First, the teaching objectives:
1. Understand the stylistic features of argumentative writing, and understand the arguments and arguments in argumentative writing and their relationships.
2. Guide students to taste and understand the spirit of "dedication and happiness" on the basis of understanding the meaning of the text.
3. Learn two common argumentation methods: "setting facts" (demonstrating with examples) and "reasoning" (reasoning).
4. Reflect on your learning attitude, correct your learning attitude, and be "dedicated" and "happy".
5. Refine and accumulate classic sentences and aphorisms in the text to improve ideological quality.
2. Teaching emphases and difficulties:
1. Clarify the argumentation ideas of the article (have a job-dedication-happiness) and master the argumentation methods.
2. Really understand the spirit of "dedication" and "happiness".
Three. Teaching preparation:
1. Collect relevant materials of Liang Qichao for classroom communication.
2. Teaching recording and equipment.
3. Small blackboard (showing words and thinking exercises in class).
Four. Teaching arrangement: four class hours
Teaching methods and learning methods of verbs (abbreviation of verb);
1. Read aloud.
2. Taste the law.
Teaching process and content of intransitive verbs;
first kind
Introduce new courses:
Students, last week, we just finished our first monthly exam. Do you have an attitude to reflect on your study and life in the face of your own achievements, yourself and those students whose achievements are higher than your own? In the process of daily study, do you concentrate and not be distracted? How can we regard learning as a pleasure?
More than 70 years ago, Mr. Liang Qichao, a famous thinker and scholar in modern China, put forward the idea of "dedication and happiness" in a speech to students of Shanghai Chinese Vocational School. Although more than half a century has passed, his ideas are still of great educational significance to us. Today, let's study his article "Dedication and Happiness".
(blackboard writing topic)
(2) Approaching the author:
First, students exchange their own information about Liang Qichao, and then teachers make appropriate supplements.
Liang Qichao (1873- 1929), with outstanding words, was named Ren Gong and the owner of the icehouse. Guangdong Xinhui people. China is a representative figure and scholar of modern reformists. Together with his teacher Kang Youwei, he led the Reform Movement of 1898. He is the author of Drinking Room Collection.
(3) Check preview: (Read and write after class)
Pay attention to or explain the following words (and pay attention to writing):
1 quotation: quotation.
② rickets Kebuulu
(3) Pian Jin Pian
(4) blasphemy (xièdú): frivolous and not solemn.
⑤ Not distracted: Concentrate, not distracted at all. (dirty)
6. Respect for work and music groups: I am very conscientious about my career and get along well with my friends.
⑦ Out of context: Intercept a paragraph or sentence in isolation regardless of the context.
⑧ Independence method: Originally it was Buddhist, which means direct access to the Tao, an unspeakable method. The best or unique metaphor.
Care about words and deeds: it means that words and deeds are not contradictory.
⑩ Strong reluctance: describes that others are unwilling to listen and keep talking. (sorry)
(D) overall perception, clear writing ideas:
1. Play the teaching recording to perceive the content of the text as a whole.
2. Students can read and think freely:
(1) From the title, what is this article about?
(What kind of attitude should be taken towards the profession)
(2) What ideas did the author put forward to solve this problem? Underline the sentences that clearly express the author's point of view. Read and think.
"Dedication and happiness" is the only way of human life. )
(The first thing is to be dedicated. ..... The second is to be happy. )
Major is the most needed and beneficial thing in life. )
Every profession is sacred. )
Every profession is interesting. As long as you are willing to continue to do it, interest will naturally occur. )
(5) class summary:
1. This lesson is mainly to perceive the content of the text as a whole and clear the word barriers.
2. Get to know the author's ideas and opinions.
Second lesson
Review the word introduction in the last lesson.
(1) ask questions:
Stylistically, this article is not only a speech, but also a highly argumentative paper. That is, argumentative writing. Argumentative writing is a common style that takes argumentation as the main way of expression, and directly expresses the author's views and opinions by putting facts and reasoning. Using vivid narration to indirectly express the author's thoughts and feelings is different from narrative writing, which focuses on introducing or explaining the shape, nature, causes and functions of things, and is also different from explanatory writing. It usually consists of three elements: argument, argument and argument. So what is an argument? What is "argument"? What is "argument"?
Give examples to guide: (give examples of students with good academic performance in the class)
How is Xiaoqiu's study? -Issues to be discussed.
↓↓
Xiaoqiu studies hard and gets good grades! -Your opinion, your opinion.
