Cleisthenes' principal contribution to the creation of democracy at Athens was to complete the long process of weakening family and clan structures, especially among the aristocrats, and to set in their place locality-based corporations called demes, which became the point of entry for all civic and most religious life in Athens. (TPO40, 51)

democracy /d'mkrs/ n. Democracy, democratic politics, democratic system

clan /kln/ n. clan, family; group, gang

aristocrat /'rstkrt/ n. aristocrat

civic /'svk/ adj. city; citizen, citizen

Cleisthenes' principal contribution (to the creation of democracy at Athens) was (to complete the long process of weakening family and clan structures), (especially among the aristocrats), and (to set in their place locality- based corporations called demes), (which became the point of entry for all civic and most religious life in Athens. ) (TPO40, 51)

Sentence analysis:

The structure of this sentence is:

Cleisthenes' principal contribution was non-predicate and non-predicate

The first non-predicate: (to complete the long process of weakening family and clan structures)

The second non-predicate: (to set in their place locality-based corporations called demes)

Modification 1: (to the creation of democracy at Athens), prepositional phrase

Chinese: Creating democracy in Athens

Modification 2: (to complete the long process of weakening family and clan structures), non-predicate verb

Chinese: To complete the long process of weakening family and clan structures) Long-term process

Modification three: (especially among the aristocrats), prepositional phrase

Chinese: especially among the aristocrats

Modification four: (to set in their pla

ce locality-based corporations called demes), non-predicate verb

Chinese: set up locality-based corporations called demes in their place

Modification five: (which became the point of entry for all civic and most religious life in Athens. ), clause

中文: This became the entry point for all civic and most religious life in Athens.

Reference translation:

Cleisthenes' main contribution to the creation of Athenian democracy was that he completed the long-term process of weakening family and clan structures (especially aristocratic families and clan structures), and in They established place-based groups called demes, which became the entry point for all civic and most religious life in Athens.