First, grasp the central word in the question and make it concrete.
Second, accurately grasp whether the answer required in the question belongs to "what", "why" or "how to do it".
Third, link the teaching materials for comparison.
Fourth, look at the score to control the number of points answered.
Finally, be brief and don't drag your feet.
In the open-book form, with the in-depth development of the new curriculum, there are more and more types of short-answer questions, so we should pay attention to different answering skills for different types of short-answer questions. Next, talk about some special problem-solving skills on several common short answer types.
1. Material type: give the materials and answer the questions according to them. When doing this kind of problem, we should pay attention to: read the material and make clear its center or theme; Use your head to find out the knowledge points related to this material in the textbook; Stick to the meaning of the question, grasp the combination of materials and textbook knowledge, and integrate the answers.
2. Chart type: This type of question has the characteristics of concrete image, conciseness, various forms and large amount of information. Candidates are required to check the relevant data and materials in the chart to find out the laws and connections, and then use the knowledge they have learned to give a brief answer in combination with social reality. Pay attention to when doing the problem: compare the data or materials to find out what changes have been made; Predict the trend of data or material changes, that is, how to further change with time; When observing, we should consider the vertical and horizontal contrast and changes of the chart, and don't just pay attention to a certain direction; Pay special attention to the explanatory words and hints in the chart in order to find the direction or main points of the answer.
3. Cartoon type: This type of question is to create a certain situation through intuitive, vivid, interesting and humorous cartoons, and guide students to reveal meaning, analyze phenomena, talk about inspiration, make suggestions and talk about practices. Attention should be paid when answering: carefully observe cartoons, not only superficial phenomena, but also reveal the true or main meaning of cartoons. When observing, pay more attention to the explanatory text and prompt text or voiceover in the picture and the "title" of cartoons; Use your head to find out which ideas or principles in the textbook are consistent or related to the meaning of comics; Look at the question and make clear the scope of the answer.
4. Behavior evaluation type: this kind of question is a case analysis question, which shows that a specific case is given and requires a brief evaluation of the behavior of the relevant characters in the case by using the learned legal knowledge. Pay attention to when answering: read the case, understand what the protagonist in the case has done, and judge whether his behavior is legal; Go back to the textbook and find the knowledge points or legal provisions related to this behavior; Explain the behavior of the protagonist in the case concisely in legal terms or legal terms, and point out what to do if necessary.
Analysis and display of questions and coping strategies in senior high school entrance examination
Analysis and explanation questions are important questions in the senior high school entrance examination. Candidates are generally required to combine background materials and use what they have learned to answer questions. This kind of questions has the characteristics of rich materials, open answers and comprehensive knowledge. Generally, it can be done according to the following steps: summarizing the theme, indicating the attitude, writing the meaning, telling the principle, combining the actual concrete analysis and summing up the understanding. The following classification instructions:
1. inductive formula: it mainly requires candidates to draw a conclusion through the analysis of background materials, that is, to judge the question of "what is it", and it is important to examine candidates' inductive generalization ability. This kind of question is generally "what problem does the above material explain or reflect" and "analyze and explain the above material with relevant knowledge". To answer this kind of questions, we can borrow the method of summarizing the general idea and central idea of paragraphs in Chinese discipline, summarize the superficial meaning of materials in concise language, analyze and summarize them layer by layer, and return to the teaching materials, so as to make a more comprehensive answer.
Deduction: Candidates are mainly required to use the basic ideas or principles they have learned to make a reasonable explanation and explanation of the background materials, usually in the form of "How to understand ……", "Talk about your understanding of ……" and "Talk about your views on ……". This type of question has a large span and strong comprehensiveness, and it focuses on examining the ability of candidates to comprehensively analyze problems. When answering, first of all, read the material carefully and repeatedly, divide the layers of the material, and summarize the meaning of each layer; Then add "interrogative words", such as "what", "why" and "how", and finally go back to the textbook and explain the textbook correctly with what you have learned.
3. Evaluation: Candidates are mainly required to comment on the characters or phenomena in the materials, focusing on the judgment ability of candidates. When solving this kind of problem, the first step is to make an overall evaluation of this matter or behavior, and then point out its basis according to the knowledge learned.
4. Self-participation: This kind of question focuses on examining candidates' practical ability and ideological consciousness. The main ways to ask questions are "talk about your plan" and "talk about your suggestion". Pay attention to starting from your own reality and according to the requirements of the topic, be free to play, be brave in innovation and participate in it.