↑↑
Xiaoqiu scored 760 points in the last monthly exam, ranking first. -Basis, facts
(2) As in the above example, your views or opinions on a certain issue are called "arguments" in argumentative writing. The materials and basis used to prove your point of view are called "arguments". The process and method of using those materials and basis to prove your point of view is called "argument". (Three Elements of Argumentative Writing on the blackboard)
(3) The title of the article is Dedication and Happiness, so what is it about? Try to find out the relevant sentences in the text. What attitude should I take towards my career? Paragraph 5 of the text: What I am talking about today is to tell those who have a career and are now preparing for it-students-what attitude they should take towards their current career. )
What ideas does the author put forward to solve this problem? Be dedicated and be happy. )
(4) Read the text carefully and think:
1. Besides talking about "dedication" and "happiness", what other issues were discussed? (Have a job) (The third paragraph of the text: So before the main body of the speech, let's talk about the necessity of having a job. )
2. According to the problems discussed by the author, the full text is divided into levels, and the general idea of levels is summarized.
There are merchants on the first floor (1-5); The second floor (6-7) is dedicated; The third floor (8) happiness.
(5) Appreciation Level 1: Close reading (paragraph 65438 +0-5)
1. What material basis did the author find when demonstrating the necessity of employment?
(1) Confucius said, "It's hard to eat all day long without any intention!" "It is difficult to live in groups all day long, but words are not as good as deeds, and it is difficult to be kind and wise!"
(2) The story of Zen master Baizhang: "If you don't do it for a day, you won't eat it for a day." In addition to what I said in class every day, I have to sweep the floor, clean the table and wash clothes myself until I am 80 years old.
2. What is the intention of quoting Confucius' words and the story of Zen master Baizhang?
"This just proves that everyone should have a proper career and everyone should continue to work." Emphasize that "having a job" is the foundation of being a man.
Please list more reasons for "the necessity of employment".
(1) You can make a living, make yourself economically independent and have self-esteem;
(2) let your body and mind settle down, not idle and boring;
(3) Difficulties, setbacks and troubles in the process of employment are the exercise of will and character, ability and talent;
(4) Creative achievement is the highest affirmation of the value of life. ...
(6) class summary
1. This lesson mainly guides students to understand the three elements of argumentative writing through examples around them.
2. Understand how the author guides and demonstrates the necessity of employment step by step.
The third category
Review the introduction of argumentative knowledge in the last class. (argument, argument, argument)
(1) Appreciation of the second floor: Close reading (paragraphs 6-7)
1. Suppose it's you, how are you going to prove the idea of "dedication"?
(Students discuss)
2. How did the author of this article, Mr. Liang Qichao, prove it? What basis did he provide?
(1) Zhu's words;
(2) Being a president and pulling rickshaws;
(3) The story of a rickety father-in-law;
(4) Carpenters and politicians, dung pickers and soldiers;
(5) Ceng Wenzheng, Zhuangzi and Confucius.
3. Thinking: What are the characteristics of these bases? Can be roughly divided into several categories?
Clear:
The first category (1) and (5) are famous sayings;
The second categories (2), (3) and (4) are all practical examples.
Teachers guide students to understand two types of arguments: truth argument and fact argument. )
(2) Read the text again and see what ideas the author uses to prove this argument.
Clear:
(1) What is "respect"-if the Lord is at a loss, it is respect.
↓↓
(2) Why "respect"-all professions are sacred and all professions are respectable.
↓↓
(3) How to "respect"-the only secret is loyalty.
(3) Expansion and extension
We often say that learning is the bounden duty of students. If you regard "learning" as your "career", how do you think you should be "dedicated" after learning this lesson?
(Students discuss)
(4) class summary
1. This lesson focuses on the process of the author's demonstration of "dedication".
2. Guide students to understand the two basic types of argumentative writing.
the fourth lesson
Review the introduction of old knowledge. (two forms of argument)
(1) Appreciation on the third floor: Please read the eighth paragraph silently.
1. How does the author demonstrate "happiness" after demonstrating "having a job" and "being dedicated"?
Mr. Liang Qichao started with the common exclamation of "hard work" and pointed out that it is difficult to do anything in life (limbs, five senses). "As long as you use it, it is difficult, and hard work is always inevitable"; For unavoidable things, it is better to have fun than to "do it with a sad face".
Then, I put forward my own view that "all careers are interesting".
2. Why do you say "any occupation is interesting"? Do you agree with him? Why? (Students discuss)
3. "Any occupation is interesting". What are the reasons listed in the article? Can you give a practical example?
