Classic of Zhidao Xue Le and Guo Xue D43 1
Mencius is dedicated.
twenty-one
original text
Mencius said: "A gentleman is to things, but loving others is [1] benevolence; Be kind to the people and be kind. Be kind to the people, be kind to the people and love things. "
To annotate ...
Woman: No.
translate
Mencius said: "A gentleman treats foreign things with care, but not with benevolence; A gentleman is kind to the people, but not to the people. A gentleman loves his relatives, implements benevolent policies for the people, and implements benevolent policies for the people, and will cherish everything in the world. "
analyse
Mencius talked about the attitude of a gentleman to everything in the world, to the people and to his loved ones. As can be seen from the article, these three are equal in the eyes of a gentleman. This is caused by the distance of the relationship, which is a natural manifestation. It can also be seen that Mencius advocates the principle of benevolence and righteousness from near to far, pushing oneself and others, which is also one of the principles advocated by Confucianism.
Twenty Two
original text
Mencius said: "He who knows [1] knows everything and it is imperative;" Benevolent people love the masses and are eager to kiss the sages. Yao's and Shun's knowledge is not everything, so it's urgent first. Yao Shun is a kind lover and wants to kiss the virtuous. Not three years of mourning, but slaps [2] and coolies [3]; Let the rice flow [4] and ask toothless [5], which is called ignorance. "
To annotate ...
[1] cure (cure): same as "cure".
[2]Si(sρ): fine linen, here refers to mourning. This kind of mourning has the shortest mourning time among the five kinds of mourning, about three months. In ancient times, the son-in-law wore this kind of mourning clothes for his parents-in-law.
[3] Xiao Gong: Xiao Gong is one level higher than Yan, and the mourning period is five months. In ancient times, the grandson mourned for his grandfather and once wore a small gong. Cha: Be careful.
[4] put rice: stutter. It is impolite in front of elders. Chuò: Gulp the soup.
[5] grit your teeth: bite with your teeth. This refers to eating meat with teeth.
translate
Mencius said: "smart people want to know everything, but the first thing they want to know is the most urgent thing at hand;" Benevolent people have nothing to cherish, but they are always eager to cherish talented people. Yao Shun's knowledge can't cover everything in the world, so he is in a hurry to do what is in front of him. Yao Shun's benevolence and righteousness can't spread to everyone, so they are eager to cherish the sages. You can't mourn for three years, but the small funeral in March and May is very particular. Don't eat and drink in front of the elderly, but practice the little etiquette of' eating meat without teeth' in front of the elderly. This is called ignorance. "
analyse
This article of Mencius mainly tells people that things must have priorities. Only in this way can we deal with urgent affairs and solve major problems in the first time. If you don't even have this basic order, you will become a person who doesn't know the main idea.