5. Ask yourself and answer yourself: this kind of question only has background materials, and there are no specific questions. It gives candidates the initiative to ask questions, analyze problems and solve problems, and focuses on the ability of candidates to ask questions and solve problems. The key to solving such problems is to ask questions. Ask questions that are neither too difficult nor too simple. Generally speaking, we can ask questions such as "What did the above problems explain", "What caused the above problems" and "How should we solve these problems". We can also grasp the details in the background materials and ask some small questions about the details.
In short, we can take different ways to answer different types of analysis questions, but no matter what type of analysis questions, when answering, we should all do:
The first step: carefully examine the question and clarify the meaning of the question. Examination includes examination of "materials" and "questions". The purpose is to find out the intention of the proposer. Review the materials, read them roughly first and then carefully, and master their keywords, main points and central ideas as soon as possible. Examination of questions is to find out the center and special requirements of questions, so as to find out the theoretical knowledge of textbooks that should be used when answering questions. There is no fixed order for reviewing materials and questions. For topics with more materials, review the questions first and then review the materials (with questions); For topics with less materials, review the materials first and then review the questions (contact materials should be reviewed), and the two should cooperate and read repeatedly.
Step 2: Return to the textbook and implement the content. This is the key to answering the question. Generally speaking, the analysis of the senior high school entrance examination shows that the topic is "The problem lies outside the book and the reason lies in the book". Returning to textbooks is to accurately return the effective information obtained from materials and questions to textbooks. The regression of textbooks should be considered comprehensively, and the content of textbooks involved in the analysis of test questions may be cross-grade and cross-chapter. Therefore, when returning to textbooks, we should spread our thinking and integrate the answers from multiple angles and levels.
The third step: clear your mind and sort out your answers. The answer should be targeted and not worse than others. It should involve multiple knowledge points, consider their priority order, and use serial numbers to express them, so that the language is clear, hierarchical and standardized. Never answer irrelevant questions and deviate from the meaning of the question.
Practice and ask questions
1. Problem type characteristics
Practice and inquiry questions are a new type of questions in the senior high school entrance examination in recent years. The emergence of this question type is to meet the needs of the reform and development of the senior high school entrance examination and the requirements of the new curriculum standard "cultivating students' innovative spirit and practical ability and encouraging students to have their own opinions" The forms of this kind of test questions mainly include investigation report, activity design, theme class meeting, speech draft, speech outline, writing small papers and so on. It has the characteristics of strong divergence, close connection with students and social life, and advocating and encouraging diversification of answers.
The general requirements for answering such questions are: (1) First, students are required to actively participate in activities and practice, and be familiar with and master the methods and procedures of various practical activities. ⑵ Strong innovative spirit and practical ability, able to think and solve problems independently. (3) Examine the questions and answer them as required. (4) Return to textbooks and find the foothold of knowledge. (5) The designed activity plan or steps should be practical, practical, creative, perfect and operable. (6) Pay attention to the orderliness, openness and logicality of the answers.
2. Questions and answers
(1) investigation report. Investigation report is a written material written by people after in-depth investigation and study of a certain situation, event, experience or problem. It is the result of social investigation practice to reflect some regular things discovered by people through investigation and study and put forward corresponding measures and suggestions. Learning to write investigation reports will help us to further understand and participate in society, combine what we have learned with social practice and improve our quality in an all-round way.
The writing of investigation report generally includes the following four parts in format and content:
Part I: Title. According to the purpose of the survey, professional titles are divided into single professional titles and double professional titles. No matter which title form is adopted, it must conform to the theme of the survey.
Part II: Introduction. The introduction should generally explain the purpose, object, content and method of the investigation. The survey methods can be questionnaires, interviews, observations, symposiums, etc.
Part III: Subject. The text is the backbone of the full text, and describing the basic situation of the investigation, listing typical cases and data, conducting appropriate discussion and analysis, and summing up experience or laws are the key parts to express the main idea of the investigation report. Three points should be paid attention to in the writing of the main part: first, the detailed steps of the investigation are listed, including the time, place and personnel arrangement of the investigation, the outline of the investigation questions, the problems that should be paid attention to in the investigation, the feedback and evaluation methods of the investigation, etc. Second, we should write the investigation clearly. This requires sorting out the materials obtained from the investigation. Thirdly, in order to discuss, we should use what we have learned to analyze, discuss and clarify our own understanding and views. Fourth, we should find out the regularity through analysis.
