort. From the entire work of "The Biography of Famous People", we can know that during this period, Beethoven’s greatest What is pain?

Beethoven was completely deaf at this time.

3. List one of Beethoven's musical works and talk about your inspiration from reading "Beethoven's Biography".

[Reference answers] "Moonlight Sonata", "Sonata Fantasy", "Eroica Symphony", etc. Beethoven was born in a poor family. He dropped out of school at the age of thirteen. He took on the burden of the family at the age of seventeen. He just emerged in the music world at the age of twenty-five and began to lose his hearing. In life, he has always been unfortunate. Due to poverty and disability, his emotional life is full of misery and regret... However, all the hardships only made him stronger. He defeated the disease, defeated the pain, and defeated all Ordeal! We should learn from his strong will.

(3)

In this heroic team, I give the first place to the strong and pure Beethoven.

In the midst of his pain, he once wished that his example could support other victims, "I hope that unfortunate people will see a similarly unfortunate victim trying his best to become a person worthy of being a human being, regardless of natural obstacles." It can be used to masturbate." After many years of superhuman struggle and effort, overcoming his sufferings and accomplishing what he called the great cause of "bragging to poor mankind", the victorious Promander answered a friend who mentioned God to him. When he said: "Oh, man, you should help yourself!"

1. What is the most important reason why the author wants to "give the chief to the strong and pure Beethoven"?

[Reference answer] Beethoven masturbated and helped himself in a lonely struggle, and achieved outstanding achievements through superhuman struggle and hard work.

2. Why is Beethoven called "Promande"?

[Reference answer] Because Promander is the mythical god of fire, the original creator of human civilization. Beethoven's "self-help" struggle inspires and inspires people who fight alone in suffering, which is equivalent to the creation of a new human civilization.

3. Talk about your understanding of Beethoven’s famous saying, “Man, help yourself.”

[Reference answer] Everyone will encounter various hardships and setbacks on the road of life, and there is no savior in this world. The only one who can really help you get out of trouble is yourself. Therefore, we cannot wait for others to lend a helping hand, but must rely on our own struggle and struggle to gain freedom.

(4) Li Xiaofei especially likes to read biographies of famous people. Once, when she was reading "The Biography of Famous People" by French writer Romain Rolland, the teacher asked her three questions. Li Xiaofei's answers not only praised the teacher, but also won warm applause from the whole class. Can you answer these three questions asked by the teacher?

(1) What is another title of "The Biography of Celebrities"? Which celebrity biographies does she include?

(2) Among the three celebrities in the biography, one is a musician, the other is a sculptor and painter, and the other is a novelist. How did the author write biographies for them?

(3) What inspiration did "The Biography of Celebrities" give you?

[Reference answer] (1) "The Biography of Famous People", also known as "The Three Biography of the Giant"; including "The Biography of Beethoven", "The Biography of Tolstoy" and "The Biography of Michelangelo" Biography of a Hero”.

(2) Example: There is no trivial review of the biography of the protagonist, nor a general tracing of their creative process, but a tight grasp of these three people in their respective fields. The similarities between the artists focus on depicting their long-term suffering in pursuit of truth and justice, and in order to create immortal masterpieces that can express truth, goodness and beauty on the journey of life's hardships and hardships.

(3) Example: The author uses touching pen and ink to write about the noble courage and responsibility of Beethoven, Tolstoy and Michelangelo in fighting against fate in their respective environments. The great feelings of suffering, what I draw from the lives of these great men is the strength of survival and the courage to fight.

5. Participation activities: The class holds a reading activity "I Make Friends with Famous Characters". Please choose one of the following five characters, first write which famous book by which writer he comes from, and then combine The content of the famous book briefly explains the reasons for making friends with him.

Alternate characters: Xiangzi, Robinson, Gulliver, Beethoven, Alyosha

(1) Works: 　　; Writer (2) Reasons:

［ Reference answers] (1) Example: "How Steel Was Tempered"; Ostrovsky. (2) I would like to make friends with Zhu Helai. He is the main character in "How the Steel Was Tempered". The reason why I would like to make friends with him: He is a member of the Bolshevik Party and a friend of Paul Korchagin. The first guide was calm, capable and rich in organizational skills. He inspired and guided a large number of young people like Paul to participate in revolutionary activities. He is worth learning from.

6. (2006 Hebei Provincial High School Entrance Examination Question) "The Biography of Celebrities" is an extracurricular reading recommended by the "Chinese Curriculum Standards". Based on your reading of this famous book, answer the following questions.

This masterpiece is the work of a famous French writer. It narrates the suffering and troubled lives of Beethoven, Leo Tolstoy, and praises their noble character and tenacious fighting spirit.

[Reference answer] Romain Rolland Michelangelo (Ji) Luo

7. (2006 Hebei Provincial High School Entrance Examination Questions)

Please give a summary of "Celebrities" A typical example of a celebrity in "The Biography".

[Answer] Example: On May 7, 1824, the first concert of the "Ninth Symphony" was held in Vienna and achieved unprecedented success. When Beethoven, who was profoundly deaf, came on the stage, he was greeted with five warm applauses from the audience. Beethoven was so moved that he fainted after the performance.