The Curies extracted "radium" from tons of industrial waste. Those years were hard and boring, but with the dream of finding "radium", they never felt bored at work, never complained and wanted to give up. It is this spirit of "enjoying it" that has made their extraordinary lives and brilliant careers. )
(2) Thinking about the full text: At the end of the article, I said, "I firmly believe that a reasonable human life should always be like this." What do you mean "like this"? What should a "reasonable human life" look like?
Clear:
(1) First of all, you should have a proper job (or any valuable job), and you can't "eat all day without any purpose"; (Employed)
(2) show respect for what you have done, so that you can concentrate and do it faithfully; (dedication)
(3) Find pleasure in doing things with your heart, don't frown and complain about others, but achieve the realm of "taking pleasure in forgetting your worries". (leye county)
(3) Questioning and exploring
When discussing the issue of "dedication", the author mentioned that "the essence of things, dissected from an academic perspective, is not superior." He also said, "I believe a carpenter can make a good table, which is as valuable as a politician's building." But some people quoted Napoleon as saying, "A soldier who doesn't want to be a marshal is not a good soldier." Let's discuss how we should look at this problem. (Students discuss)
(4) class summary
1. According to the actual situation of the audience, the concept of "dedication and happiness" is put forward, and the importance of "dedication and happiness" is discussed in simple terms. I earnestly hope that everyone will carry forward the spirit of dedication and happiness and live a reasonable life for mankind.
2. Writing characteristics:
(1) The argument is clear and strong. At the beginning of this speech, the theme was put forward, and the main part in the middle discussed the importance of "having a job", "being dedicated" and "being happy" in three layers, and finally summarized the whole article. The organization is clear.
(2) Demonstration and reasoning, quoting classics. This paper quotes a lot of classics and aphorisms. The Confucian Book of Rites, The Analects of Confucius, Zhu, Zeng Guofan, Laozi and Zhuangzi of Taoism, and the top 100 Zen Buddhism were all taken out by the author to prove his point of view. There are also examples in life, examples in ancient and modern Chinese and foreign works, rich experience experienced by the author, and famous sayings and aphorisms handed down by the ancients to this day. The careful use of these arguments makes the speech concrete, vivid and convincing.
(3) The language is concise, accurate and thorough, and the generalization is powerful.
(5) Task
(1) Extract and accumulate the classic sentences and aphorisms in the text and try to figure them out.
(2) According to the argumentative knowledge learned in this paper, I try to write an argumentative essay on the topic of "self-confidence". No less than 600 words.
Teaching summary
The text is a speech made by Mr. Liang Qichao for students in Shanghai China Vocational School in 1970s, which is highly targeted to inspire students' professional ethics. This article is both an argumentative paper and a speech. When preparing lessons collectively, we decided to focus on the knowledge of argumentative papers and less on the knowledge points of speeches. To this end, I first talked about the common sense of argumentative writing, and then used this article as a model to show students how to read argumentative writing.
We arranged two classes. The first category is mainly to grasp the main content of the article and clarify the structure of the article. At the beginning of the article, the theme of "dedication and happiness" is put forward, then three issues of "having a job" and "dedication and happiness" are discussed respectively, and finally the spiritual will is summarized with "responsibility" and "fun". The main idea of the full text is clear and the level is clear. Under the guidance of the teacher, the children quickly found out the central argument of the article and pointed out several main problems that the author talked about around the central argument. It can be said that it is not difficult, and most students can understand it in place.
In the second class, we mainly introduce the demonstration method and its function of this paper. Most students judge the methods of argumentative writing very accurately, but when it comes to its function, they still don't use the terms of argumentative writing, and they are all kinds of words that don't convey meaning. In addition, there is too little understanding of the meaning of dedication and happiness, ignoring the expansion of students' spiritual vision. Students should be allowed to find out some "first-rate people in the world who can do a job satisfactorily because of their talents and circumstances", and guide children to think about what to do now, how to treat their own learning, how to grasp their youth, whether to be the second-rate bitter person written in the book or to have fun from learning.
I've been thinking these days, are we too eager for quick success and instant benefit? If you want to let the children master the answering method through the study of an argumentative essay, the result will definitely be disappointing. The methods and skills of answering argumentative papers can only be mastered step by step by doing the questions. But our teacher gives the so-called answering routines directly to the students and asks them to memorize them in class and write them down. I don't know what fun this kind of learning has, so let the children do argumentative reading questions. Will such teaching make children respect and enjoy learning?
I think, in teaching, children should read more books, think more and talk more as much as possible, so that they can not only learn knowledge, but also feel something, and more importantly, let them enjoy it.