Tao Li bu Yan
Li Guang, a famous soldier in the Western Han Dynasty, was brave and good at fighting. After Wendi, Jingdi and Wudi, he made great achievements. Xiongnu Khan admired him very much and was also modest and kind to his subordinates. The Western Han government didn't attach great importance to Li Guang, who was forced to commit suicide in his 60s. Many subordinates and people he didn't know automatically shed tears for him, and Sima Qian praised him for "keeping a peach and a plum without saying anything is the way to create one's own."
The real intention of speaking and acting doesn't mean
Idiom story: In 208 BC (late Qin Dynasty and early Han Dynasty), Xiang Yu led 400,000 troops to Xianyang and was blocked by Liu Bang's defenders. Xiang Bo invited Liu Bang to dinner at Hongmen. After Liu Bang arrived at Hongmen, Xiang Yu designed Xiang Zhuang's sword dance with the intention of killing Liu Bang. Xiang Bo also used swords to entertain and protect Liu Bang in every way. Liu Bang's subordinate Fan Kuai rushed into the camp to protect Liu Bang, and Liu Bang took the opportunity to escape.
Cut off all retreat
The source "Historical Records of Xiang Yu": "Xiang Yu got the reward, led the troops to cross the river, all sank, broke the kettle, burned the house, and gave three meals to show that the soldiers were all dead, and no one returned."
In 209 BC, a peasant uprising led by Chen Sheng and Guangwu broke out in the history of China. After the sacrifice of Chen Sheng and Guangwu, the two armies led by Liu Bang and Xiang Yu gradually grew up. In 207 BC, the rebel army of Xiang Yu and the main force of Qin Jun led by Zhang Han, the general of Qin Dynasty, fought in Julu (now Xingtai, Hebei). Xiang Yu, not afraid of strong enemies, led his troops across Zhangshui (a river where Julu flows northeast to southeast). After crossing the river, Xiang Yu ordered the whole army: "Anyone who sinks a ship, breaks a cauldron, burns down houses, and leaves three rations to show that the foot soldiers will die, and no one will return to their hearts." In World War I, Julu defeated Qin Jun and Xiang Bing.
"Paying for a job and tasting courage" is a well-known story in China. According to legend, Gou Jian, the King of Yue in the Spring and Autumn Period, encouraged himself by hanging a gallbladder in the house to try it while sitting and lying down, so as not to forget the pain of humiliation. Sleep on firewood instead of bed and bedding to avoid forgetting the pain of national subjugation. After so many years of tempering, Yue finally became strong and defeated Wu. However, when did the allusion of "sleeping on a laurel tree" begin? According to books about wuyue's historical materials, there are detailed records about Gou Jian, the king of Yue, and Fu Cha, the king of Hao, in Zuo Zhuan during the Warring States Period, but there is no record of Gou Jian's employment. Another book written during the Warring States period, Mandarin, did not have Gou Jian's hard work. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, in Yue Jue Shu and Wu Yue Chun Qiu, only in Biography of Gou Jian after Returning to China, Gou Jian said that he was "hanging on the door for others to taste and eat nonstop", but there was no such thing as "lying on the salary". As an idiom, it was first seen in the playful letter "Imitating Sun Quan's Answer to Cao Cao's Book" written by Su Shi, a great writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. It is speculated that Sun Quan once "tasted courage" when he gained a foothold in the Three Kingdoms, but this has nothing to do with Gou Jian. In Zuo's Family Biography in the Southern Song Dynasty, Fu Cha, the king of Wu, sat on his salary, but only sat on his salary, not lying on his salary, only Fu Cha, not Gou Jian. Jaco in the Ming Dynasty also called Fu Cha "daring when he acceded to the throne" in On the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Although he did, he also mentioned Fuzha tea. Later, in Zhen's Opera Temple in April, Notes on Ancient and Modern Times and Huang Ri Copy, Gou Jian began to say that he was "paying for his work". At the end of the Ming Dynasty, in the script of "The Story of Huansha" written by Liang Chenyu, Gou Jian's "Sleeping on his laurels" was regarded as a legend and rendered. Feng Menglong also talked many times about Gou Jian's "sleeping on his salary and tasting bravery" in the history of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. In the early Qing Dynasty, Wu Chengquan's "Zhi Yi Lu Jian" also included the phrase "Gou Jian is against China, but suffers from hardships". Since then, the story of Gou Jian, the king of Yue, has spread more and more widely and become an idiom allusion of China.
The essence of this idiom is deciduous shrubs, which are four or five feet high and have hard stems, and can be used as sticks. Carrying a scepter on his back, pleading guilty to the parties. Describe taking the initiative to admit mistakes, apologize and severely punish yourself.
This idiom comes from Historical Records. Biographies of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru. Hearing this, Lian Po was naked and humbled. Because the guest went to Lin Xiangru's door to apologize, he said, "I didn't know the general was so lenient!" A pawn is happy and an awkward friend.
During the Warring States Period, King Huiwen of Zhao made some achievements in Lin Xiangru's diplomacy, and worshipped Lin Xiangru as Shangqing, ranking above General Lian Po. Lian Po was unhappy, and felt that he had made a great contribution, unconvinced. He threatened to insult Lin Xiangru to his face. When Xiang Ru knew it, he didn't want to compete with Lian Po for priority, so he took care to avoid Lian Po and the fashion sickness in court, so as to avoid it. On one occasion, when Lin Xiangru went out by car, he saw Lian Po's car coming from a distance and quickly asked his men to drive to an alley to escape. People who think Xiang Ru is afraid of Lian Po are very angry. Lin Xiangru explained to them, "Qin is so powerful that I am not afraid. What's so terrible about General Lian? Therefore, I think that the reason why today's Tuqin dare not fight with our Zhao easily is only because Zhao has me and General Lian. If General Lian and I can't live in harmony, attack each other and fight like tigers, and as a result, a tiger is injured, and Qin takes the opportunity to invade Zhao. I avoided General Lian because I put national security first, regardless of personal grievances. "
Lin Xiangru's words greatly touched his people. People who are like each other also learn from Lin Xiangru, and are humble to people in Lian Po. This matter reached the ears of Lian Po, and Lian Po was deeply moved by Xiangru's generosity and felt even more ashamed. So he took off his coat, tied a crutch to his back, and asked someone to take it to Xiangrujia to confess, and said sadly; "I am a rough and shallow person. I can't believe the general is so tolerant of me. "
Lin Xiangru saw that Lian Po was sincere, so he personally took off his scepter and asked him to sit down. The two men were honest. From then on, they vowed to live and die together and became best friends.
Liu bang bears a grudge
Liu Bangxiang, Emperor Gaozu, was famous for his generosity, open-mindedness and understanding.
Liu Bang has four brothers, and his eldest brother Liu Bo died at an early age.
When Liu Bang was a civilian, he idled around all day, drunk and lusted, and made friends with a group of gangsters. Liu Bang often takes these people to his sister-in-law's house for dinner. Sister-in-law hates this brother-in-law very much.
Once, my brother-in-law brought a group of no three no four people to rub rice, and my sister-in-law deliberately scraped the pot with a spoon and pretended to finish the soup. Liu Bang's buddy left. Liu bang secretly went to check and found that there was soup in the pot, and he hated his sister-in-law from then on.
Liu bang finally became emperor, and all his brothers and relatives were enfeoffed, except for the eldest brother's son. The emperor's father asked why, and the king said plausibly, "I didn't forget to seal him, because his mother is so unlike an elder." Emperor Taizong pleaded repeatedly, and Liu Bangcai named his eldest brother's son "Tang Jie" (meaning "scrape").