Chapter 1

"Five Odes of Jiangtou Lilac"

Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty

Lilac is weak and has tangled branches.

The leaves are thin with floating hairs, and the flowers are sparse and plain.

After being deeply planted in Xiaozhai, the common people are close to the secluded people.

If you fall into the orchids and musk deer at night, stop thinking about your pink body.

This lilac poem was written by the poet Du Fu in Chengdu in his later years. It makes people observe the details and describe them delicately. The first two sentences describe the shape of lilac flowers: lilac flowers are small and weak, and are tangled together. Instead, they hang down, and the branches have to serve as supports; the leaves are small, with a little fluttering catkin hairs on them. Among the branches and leaves, there are sparse flowers, simple and elegant colors, very gorgeous. The last two sentences are filled with emotion: I planted lilacs at the back of my study. When I was reading, I could stay very close and appreciate the beautiful charm of lilacs alone (Yuren is the poet's self-proclaimed term for a person who lives in seclusion.), the lilacs withered at night, However, it exudes a fragrance like orchid and musk deer, and there is no regret at all about its withering away. Du Fu's lilac poem highly praises the beautiful and delicate fragrance of lilac flowers, which is holy and elegant. He does not complain about his own withering, but instead emits a fragrance like orchid and musk to the world.

"Gift on behalf of others"

Li Shangyin of the Tang Dynasty

Upstairs, I want to rest at dusk, and the jade ladder is hooked in the middle of the moon.

The plantains do not show their lilac knots, but they all face the same sorrow in the spring breeze.

This song "Gift on behalf of others" is Li Shangyin's masterpiece. It describes a spring evening when lovers who have no hope of getting together look forward to seeing each other. Unfortunately, it is like a jade ladder in vain, with a crescent moon like a hook, unable to climb, and unable to meet each other. Like the unopened plantain and the tangled lilac, they are each depressed in the spring breeze, expressing the sorrow between lovers vividly.

"Lilac"

Lu Guimeng of the Tang Dynasty

"On the river, no one cares about you, but you have been drunk for ten years.

Diligently untie the lilac knots and let the branches spread to celebrate spring.

Lu Guimeng was an agriculturist and poet in the Tang Dynasty. He failed to win the imperial examinations many times and lived in seclusion. However, his heart was naturally not at peace. This poem "Lilac" uses it as a metaphor for himself. The general idea is: lilacs grow by the river, and no one cares about them. I stay away from the worldly world and live in seclusion. I have reached middle age. No one appreciates them. I am depressed and troubled. I want to have fun by myself, untie the lilac knots, and let others know. The lilac flowers bloom randomly, expressing the poet's desire to be appreciated and to display his talents.

, lilacs gather spring shoots.

Whether you are willing to return to the New Year or not, the green grass in the south of the Yangtze River is far away.

This lilac poem was written by Du Mu on behalf of others, and expresses the feeling of longing for someone who is leaving. (Because my lover is not here), I don’t want to dress up, I let my fluffy bun hang down to my embroidered collar, and I feel knotted in my heart, just like lilacs twisting in the treetops. I wonder if I can come back this year? But you know that Jiangnan is already covered with endless green grass. Integrating the spoken word "Shengken" into poetry expresses the tenderness and expectations of Jiangnan women.

"Drunken Flower Room"

Feng Yansi of the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties

In front of the independent stage, there are stars and moon, and the curtains are bright and clear. The branches of the frost tree are all empty, and the lilac knots are broken in the heart.

It’s cold and sleepless at night, and my suspicion and hatred never rest. When the railing is about to break, two jade chopsticks are hanging down for you.

Who can tell me this night of love?

The moon is setting, the frost is falling, the deep courtyard is closed, and the bridegroom is sleeping. The paulownia tree leans against the carved eaves, and the golden well is lined with Yao bricks.

The morning wind is as cold as a breeze, and I become haggard on my own. The idle sorrow is endless, and the mood of separation is unreasonable.

Don't think about it, and retire with regret.

Feng Yansi was a poet in the Southern Tang Dynasty during the Five Dynasties. "Ciography was the best among the Five Dynasties" and had a great influence on the poetry creation of the Song Dynasty. This song "Drunken Flowers" expresses the longing of the departed person. Among them, "The branches of the frost tree are all empty, and the lilac knots are broken in the heart.", and "The wind in the morning is still cold, and the independence becomes haggard." The poems describe the sorrow of lovesickness, which have been repeated thousands of times, and have been adapted by later generations.

Chapter 3

"Breaking Through the Sands of Huanxi"

Li Yu of the Southern Tang Dynasty

Hand-rolled pearls with jade hooks, heavy with the hatred of the previous spring building.

Who is the master of the falling flowers in the wind? I think about it.

The bluebird does not convey the message from the clouds, and the lilacs are empty and full of sorrow in the rain.

Looking back at the green waves of Sanchu Mu, connecting with the flow from the sky.

Li Yu, the later master of the Southern Tang Dynasty, was naturally a master of describing sorrow due to his life experience and talent. The upper column depicts the fallen flowers without owners and the hatred locked in the heavy building. The lower column uses bluebirds and lilacs to describe sadness. Looking back at the mountains and rivers, only the heart knot is incomprehensible. The form is used to highlight the psychology, implicit and deep, expressing emotions to the scene and embodying the emotion in the scene. It's sad.

Xichun even broke off the remaining red.

The rain is gentle, the wind is stormy, and the plums are green.

Yongfeng willows, no one is there, the flowers are flying and the snow is falling.

Don’t pluck the Yao string,

I blame the Ji string for being able to speak.

As time goes by, love never ends.

The heart is like a double mesh with thousands of knots in it.

The night has passed, and the moon is still shining in the east window.

Zhang Xian, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, was praised for his fine work of poetry. He was known as "Zhang Sanying", especially the beautiful line "The clouds break through the moon and the flowers make shadows" has always been praised by people. This song "Thousand Years Old" is also Zhang Xian's representative work. The top line reminds the spring, and the bottom line expresses feelings. It is subtle and delicate, graceful and fresh, with profound artistic conception and endless aftertaste. The word "Thousands of Knots" refers to a spider web, which is a metaphor for the knots of sorrow in the two people's hearts. It can barely be regarded as an application of the lilac knot.

"Lilac"

Song Wang Shipeng

There is sadness in the rain, and the branches are decorated with jade flowers.

For the flowers to make the eyes more beautiful, it is also famous as an accidental medicine.

Wang Shipeng, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, was full of poetic talent. He often composed poems by feeling the things he saw before his eyes. This poem "Lilac" is a relatively interesting poem. The main idea is: Lilacs are still in bud, and they look like flowers in the rain. Melancholy, covered with branches, as pure and pure as snowflakes, lilac is a very elegant flower name. Why does it have the same name as the traditional Chinese medicine lilac, causing confusion in medicines?