Part IV: Conclusions and suggestions. This is the last part of the investigation report. Generally, it is necessary to summarize the main points of the whole article, draw conclusions and put forward specific suggestions for the existing problems.
[Example]: There are many rivers and lakes in China, but China is a country that is seriously short of water. According to the water consumption in your area, make a survey of residents' domestic water consumption.
(1) List the survey topics.
(2) List the investigation scheme (purpose, object, content or information, ways or methods).
(3) According to the analysis and investigation results, put forward suggestions.
[Reference answer]
(1) Title: Present situation and countermeasures of residents' water use in our city (county)
(2) A. Objective: To understand the water supply situation and water waste degree, analyze the reasons, understand the urgency of water saving, and enhance the national awareness of water saving.
B. objectives: residents and houses, waterworks, sewage treatment plants, environmental protection bureaus, rivers and reservoirs all over the country.
C. Content or information: water source status, use and water consumption, and factors affecting the reservoir.
D. methods: field trip; Questionnaire survey; Visit; Analyze samples in the laboratory.
(3) Suggestions: ① Control the pollution of production and domestic water; (2) Save water, rationally optimize water use and improve the reuse rate of water; ③ Reform the water price mechanism and limit water consumption; ④ Improve vegetation coverage, do well in soil and water conservation and reduce soil erosion.
⑵ Activity design: Designing a reasonable activity plan is an indispensable part of doing a good job. The reasonable design of an activity plan must achieve the following four points:
First, the theme of the event. This is the core of designing a reasonable activity plan, and the design of the theme should closely focus on the requirements of the topic.
Second, the purpose of the activity. This is the premise of designing a reasonable scheme. It is determined according to the theme. Because the theme is the center of the activity and the soul of the whole activity.
Third, activity preparation. Is to do a good job in ideological mobilization and organization, so that all activities are implemented. First, determine the content, form, division of labor, activity arrangement and other matters. Secondly, according to the needs of activities and each student's hobbies and specialties, assign suitable jobs, some can collect materials, some can write programs, some can draw pictures, and some can go out for inspection. , and strive to mobilize most students to participate in activities. Finally, do a good job in the inspection on the eve of the event, solve the new contradictions and problems encountered in the preparatory process in time, and arrange the activities well.
Fourth, the activity steps. It is the main body of the theme activity plan. When designing activity steps, we should be in the right direction, pragmatic and clear.
[Example] In order to cooperate with the activity of "building a model" in our city, students in Class 0/Kloc, Grade 3 of a school are going to carry out a social survey around the theme of "pollution situation in Jinjiang, Quanzhou" during the May Day this year. Please make an activity plan for the students in this class.
[Reference answer]
① Activity time: a certain year, a certain month and a certain day
② Activity theme: Investigate the pollution situation in Jinjiang.
③ Activity reason: It can be answered from people's weak awareness of environmental protection, environmental problems and the harm of water pollution.
Purpose of the activity: Through investigation, let students feel the current situation of water shortage and water pollution in their hometown, enhance their awareness of saving water and protecting resources and environment, and deepen their feelings of loving their hometown.
⑤ Activity mode: Interview and investigate with residents and water management departments along the river in groups.
⑥ Activity steps: Step 1, draw up the survey outline and be responsible for making it clear; Step 2, conduct field investigation and observation along the river, and extract water samples for laboratory analysis; The third step is to exchange and discuss the survey results and analyze the causes of the problems; The fourth step is to write an investigation report and make suggestions to government departments.
⑦ Activity preparation: Prepare legal knowledge and publicity slogans about environmental protection.
8 Precautions: Pay attention to traffic safety along the way; Everyone prepares a packing bag. Put away the movable waste. (Other words are reasonable)
(3) Thematic class meeting: Thematic class meeting is an important form of practical activities for us to use textbook knowledge to analyze and explore practical problems and improve our cognitive ability and ideological consciousness. This paper introduces in detail the steps of holding the theme class meeting and the problems that should be paid attention to when implementing each step.
(1) Activity theme-The design of the theme should be closely related to the content of materials and teaching materials, with a clear central idea and to the point. It can be a single sentence or a couplet (even number), but not too long.
