network diagram
One night during the Jiajing period, in the bedroom of Prince Li of Liaodong, a page was washing his feet and saw three sores on the soles of his feet. Li proudly said, "My good luck and official luck are in these three boils!" " That page says, "I have seven ulcers on the soles of my feet." Why can't I have good luck and official luck? "Li contacted the folklore that there would be a real dragon with seven stars on its feet, and immediately thought of killing him to compete with the Ming Dynasty. Li's concubine has always liked this page. When she learned that Li had this plan, she told him to run for his life overnight. This narrow escape is the Manchu hero Nurhachi.
A jurchen who has been bullied.
Jurchen has a long history, living in the northeast, going south to the Central Plains and establishing the Jin Dynasty. After the downfall of the Jin Dynasty, the Jurchen nationality was almost extinct, and only the tribes living in the old places in Northeast China continued. Jurchen in Liaodong in Ming Dynasty was divided into three parts: Haixi, Jianzhou and Savage, and Nurhachi belonged to the relatively advanced Jianzhou Department. At that time, various departments of Jurchen fought for a long time, bullying and being scattered. In the Ming Dynasty, in order to avoid Nuzhen being strong, whoever was strong would be beaten or incited to fight with each other. Many famous leaders were taboo by the Ming court and were attacked and killed.
At that time, Li, who was guarding Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty, was a famous star along with Qi Jiguang. Nomadic tribes, large and small, whether in Europe or in one-on-one combat, are invincible in his hands. Jurchen Li Can was described as abusing anything she wanted, always entering the camp, "killing all men, women and children." Many jurchen can only hide in the mountains to survive, and the young Nurhachi is taken by Li as a child servant. Even North Korea bullies Nuzhen. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the castle of the Li Dynasty was always nailed to the edge territory of Jurchen, and Jurchen could only retreat step by step with regret and tears, giving up a large area of land south of Yalu River and Tumen River. After growing up, Nuerhachi gradually annexed other tribes of Jurchen and began the action of unifying Jurchen. The Ming Dynasty and North Korea, which regarded Jurchen as a potential threat, were about to send troops to attack each other, only to be interrupted by a sudden disaster.
Toyotomi Hideyoshi's ambition
/kloc-At the end of 0/6, the Warring States period, which was conquered by Japan, has just ended, and Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who is full of ambition, is determined to make great efforts in a wider space than Japan. He planned to conquer Korea first, then conquer China with Korea as a springboard, and finally hit India to establish an Asian empire. In 592, Toyotomi Hideyoshi sent 200,000 troops to North Korea, and the offensive was fierce all the way. The Korean army, which had not been baptized by war for many years, was defeated. In just two months, all the 18 expressways in the three capitals of North Korea fell. Hanwang fled to the Yalu River and asked for help from the Ming Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty was in an uproar, and the arrogance and ambition of the Japanese completely angered Ming Shenzong, who lived in the palace. At his command, the slightly old and rusty imperial machine suddenly ran at high speed. In just a few months, the most elite 100 thousand troops were dispatched, and Li, the son of Li, was responsible for aiding Korea.
network diagram
The news that the Ming Empire sent troops was like thunder, which frightened the Japanese army on the Korean peninsula. In just four months, the Ming army swept thousands of miles across the peninsula. From then on, the Japanese army was frightened by the strength of the fighting capacity of the Ming army. Fifty thousand people were holed up in Seoul, unable to retreat, and surrounded by more than thirty thousand Ming troops. Only a 700-man Ming army death squad can go deep into the hinterland of Japan and burn down 13 granaries overnight. While seeking peace and delaying time for the Ming army, Japan urgently recruited reinforcements, and the two sides were deadlocked. In 598, Toyotomi Hideyoshi died suddenly, and 65,438+10,000 Japanese troops were in a desperate situation in Korea. The Chinese and Korean troops took the opportunity to fight back and intercept the Japanese army in southern South Korea. On the sea, the knife was bloodshot and blazing. Rockets flew over warships, tens of thousands of Japanese soldiers were burned to death and drowned, and almost all ships were destroyed. The war is finally over.
