Chiseling through walls to steal light

During the Han Dynasty, Kuang Heng was a very diligent and studious young man.

Because his family was very poor, he had to do a lot of work during the day to earn money. Only at night could he sit down and read in peace. However, he couldn't afford candles, and he couldn't read when it got dark. Kuang Heng was heartbroken for this wasted time, and felt very painful inside.

His neighbor's family is very wealthy, and candles are lit in several rooms at night to light up the house. One day, Kuang Heng plucked up the courage and said to his neighbor: "I want to study at night, but I can't afford a candle. Can I borrow an inch of your house?" The neighbor always looked down on people who were poorer than his family, so he made a vicious mockery. Said: "Since you are too poor to buy a candle, why should you read?" Kuang Heng was very angry after hearing this, but he was more determined to read well.

Kuang Heng returned home and quietly cut a small hole in the wall. The neighbor's candlelight came through the hole. With this faint light, he began to read books eagerly, and gradually read all the books at home.

After reading these books, Kuang Heng felt that the knowledge he had mastered was far from enough, and his desire to continue reading more books became more urgent.

There is a wealthy family nearby with many books. One day, Kuang Heng packed up his clothes and appeared in front of a wealthy family. He said to the master: "Please take me in. I will work for your family for free. Just let me read all the books in your family." The master was moved by his spirit and agreed to his request to borrow books. .

Kuang Heng studied diligently in this way. Later, he became the prime minister of Emperor Yuan of Han Dynasty and became a famous scholar in the Western Han Dynasty.

[One sentence after the chapter]

This fable describes two things that Kuang Heng did when he was a boy: one was cutting through walls to steal money, and the other was borrowing books to study hard. . He praised Kuang Heng for his courage to overcome difficult conditions and his diligent study spirit; he set a good example for us to study hard immediately.

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Ba Jin’s reading method

The famous writer Ba Jin's reading method is very strange because he did it without books. It is indeed a wonder in the world to study without books. What is going on? Ba Jin said: "The second time I was hospitalized, I took a nap for less than an hour every day, then got out of bed and sat on the small sofa, waiting for the nurse to come. I came to take my temperature at 1 o'clock. I sat motionless, but my mind refused to rest. It seemed that it wanted to remember some books and works I had read in the past. Before the decline, keep some good things."

It turns out that his way of reading is to sit quietly and recall the books he has read. This has many benefits:

(1) It is not restricted by conditions and can make full use of time. Ba Jin cited two examples: One was during the Soviet Patriotic War, when Leningrad was besieged by the German army for a long time, a girl wrote in her diary "such and such type, "Anna Karenina"" and the like sentence. There was no electricity or candles at that time, and the entire city was under blackout. She could not read, but sat quietly in the dark and recalled the plot of the book. Tolstoy's novels helped her survive those terrifying nights. Another example is his own personal experience during the decade of civil unrest. He said: "During the 'Cultural Revolution', if the rebels had allowed me to write a diary and allowed me to write a diary according to my own wishes, my diary would have been filled with book titles. People would be surprised: there was a seal in my study, and The lock has been closed for ten years. Where can I find those books to read? They forget that there is a big warehouse in the human mind, which stores things that others cannot take away. "These two examples show that everything is not normal. You can "read" under any reading conditions.

(2) Review the past and learn the new. Through recollection, take out the books you have read in the past and chew them bit by bit, just like a cow ruminating, which can further digest and absorb. Every time you recall, you will have new understanding, new knowledge, and new gains.

(3) Be able to continuously draw spiritual strength from the books you have read. Ba Jin said: "I am fighting against illness now and get encouragement from various works... Even if I don't have the energy to read new works while I am ill, the accumulation of spiritual wealth in the past is enough for the rest of my limited life." Until death, people need light and heat.

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Gu Yanwu supervised his own reading

“Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world. "This well-known saying was first put forward by Gu Yanwu, a patriotic thinker and famous scholar in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.