(2) the purpose of the activity-clear the purpose of the class meeting. The purpose of the class meeting is determined according to the theme, and the purpose of the class meeting activities should closely focus on the theme.
(3) Activity preparation-we should make detailed preparations, think about the work to be done comprehensively and implement it one by one. For example, arrange the venue in advance, determine the host, prepare the speech materials, collect the materials related to the theme of the class meeting, and notify the special guests in advance.
(4) Activity steps-the main body of the class meeting. When designing activity steps, the direction should be correct, the purpose should be clear, the results should be practical, and the organization should be clear (generally including the following procedures). The host announced the start of the class meeting; Watch videos or promotional materials; Group discussion; Recommend students to speak; Activity summary.
[Example] In the era of knowledge economy, the contribution of talents to economic growth is far greater than other factors of production. Talent is the carrier of science and technology and the key to the development of high-tech industries. The research, invention and utilization of any science and technology are inseparable from talents. Only by combining scientific and technological knowledge with talents can it become a key factor to promote economic and social development and enhance economic strength, national defense strength and comprehensive national strength.
(1) Please give the above materials a title.
(2) If the theme class meeting takes this title as the theme, please design the activity steps of the theme class meeting. (Requirements: Focus on the theme, encourage participation and pay attention to practical results)
(3) If you want to attend the speech, please write a speech of no more than 300 words.
[Reference Answer]: (1) "International competition is ultimately the competition of talents" or "talents are the first resource" or "human resources are the decisive factor of economic development" and so on. (2) The first step is to invite local scientific and technological experts to talk about the role of talents in the development of contemporary science and technology; The second step is to look at the projection of "modern people in the development of science and technology"; The third step is to invite the winners of small inventions and small creations in the school to exchange experiences; Step four, ask the student representatives to talk about their feelings; The fifth step, the teacher summarizes and evaluates the students' speeches, and puts forward the hopes and requirements for students to become talents. (3) Key points of the speech: ① Opportunities and challenges we face. ② The requirements of socialist construction for talents. (3) How to strive to become the talents needed by the motherland.
④ Blackboard newspaper, handwritten newspaper and debate contest.
Blackboard: ① Subject name ② Main column name ③ Main contents of column ④ Famous sayings, aphorisms, aphorisms, editorials and layout renderings.
Manuscript newspaper: ① Registration ② Name of main column ③ Main content of column ④ Famous sayings and epigrams ⑤ Editor's note (purpose of running a newspaper) ⑤ Conclusion.
Debate: ① Debate topic ② Opinions of pros and cons ③ Outline of pros and cons ④ Point out the advantages and disadvantages of pros and cons ⑤ Conclude the speech.
The answer to this question can be divided into the following two steps: ① Grasp the whole, determine the theme, and clarify the thinking. (2) serious research, concrete analysis, bold expansion. Design the title with a clear theme.
[Example] A blackboard newspaper will be held in the third grade 1 class of Huatian Middle School, with the theme of saving water resources. Please join and complete the following tasks:
Please design a title for this issue of blackboard newspaper. (Requirements: correct viewpoint and concise language)
(2) Please complete the "Preface" on the water resources situation in China in this issue of "Blackboard". (Two aspects are enough)
(3) Please put forward three reasonable suggestions for saving water according to the actual situation as the end of the blackboard newspaper.
[Reference answer]:
(1) To realize the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we should start with saving water; Save water, starting from me; Saving water is everyone's responsibility; To build a resource-saving society, we must vigorously advocate water conservation.
(2) China's per capita water resources are small, and water resources are relatively short; The utilization rate of water resources in China is low; Water resources in China are seriously wasted.
③ Developing and popularizing water-saving equipment; Improve the utilization rate of water resources; Planting trees and protecting water and soil; Educate citizens to enhance their awareness of water conservation; Protect water resources; Implement the strategy of sustainable development; Formulate and improve the corresponding laws and regulations.
(5) design of publicity slogan
The design of publicity slogans can better examine students' knowledge transmission ability, language expression ability and innovation ability, but many students lose points because they don't understand the design principle and lack design skills. So what problems should we pay attention to when designing publicity slogans?
First, be close to the propaganda theme and integrate theory with practice. First of all, we must grasp the quasi-propaganda theme, which is the basic principle of designing propaganda slogans. In addition, we should pay attention to the use of political terms, pay attention to the combination with real life, and avoid copying mechanically.
