Lao Tzu said:? Governing the country with righteousness and using troops with strangeness. ? So-called? Strange? Is a conspiracy, the so-called? Positive? It is an open plan. Conspiracy is a temporary strategy, and it can't be used after this time, and it can't be used if others find it; The open plan is a strategy for life, even for eternity. The other party knows it is a strategy, but they have to jump in it. Historically, military strategists are good at plotting, and commanders are used to plotting.

Zhuge Liang is a well-known conspirator. The empty plan scared off Sima Yi, and then scared off Sima Yi after his death, and by the way, he killed Wei Yan with malicious intentions. It seems that he is full of wisdom and tricks. However, Zhuge Liang did not complete the great cause of unifying the world in his life, nor did he expand the territory for Shu Han. Many of his schemes can only achieve tactical victory, but not strategic victory. Let's talk about the four great strategists in history and their four open schemes.

1 Yan Zi's two peaches kill three scholars

This one is put in the first place because its influence is the smallest, and the influence of the next three is increasing gradually. Qi was a big country with the surname of Jiang in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and was established by the descendants of Jiang Taigong. Because Qi paid special attention to rewarding the meritorious service, what was Jiang Taigong's strategy when he founded the country? Raise talents and make contributions? Therefore, it has always been a big problem for the worthies and heroes of the State of Qi to build a high reputation.

At that time of Yan Zi, there were three generals with high strength, outstanding achievements, heavy troops in their hands, tight-fisted friends, and high self-esteem, and they often ran amok in China. Yan Zi expressed great concern about this, but inherited it? Raise talents and make contributions? The traditional king of Qi trusted them very much. Yan Zi decided to get rid of them by himself, but they were heavily armed and had high martial arts skills. Yan Zi, a civilian, couldn't beat them. Yan Zi thought hard until the king of Lu visited the king of Qi and was accompanied by three generals.

The King of Qi asked Yan Zi to take off the most precious thing in Qi? Xiantao? To entertain the king of Lu, Yan Zi just picked a few peaches. After giving them to the king of Qi and the guests of Lu, there were only three left. According to his status, Yan Zi himself took one, but the remaining two peaches were given to the three generals. Gong Sunjie and Tian Kaijiang were quick to report their merits and took two peaches.

Gu Yezi, who made the greatest contribution, didn't eat peaches. He said? I'm the greatest contributor, but I'm humiliated in front of foreign guests. What's the point of living? ? So he drew his sword and killed himself. Although Gong Sunjie and Tian Kaijiang were insolent ministers, they were also very loyal people. Seeing that their good brothers committed suicide because they didn't have peaches to eat, they also committed suicide in shame. This is famous in history? Two peaches kill three scholars? .

among the three men killed by Ertao, three generals knew it was a trap, but they had to do it for loyalty and reputation at that time. However, this open plan only killed three generals, which is a small skill compared with the big open plans behind. In the end, Qi was indeed replaced by a new minister.

2 One of Sun Bin's "Thirty-six Strategies" is called? Encircle Wei to save Zhao? , its pioneer is Sun Bin, the descendant of Sun Wu. In 354 BC, Zhao, an ally of Qi, was attacked by Wei, the overlord at that time. Wei was the overlord who dominated for decades at that time, but Qi was not very strong at that time, so it did not have the strength to compete with Wei. Many ministers of Qi advocated not to save Zhao, or Tian Ji forced him to save Zhao under the guidance of Sun Bin.

So Tian Ji was the general, Sun Bin the strategist, and set out with the army of Qi. But Sun Bin didn't let people lead troops to Zhao, instead, he led troops to the capital of Wei. Pang Juan, the general of Wei State over there, fought aggressively in Zhao State for a long time, but he couldn't conquer it. I heard here that the Qi army had gone straight to the capital of Wei State, and Pang Juan was frightened to disgrace, so he hurried to the capital of Wei State, and was given a textbook by Sun Bin? Help around? Wei Jun suffered a crushing defeat.

Pang Juan of Wei knew that the Qi army was luring him to the capital, but he had to go and get into the enemy's ambush. This is the ingenuity of the open plan. This World War I made Wei decline, and Qi gradually became the overlord behind. However, this open plan still stays at the military level, which is not enough to make the State of Qi stable for a long time. Sun Bin himself mentioned in Sun Bin's Art of War that the prosperity of the State of Qi will not last for several generations.

3 Cao Cao held the emperor to make the princes

What is Cao Cao's famous saying? I'd rather be negative than negative. ? Simply translate it, right? I'm a bad guy and I'm proud. ? But we're not criticizing Cao Cao, is he? Bad guy theory? It is used in politics. In fact, it is good for people all over the world, unifying the north, partially ending the war, and giving people a place to live. And Cao Cao's most famous conspiracy is? Holding the emperor to make the princes? .

In 169 AD, by chance, he firmly held Emperor Xian of Han in his arms, and then said:? Come on, listen, this is what the emperor told you to do, hurry up! ? The vast majority of others know that Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty certainly didn't say anything. It was all Cao Cao's nonsense here, but most people had to listen to Cao Cao? Nonsense? . In the end, Cao Cao unified the north by relying on the whole powerful political advantage.

but? Holding the emperor to make the princes? With? I'd rather be negative than negative? Is the same logic, that is? I am a thief (stealing the world) and I am proud? . People watched Cao Cao do a good job as a thief, so Sima Yi also learned a lot. In the end, Cao Shi failed, Cao Wei was usurped by Sima Shi, and Cao Cao, an open plan, could not get full marks.

4 Emperor Wudi's decree of patronage

The decree of patronage is the first of the four open schemes. What is the specific content of the favor order? It is to allow the princes to enfeoffment their land to each of their sons, instead of passing it to the eldest son separately. At that time, in the eyes of the problem of princes in the Han Dynasty, there were two major upheavals. In order to completely solve the problem of governors' disorderly administration, the Han Dynasty carried out the decree of granting favors.

since the decree of patronage was fully implemented, no vassal state dared to oppose the imperial court? Because one by one is divided into small countries, there is no strength to fight. And the vassal States will not do it, because all their sons want to get a piece of meat from their father, and all their wives want to give their sons something from their husbands. Within three generations, the land of the vassal States is not as big as a village.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty cut off the source of trouble in the vassal states directly from the material basis without using a sword or hurting the feelings of relatives, so that the Han Dynasty could spare its energy to deal with external enemies, and finally achieved the long-term stability of the Han Dynasty, which can be described as the first open plan.

Therefore, people should use less intrigue, and they can use an open plan all their lives, which is enough to last forever!