Gu Yanwu has been diligent in studying since childhood. He was enlightened at the age of 6 and started reading history books and literary classics at the age of 10. When he was 11 years old, his grandfather Li Yuangong asked him to finish reading "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" and warned: "Some people now want to save trouble and think everything is done after just browsing a book like the "Compendium". Well, I think this is undesirable. "These words made Gu Yanwu realize that studying and doing knowledge is an honest thing, and it must be treated seriously and faithfully. Gu Yanwu studied diligently, and he took the measure of "self-supervision of reading": first, he set himself a requirement to study hard every day. The number of volumes he read; secondly, he restricted himself to copying the books he read every day. After he finished reading "Zi Zhi Tong Jian", one book became two books; thirdly, he required himself to copy the book every day. He would take notes when reading a book and write down his experiences. Some of his reading notes were later compiled into the famous "Rizhilu"; finally, he would review what he had read in the first half of each year in spring and autumn. He recited the books silently and asked others to read them aloud. If he found any discrepancies, he would check them immediately. He stipulated that he should review 200 pages in this way every day, and never take a break.

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How does Chairman Mao study?

Special Hobbies

For decades, Chairman Mao has been very busy, but he always makes time, even every second. To read and study. His former residence in Zhongnanhai is simply a place filled with books. Books are everywhere on the bookshelves in the bedroom, on the desk, dining table, and coffee table. Except for the place where one person is lying on the bed, all of them are occupied by books.

In order to study, Chairman Mao used all the available time to move his body for a few minutes before swimming, and sometimes read a few poems by famous people after swimming. , without taking a rest, he picked up the book again, and he never wasted a few minutes on the toilet. He used this to reprint the Song Dynasty Chunxi's "Selected Works of Zhaoming" and some other books. Time, read a little today, read a little tomorrow, read it intermittently.

When Chairman Mao went out for meetings or inspections, he often wrote to the box while the train was shaking and bumpy, and he always held it in one hand. Holding a magnifying glass with one hand, I keep reading. When I go abroad, just like in Beijing, there are books on the bed, on the desk, on the coffee table, and on the dining table, and I read them whenever I have free time.

Although Chairman Mao was seriously ill in his later years, he still did not stop reading. He re-read a set of hardcover "The Complete Works of Lu Xun" that was brought to Beijing from Yan'an and many other books and periodicals.

On one occasion, Chairman Mao. The fever reached over 39 degrees, and the doctor did not allow him to read. He said sadly, "I have loved reading all my life, but now you don't let me read. You tell me to lie here and just eat and sleep all day. You know how uncomfortable I am." !The staff had no choice but to put the taken away book next to him, and he smiled happily.

Study seriously and read it over and over again

Chairman Mao has always opposed that. Zhongzhi Shu, Chairman Mao has always opposed the kind of reading method that is only for quickness without focusing on effects. When he read the complete collection of Han Changli's poems, except for a few chapters, he carefully studied each chapter, reading from vocabulary, sentences, and so on. From the chapters to the meaning of the whole text, no aspect is spared. Through repeated reading and chanting, he can recite most of the poems in Hanji fluently. He had read "Journey to the West", "A Dream of Red Mansions", "Water Margin", "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and other novels since he was in elementary school, and read them again in the 1960s. He has seen more than ten different versions of "Dream of Red Mansions". A "Selected Works of Zhaoming" was read when he was in school. He read it in the 1950s and 10s, read it in the 1960s, and read it several times in the 1970s. There are three existing versions of his annotations.

He has read some books on Marxism-Leninism and philosophy more times. He read "History of the United Communist Party" and Li Da's "Outline of Sociology" ten times each. He has repeatedly studied "The Communist Manifesto", "Das Kapital", "Selected Works of Lenin", etc.

Many chapters and paragraphs are also annotated and underlined.

No writing, no reading

For decades, every time Chairman Mao read a book or article, he would mark important places with circles, lines, dots, etc. Symbols, write many comments in the header and blank space.

Some even keep books and articles%