The second is concise and infectious. The slogan is characterized by conciseness and vividness, which gives people the shock and appeal of the mind.
Third, be good at association and pay attention to innovation. First of all, we should pay more attention to and accumulate public service advertisements in the media in order to get inspiration from them. Secondly, to be good at association, you can use some poems or advertisements you usually see to make it innovative.
Attachment: creative slogan.
1. On the construction of spiritual civilization: "speak civilized words, do civilized things and be civilized people", "advocate civilized new styles, build a beautiful home" and "carry forward traditional virtues and the spirit of the times".
2. Protect water resources: "Cherish every bit", "Twist when you come", "Twist when you leave" and "Don't let the last drop of water in the world turn into your tears".
3. About protecting the environment: "The grass is green, the flowers are fragrant, the environment is beautiful, and people are healthy", "It is necessary to have mountains and silver mountains, but also clear water and green mountains", "The air will be better if people plant flowers" and "The grass is green and the steps are compassionate".
4. On the moral construction of citizens: "Polite, you can travel all over the world, but impolite, you can't move", "Create a civilized society and strive to be a civilized messenger", "Speak civilized language and be a civilized citizen" and "Polite language is praised by everyone."
(6) Write a speech outline
Speech outline refers to the text formed by drawing up knowledge points, ideas and answers one by one according to the requirements of test questions. To write a speech outline, we must first determine the theme according to the tips of the background materials, which is the key link to solve the problem. Secondly, around the theme, we should go back to the textbook to find the combination of knowledge points, usually in the form of "why" and "how", and then write down the main points. Finally, we must talk about our own practices (that is, the sentence part) in combination with our own reality. When writing a speech outline, don't talk about the material on the basis of the material and deviate from the requirements of the topic.
[Example] In response to the separatist words and deeds of the "Taiwan independence" elements, a class meeting with the theme of "Promoting the Anti-Secession Law and Promoting the Reunification of the Motherland" will be held in the third grade/class of a school. Invite you to attend,
If you want to attend the lecture, please write an outline. (From at least three aspects, the number of words is about 150 words)
[Reference Answer]: ① Taiwan Province Province has been an inseparable part of China since ancient times; (2) China's sovereignty and territorial integrity are inseparable. Splitting is unpopular and "Taiwan independence" is doomed to failure. The future of Taiwan Province Province depends on the reunification of the motherland; ③ The Party and the government adhere to the basic principle of "peaceful reunification and one country, two systems" to solve the problem of Taiwan Province Province; We teenagers should consciously fulfill the obligation of safeguarding the reunification of the motherland and oppose all words and deeds that split the country and undermine the reunification of the motherland. (It is required to express opinions from the aspects of history, popular support, Taiwan policy and attitude. Anything that fits the meaning of the question can be correct. )
(7) Design scheme
Proposal is a kind of style, which is used to take the lead in initiating, advocating doing something meaningful or carrying out an activity to arouse people's response. Initiatives can be initiated by individuals or many people.
When writing a proposal, you must pay attention to the following points:
First, the format should be standardized and the content should be comprehensive. The content of the proposal generally includes five parts: (1) title. You can just write a "proposal" or mark the specific content of the proposal. (2) the text. Generally, it consists of five contents: ① the object of the initiative; (2) Reasons for the initiative; ③ The purpose of the initiative; (4) the basis of the initiative; ⑤ Specific measures of the initiative. (3) the end. Show the determination and hope of the proposer. (4) signature. 5] Date.
Second, the viewpoint should be correct. This is a necessary prerequisite to ensure that the proposal can get positive response from others. The proposal must have a correct view, that is, the pros and cons should be based on laws and regulations, morality as the criterion and development as the purpose. Never be vague or even wrong.
Third, the level should be clear. In order to make everyone understand the purpose, significance and specific practices of the initiative, the design scheme must be clear in level, concise in language, easy to understand, and sometimes it can be listed item by item to achieve the purpose of clear level.
Fourth, the appeal is strong. In order to get everyone's support and response, the proposal should be well-founded, persuasive and encouraging, so that after reading the proposal, everyone can have a * * * voice in their heads and a * * * shock in their understanding before they can act according to the requirements of the initiative. Only in this way can we achieve the purpose of advocacy.
