(a) 1. The literature from ancient China to Qin Shihuang's unification of China (221 BC) is called pre-Qin literature. 2. Myth came into being before the invention of writing. Myth is full of rich imagination, which is the source of China's romantic literature. 3. The most popular myths in China are "The goddess patching the sky", "Houyi shooting at the sun", "Jingwei reclaiming the sea" and "the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon". 4. Shangshu is the earliest collection of historical documents in China, and it is said that it was edited by Confucius. 5. The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China, with 35 pieces of music from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period. 6. The Songs of Chu was compiled by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty, and it contained the poems written by Qu Yuan and Song Yu. Because of its Chu local voice, it was called the Songs of Chu, which had a far-reaching influence on the literary creation of future generations. 7. Qu Yuan is a great patriotic poet in China. Li Sao is Qu Yuan's representative work and the only long lyric prose. 8. "It's a long way to go in Xiu Yuan, and I'll go up and down" is a famous sentence in Qu Yuan's Lisao. 9. Pre-Qin prose refers to the prose before the Qin Dynasty, which is divided into historical prose and various schools of thought prose. Zuo Zhuan and Warring States Policy are the representatives of historical prose in the pre-Qin period. The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Mozi and Zhuangzi are the representatives of the pre-Qin schools of thought. 1. Zuo Zhuan is China's first narrative historical work, which has made great achievements in history, literature and language. 11. The Analects of Confucius is a collection of prose with a recorded style, which records the words and deeds of Confucius and his students and is written by Confucius' students. This Confucian classic has a great influence on China culture. 12. "Isn't it a pleasure to have friends coming from afar?" (It is gratifying to have friends from afar), "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do" (you shouldn't let others do what you don't want to do), which is a famous saying in the Analects of Confucius. 13. Han Fu is a new literary form in the Han Dynasty. It is a poetic prose. 14. Jia Yi was an outstanding politician and writer in the early Western Han Dynasty. The most famous of his essays is the political essay "On the Qin Dynasty". 15. Sima Xiangru was an outstanding writer of Ci and Fu in the Western Han Dynasty. Zi Xufu and Shanglin Fu were his representative works. 16. Historical Records is a historical book written by Sima Qian, a famous historian in the Western Han Dynasty, and it is also a model of biographical literature. 17. Yuefu folk songs in Han Dynasty played an important role in the history of China's poetry development. Yuefu originally refers to the music organ established by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Later, people called the poems collected, sorted out and preserved by Yuefu organs Yuefu poems. 18. Peacock Flying Southeast is an outstanding long narrative poem of China in ancient times, which narrates the love tragedy of a young man and a woman, and is the peak of the development of narrative poems in Han Yuefu. 19. Nineteen Ancient Poems is a group of anonymous short poems in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty. It is the development of Yuefu folk songs and marks the maturity of five-character poetry skills. 2. During the Jian 'an period at the end of the Han Dynasty, a group of poems inherited the realistic spirit of folk songs in Han Yuefu, and had a unique style of "generosity and sadness", which was called "Jian 'an style". 21. The representative writers of Jian 'an literature are Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Zhi and his son, collectively known as "Three Caos". 22. "The old horse is crouching, the ambition is thousands of miles, and the martyrs are full of courage in their twilight years" is a famous sentence in Cao Cao's "Although the tortoise is long-lived", which shows the heroic mind of being old and strong. 23. Cai Yan, Moon Hee, was a poetess in Jian 'an period. Her five-word Poem of Sorrow and Anger shows the sufferings of the people caused by the political turmoil in the late Han Dynasty. 24. Ruan Ji was the writer with the highest literary achievement in the Zhengshi period, with 82 five-character poems, which were collectively named "Poems about the bosom". 25. Tao Yuanming was a great poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 317-42). His poems are called "pastoral poets" because of their idyllic and quiet life scenes. 26. Tao Yuanming's Poems of Peach Blossom Spring written in his later period marked a new height of his thought and art, and the poet put forward the social ideal of "Xanadu" here. 27. The lyric poem "Xizhou Qu" represents the highest achievement of folk songs in the Southern Dynasties (42-589 AD). 28. "The sky is grey, the wild is boundless, and the wind blows grass and cattle and sheep are low" is a poem in the northern folk song "Chile Song", which describes the scenery of the northern prairie. 29. "Mulan Poetry" is an outstanding masterpiece of folk songs in the Northern Dynasties, which describes the touching story of the heroine Hua Mulan joining the army instead of her father. 3. Xie Lingyun, a poet in the Southern Dynasties, was the pioneer of the school of landscape poetry. 31. Gan Bao's Search for the Gods is the representative of the strange novels in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. 32. Shi Shuo Xin Yu, written by Liu Yiqing, is a short essay that records the words, deeds and interesting stories of some characters in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. It is lively and concise. 33. Wen Xin Diao Long is a literary criticism work, which has a great influence on the literary criticism of future generations. 34. Zhong Rong's Shi Pin is a work of poetry criticism, which has a great influence on future generations' poetry criticism. 35. Poetry, prose and novels in the Tang Dynasty (618-97) were very developed, especially the Tang poetry. 36. There were many great poets in the Tang Dynasty, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Liu Yuxi, Li Shangyin and so on. 37. Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan, writers of the Tang Dynasty, launched the ancient prose movement. 38. The development of Tang poetry is generally divided into four stages: early Tang, prosperous Tang, middle Tang and late Tang. 39. There are more than 5, Tang poems that have spread to today, which is two or three times the sum of previous poems. 4. Poetry in Tang Dynasty can be divided into ancient style and modern style. There is no limit to the number of archaic sentences, and the level of each sentence is also more free. There are two kinds of near-aspect: metrical poems and quatrains. Rhythm is strict, each song is composed of four parts and eight sentences, and the middle should be opposite. There are rules for regular poems and quatrains. There are five words and seven words in ancient style and modern style. 41. The four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty were Lu Zhaolin, Luo Binwang, Wang Bo and Yang Jiong. 42. Wang Bo wrote the famous Preface to Tengwang Pavilion, in which "Sunset and lonely Qi Fei, autumn waters * * * sky is one color" is the most famous sentence. 43. At the age of seven, Luo Binwang wrote the famous poem "Ode to Goose": "Goose, Goose, Goose, Xiang Tiange with a crooked neck. White hair floats green water, and the red palm clears the waves. " 44. Chen Ziang was a famous poet after the four outstanding poets in the early Tang Dynasty. He opposed the beautiful style of the Six Dynasties and advocated the simple and elegant poetic style. 45. The famous pastoral landscape poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty were Meng Haoran and Wang Wei. Their poems show the magnificence of the motherland's mountains and rivers and the natural simplicity of the countryside, with pictures in them. 46. The famous frontier poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty were Gao Shi and Cen Can. Their poems show the frontier scenery of the motherland and the pioneering spirit of the Tang people. 47. Wang Changling is a famous poet who wrote seven-character quatrains, and "Out of the fortress" is one of his representative works: "The moon in the Qin Dynasty was closed in the Han Dynasty, but the people on the Long March were not returned. But making the Dragon City fly will be there, not calling Humadu Yinshan. " 48. Wang Zhihuan's "at heron lodge" is very famous. This poem goes like this: "mountains cover the white sun, and oceans drain the golden river. But you widen your view three hundred miles, by going up one flight of stairs. " Warn people to work harder after their achievements, so as to achieve higher ideals. 49. Li Bai, whose name is Taibai and whose name is Qinglian Jushi, is one of the most famous poets in the Tang Dynasty. When he was young, he visited many places in China and wrote many good poems that sang about the motherland. His poems are passionate and romantic, and his imagination is very rich. He is called "Poet Fairy". 1. The first poetess is Cai Yan (Moon Hee). 2. The first biographical general history: Historical Records. 3. The first dictionary is Erya. 4. The first encyclopedia is Yongle Grand Ceremony. 5. The first collection of poems is: The Book of Songs. 6. The first anthology is Zhao Ming's anthology. 7. The first dictionary is: Explaining words. 8. Strange Fiction Collection: Sou Shen Ji 11. The first recorded work: The Analects of Confucius 12. The first chronological history book is: Spring and Autumn 13. The first dynastic history: Han Shu 14. The first military book: Sun Tzu's Art of War 15. The article Two Sima in the Western Han Dynasty: Sima Qian. Sima Xiangru 16. Yuefu Shuangbi: Mulan word Peacock flies southeast, Add "Qin Fu Yin" as ...................................................................................................................................................................... : Zuo Chuan Gong Yang Chuan Gu Liang Chuan 24. Three Kings: Xia Yu Shang Tang Zhou Gong 25. Sanshan: Penglai Abbot Yingzhou 26. Three religions: Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism 27. Sangong: Zhou Si, Sima Situ Sikong, Western Han Dynasty, Prime Minister Tai Wei, Imperial Historian Qingming, Taishi Taifu Taibao 28. Sancao: Cao Cao Cao Pi Cao Zhi 29. Gong 'an Sanyuan: Yuan Zongdao Yuan Hongdao Yuan Zhongdao 3. Jiangnan Three Gu Lou: Hunan Yueyang Tower Wuchang Yellow Crane Tower Nanchang Tengwang Pavilion 31. Three friends in cold age: Song Zhumei 32. Sanfu: Zuo Fengyi, you Fufeng, Jing Zhaoyin 33. Scientific research Sanyuan: after having obtained the provincial exam, the exam will be held, and palace examination and Zi's first place (solution). No.1 Scholar) 34. palace examination Sandingjia: No.1 Scholar's Top 35. Three quintessences of China: Peking Opera, Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chinese Painting 36. Three words: Yu Shiming's words of warning the world, and his words of awakening the world (Feng Menglong) 37. Confucian classic three rites: Zhou Liyi's book of rites 38. Sanzang: Xin 'an official, Shi Hao official, Tongguan official 39. Sanbie: New wedding, don't be old, don't be homeless 4. Flowers of Xiangguo Tangdi 41. Mao Dun's "Erosion" Trilogy: Disillusionment and Shake Pursuit of Rural Trilogy: Spring Silkworm Harvest in Autumn and Winter Disappeared 42. Ba Jin's "Love" Trilogy: Fog, Rain and Electricity "Riptide" Trilogy: Home, Spring and Autumn 43. The first national history: Mandarin 44. The first album recording the words and deeds of advisers and strategists: National Policy and Warring States Policy 45. A great patriotic poet: Qu Yuan 47. The first long narrative poem: Peacock flies southeast (357 sentences, 1785 words) 48. The first monograph on literary criticism: Dian Lun Wen (Cao Pi) 49. The first pastoral poet: Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming 5. The first monograph on literary theory and criticism: Wen Xin Diao Long written by Liu Xie, a Liang person in the Northern and Southern Dynasties 51. The first monograph on poetic theory and criticism: Shi Pin written by Zhong Rong, a Liang person in the Northern and Southern Dynasties 52. The first popular science work, a comprehensive academic work written in notebook form: Meng Xi Bi Tan written by Shen Kuo in the Northern Song Dynasty 53. The first diary travel notes: Ming Dynasty.