8. (2006 Anhui Province Curriculum Reform Zone High School Examination Questions) You must have read many Chinese and foreign literary masterpieces. Please choose one from the list of masterpieces provided below and fill in the reading information card as required. .

Bibliography: "Biography of Celebrities", "Gulliver's Travels", "Water Margin", "Stars and Spring Water"

Reading information card

Works

Author

Main content

Note: The "main content" should be about 30 words.

[Reference answer] "Celebrity Biography" Romain Rolland This book describes the suffering and ups and downs of Beethoven and other artists, and eulogizes these heroes with great hearts.

"Gulliver's Travels" Swift's book describes the protagonist Gulliver's experience of living in Lilliput and other places, and satirizes various ugly phenomena in society at that time.

"Water Margin" Shi Naian's book describes the process of the peasant uprising led by Song Jiang in the late Northern Song Dynasty, and expresses the theme of "officials forcing the people to rebel".

"Stars·Spring Water" Bing Xin's book uses short and rich poems to sing the praises of maternal love, innocence and beautiful nature.

After Reading

"Biography of Famous People" is composed of "The Biography of Beethoven", "The Biography of Michelangelo" and "The Biography of Tolstoy" by the famous French writer Romain Rolland. They were all created in the early twentieth century and had a wide impact both at the time and in later generations. In these three biographies, Romain Rolland firmly grasped the similarities between these three artists in their respective fields, and focused on depicting their long-term suffering in pursuit of truth, goodness and beauty.

The book writes about three famous figures in the world. The first is the German composer: Beethoven; the other is the talented Italian sculptor: Michelangelo; and the last is the famous Russian writer: Tolstoy.

The most touching thing in this "Celebrity Biography" is the story of Beethoven. Beethoven was a musical genius. His talent was discovered by his father very early. Unfortunately, Beethoven's father was not a good father. He asked Beethoven to practice piano every day, regardless of his mood. They kept training him, and sometimes even put Beethoven and a violin in a room and locked him up for a whole day, using violence to force him to learn music. Beethoven's childhood was very miserable. His mother died when he was sixteen, and his father became a spendthrift alcoholic. These misfortunes pressed on Beethoven's head, leaving deep scars in his heart, which also led to his bad temper and eccentricity. But Beethoven did not sink because of this. He devoted all his energy to the music career he loved. Because of his talent and hard work, he soon became famous. When he was immersed in the happiness that music brought him, something unfortunate happened again: he became deaf. For a musician, the most important thing is his ears. However, a great musician like Beethoven, who made a living from music, has deaf ears. This blow is unacceptable to ordinary people.

Beethoven’s life was tragic and troubled, but why was he still successful? Why can he do things that normal people can't do? This got me thinking deeply.

I think the reason why Beethoven succeeded was because he had extraordinary perseverance and fighting spirit. He had no fear in the face of difficulties. This is the secret of his success. In daily life, when we encounter difficulties, we often think of asking others for help instead of facing the difficulties head-on and making up our minds to solve them. As for Beethoven, because of his weird temper, no one wanted to be friends with him. Therefore, when he faced difficulties, he could only fight alone. Although I am very lonely, I have learned something that others cannot learn: as long as you give yourself infinite courage, you can defeat even the most terrifying enemy.

Romain Rolland called them "heroes" and wrote about their noble courage to fight against fate and their great feelings to bear the suffering of all mankind in touching words. As early as the 1930s and 1940s of the 20th century, In the 1990s, it was translated into Chinese by Mr. Fu Lei, a famous translator in my country. The inspiration he got from "The Biography of Celebrities" is: "Only real suffering can drive away the suffering of romantic Dick's fantasy; only heroic tragedy that overcomes suffering can Help us bear the cruel fate; only by holding the spirit of 'If I don't go to hell, who will go to hell', can we save a depressed and selfish nation..."

So, for today's readers, What can "Celebrity Biography" give us? In an era where material life is extremely rich but spiritual life is relatively poor, in a society where people avoid the sublime, bid farewell to the sublime and settle for mediocrity, "The Biography of Celebrities" may give us more embarrassment, because the careers of these giants are like A bright mirror makes our despicableness and insignificance clearly visible. At the end of "The Life of Michelangelo", Romain Rolland said that a great soul is like a high mountain, "I don't say that ordinary human beings can survive on the peak. But once a year they should go up and pay homage. There, they can Change the breath in their lungs and the blood flow in their veins. There, they will feel closer to eternity. Later, they will return to the vast plains of life, filled with the courage to fight every day." For our time, this is the truth.

"Biography of Celebrities" confirms an ancient Chinese saying: Those who have achieved great things in ancient and modern times must not only have extraordinary talents, but also must have perseverance. Beethoven's "Find shelter in sadness and forbearance", Michelangelo's "The more I suffer, the more I like it", Tolstoy's "I cry, I am in pain, I just want the truth", all show that great life is An endless battle. Our era is ever-changing and full of opportunities. We long for success, but we don’t want to struggle. What we want is overnight success. Impetuousness and eagerness for quick success may make us achieve short-lived achievements, but it will never make us among the immortals among mankind.