[Example] Students surfing the Internet is becoming the trend of the times, but some middle school students are addicted to the virtual world day and night, even browsing unhealthy web pages, neglecting their studies, and even committing crimes. This leads to different views on middle school students surfing the Internet. Please draft a proposal for civilized internet access for your peers according to your own views.
Proposal on Consciously Abiding by Network Ethics (Title)
Dear students: (Objection)
In order to avoid the negative impact of the Internet on us, we junior high school students should develop good online habits and consciously abide by network ethics. (Objective) According to the requirements of the National Youth Network Civilization Convention issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League and the Ministry of Education, (basis). The following initiatives were put forward: (concrete measures)
① Make full use of the advantages of the network to help students learn and improve their own quality.
② Go online in a civilized way, do not browse bad information, and do not patronize unhealthy networks and webpages.
(3) Control Internet access, scientifically arrange work and rest time, and don't indulge in computer games and online chat.
④ We should enhance our awareness of self-protection, consciously accept the supervision of parents and teachers, and don't date netizens at will.
I hope that students can surf the Internet with a healthy attitude and be good students who consciously abide by the "net morality". The determination and hope of the organizers.
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XX, 2005
(8) Problem-solving skills of scenario setting.
In recent years, a large number of situational test questions have appeared in the senior high school entrance examination. This kind of topic attaches great importance to starting from real life and combining the key knowledge propositions in textbooks to examine students' ability to participate in social life practice and use what they have learned to analyze and solve practical problems, which has strong practicality. Situational test questions generally require putting forward opinions, practices or reasons according to the situation, and paying special attention to the following points when answering:
1. Seriously understand the theme of the situation. Situational materials generally reflect a fragment of social life or student life, so we should carefully analyze, fully understand and understand the content of situational materials and make clear the theme of situational materials. Only in this way can we grasp the key and answer such questions well.
2. Return to the textbook and find the combination point with the textbook knowledge. The theme reflected by situational materials is often closely related to textbook knowledge. We should be good at thinking and analyzing what textbook knowledge is related to situational materials, and combine them organically to deeply understand the connotation of situational materials and judge whether the situational behavior provided by situational materials conforms to the textbook's point of view.
3. Combine the facts and scientifically integrate the answers. The problems or facts reflected in the scene materials should be compared with the real life scenes, and the correctness of the relevant scene behaviors should be carefully analyzed in combination with the learned knowledge. We should be good at divergent thinking, observe and analyze the relevant situation from multiple angles, and strive to find answers from many aspects, so as to put forward more scientific and reasonable viewpoints, practices or reasons in comparison.
[Example] When you are at the scene, please choose two questions from the following four questions, indicate the selected question number, and write the correct way and the corresponding brief reasons. (5 points for each small question, including 2 points for correct practice and 3 points for brief reasons. *** 10. )
(1) Situation 1: You find that your deskmate cheated in the exam.
(2) Situation 2: On the way to school, you find several lawless elements blackmailing small students.
(3) Situation 3: You find someone involved in gambling activities, such as Mark Six Lottery.
(4) Situation 4: One of your classmates dropped out of school.
[Reference answer]:
(1) Correct practice 1: Tell the teacher truthfully.
Correct way 2: dissuade them in time and persuade them to admit their mistakes to the teacher afterwards.
Reason: Cheating in the exam is a violation of discipline or a sign of dishonesty.
(2) The correct way 1: report the situation to the teacher.
Correct way 2: Call "1 10" to call the police (or remember the criminal's appearance and know his whereabouts, etc. ).
Reason: It is a citizen's duty for teenagers to be brave and good at fighting against illegal crimes or criminal acts.
(3) The correct way 1: dissuade in time. Correct way 2: report the case to the public security organ.
Reason: Gambling is illegal or it is the duty of citizens to fight against illegal crimes.
(4) The correct way 1: Mobilize students to return to school. Reason: It is compulsory for school-age children and adolescents to receive compulsory education for a specified number of years.
Correct way 2: persuade parents to let them go back to school. Reason: It is the family's responsibility to ensure that school-age children receive compulsory education for a specified number of years.
Scoring notes: ① Each small question can only answer one correct way and one corresponding reason. (2) Each small question in the reference answer only lists two ways and the corresponding reasons. Candidates who answer other practices and corresponding reasons can get extra points as appropriate as long as they are reasonable. (3) 5 points for each small question, including 2 points for correct practices and 3 points for brief reasons.