Arrogant Ming Shenzong made an exception and rewarded the three armed forces at the noon gate, and like his younger brother, he warned korean king to try his best to rebuild the country. The relationship between the two countries is obviously more iron, but the growing shadow of Jurchen is also shrouded.
The Rise of the Post-Jin Dynasty
When Toyotomi Hideyoshi's army landed in North Korea, Nurhachi applied to the Ming Dynasty to lead the army to North Korea for emergency assistance, but it was unanimously rejected by the Ming Dynasty and North Korea. Some people worry that Nurhachi's power and prestige in various departments of Jurchen will expand rapidly because of his meritorious military service. Nurhachi, as a kind-hearted and vicious person, simply concentrates on developing his own strength. In the second year of Toyotomi Hideyoshi's invasion of Korea, Nuerhachi defeated her strongest rival, Hercynian Nuzhen. After more than 20 years of fighting, the ministries of Nuzhen were basically unified. 16 16, Nurhachi claimed to be the "Tiankhan State", with the title of Daikin, and was known as the "late Jin" in history, which became a nightmare that Daming hated but could not get rid of. Obviously, this is a fatal 20 years. How can the Ming Dynasty and North Korea sit idly by? This is Toyotomi Hideyoshi's fault. After a great war, both countries were weakened and there was nothing they could do.
In order to resist Japan and aid Korea, the Ming Dynasty "made every effort at home and abroad" and used hundreds of thousands of troops before and after, at a cost of nearly 8 million. The national finance is basically a pie in the sky, and the court even ordered officials to donate wages for emergency. In order to solve the financial crisis, Ming Shenzong sent mining tax officials everywhere, which made people miserable. When going to Korea to fight, Liaodong garrison was close and had strong fighting capacity, so it was naturally assigned first, which provided an opportunity for Nurhachi to annex various tribes. After the war, the Liaodong army suffered heavy losses, which directly affected its ability to suppress the late Jin Dynasty. Most of North Korea's territory was ravaged by the Japanese army, and the people were in poverty. After the war, the cultivated land area was less than one-third of that before the war, and the ensuing plague claimed millions of lives.
network diagram
In order to curb the expansion of the late Jin Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty invited 80-year-old Li to come out of the mountain. But Li not only lost his courage, but also gave up the strategic location established in his early years-Kuandian Liubao. Later generations criticized Li for raising tigers, and even suspected that he had an unusual relationship with Nurhachi. In fact, Liaodong troops are weak and unable to maintain border security. In order to reduce the cost of guarding the border, General Li had to make this decision.
16 19, the Ming dynasty decided to launch a large-scale war to attack the rulers. However, the combat effectiveness of the Ming army, which was lax in armaments, dropped sharply. Many soldiers refused to go out crying, and many generals cried and asked to be transferred. Within five days, Nurhachi defeated 654.38+200,000 Lu Mingjun people in Salhu. The armor of juniper juniper actually rusted and was pierced by a sharp arrow. 18' s arrow was shot dead. "The dead are everywhere, blood flows down the river, and the bodies of weapons flow down the Hunhe River, such as Jie Bing". Since then, Nurhachi has turned from defending to attacking, and the rule of the Ming Dynasty in Northeast China has collapsed.
1627, Huang taiji sent 30,000 troops, crossed the Yalu River and captured Pyongyang, forcing korean king to form a "brotherhood". 1636, Huang taiji led his troops all the way to Seoul, captured the princess, children and ministers of the king of South Korea, and forcibly formed an alliance with his subjects. Thirty years in Hedong, thirty years in Hexi, I don't know the moment when Wang Han went out of the city to surrender to Huang Taiji. Have you ever wondered how his former king treated these "barbarians"? 1644, the descendants of Nurhachi marched into the pass, conquered the entire Ming empire and created another dynasty that ruled China for more than 200 years.
Of course, history will never be so simple. There are too many reasons for the demise of the Ming Dynasty.