1. The Japanese navy is arrogant and arrogant. Arrogant soldiers will fail, which is a true portrayal of the Japanese navy in this naval battle and the fundamental reason for the failure of the Japanese navy in this naval battle. In the initial stage of the war, the Japanese navy performed very well, especially the attack on Pearl Harbor, which was well planned, well prepared, accurate in operation and achieved unexpected brilliant results. However, because this stage was too smooth, the Japanese navy was carried away by victory. In this naval battle, there was no such conscientious attitude at the beginning of the war. The battle plan was made hastily, full of loopholes, and turned a deaf ear to objections. The exercise on the map to test the battle plan is also perfunctory. For example, during the exercise, Central South Cloud troops were attacked by American land-based aircraft during the air raid on Midway Island. The referee ruled that the Japanese fleet was hit nine times and two aircraft carriers were sunk. Major General Yuyuan, who can preside over the exercise, ordered that the number of hits be changed to three times, and that one aircraft carrier was sunk and the other was slightly injured, but soon the sunk aircraft carrier floated up from the bottom of the sea and participated in the next stage of the battle. The officers and men of Japan's First Mobile Force, Lieutenant General Tadashi Nayun, also held an attitude of "we can complete any task" and did not make serious preparations. The arrogance of the whole Japanese navy was also the root cause of a series of mistakes and the failure of the Japanese navy.
2. The failure of the intelligence war. At that time, the war had developed into multidimensional space, and information warfare and information warfare had become one of the main factors restricting the victory of the war. In this naval battle, the trump card for the US military to win is to decipher the password of the Japanese navy in advance, and to know the battle plan and deployment of the Japanese navy before the battle broke out. So we can concentrate on ambushing the Japanese. Lieutenant Colonel Leiden, who was in charge of deciphering the code at that time, predicted to the headquarters: "The Japanese mobile fleet will come from the northwest, bearing 325 degrees, and will be discovered by us at 175 nautical miles from midway, at 6 o'clock in midway time." When the Japanese fleet was discovered at the right time, Nimitz said to Lieutenant Colonel Leiden, "Congratulations, it is only 5 nautical miles short of what you predicted." On the other hand, Japan did not collect any valuable information before the war, and the scheduled reconnaissance operation was cancelled for various reasons. Therefore, he made a completely wrong judgment on the enemy's situation. The two sides are one bright and one dark, so that the United States enjoys the advantages of the first opportunity.
3. mistakes in Japan's battle plan. First of all, Japan made the mistake of dispersing its forces. Although there are many Japanese ships, they are divided into six that can't directly support each other, and two aircraft carriers are used in the far north, which makes the four aircraft carriers in the direction of midway mainly rely on Nanyun Fleet, and there are 261 carrier-based aircraft on these four aircraft carriers. The United States has concentrated its own strength, and all the planes that can be used in the direction of midway island have reached 354, which has an advantage in number. Secondly. The task given to Nanyun Fleet is two fundamentally contradictory tasks. One task is to air raid Midway Island to prepare for boarding operations. This strictly limits the freedom of movement of Nanyun Fleet. But another task is to contact the enemy fleet and annihilate it, which requires Nanyun fleet to act completely flexibly according to the situation. Without specifying which priority, Nanyun Fleet was at a loss. It was forced to load ammunition for different tasks on two waves of planes, and later it was delayed because of the replacement of ammunition, which delayed the fighter plane and suffered a disaster. Third, we did not pay attention to intelligence work and the means of collecting intelligence, which made it impossible to correctly identify the enemy.
4. Japan's concept of combat is backward. The United States sank all the battleships in Pearl Harbor. Instead, they let go of the shackles and set up a special mixed fleet with the aircraft carrier as the core. Other ships focused on protecting the aircraft carrier. Although Japan won the attack on Pearl Harbor by using carrier-based aircraft, there are still many supporters of the policy of "cannon giant ship" in the navy, including the battleship Yamato, the largest battleship in the world at that time, which was kept in Zhudao anchorage for future decisive battle. They played no greater role than the American battleship sunk at Pearl Harbor. The Japanese navy is unwilling to mix battleships and aircraft carriers into a fleet with aircraft carriers as the core, so that the battleships can provide air cover for the aircraft carriers, resulting in Nanyun Fleet having to rely on its own patrol aircraft to protect itself. When attacked by a midway plane, the Japanese fleet had to take off the cover fighters in the second wave of planes to meet them, resulting in the dive bombers that had been prepared after receiving the information from the US fleet without the cover of fighters. Nan Yun witnessed the failure of the American fighters without the cover of fighters, and did not want to repeat the same mistakes himself. He decided to reorganize his troops before attacking the US fleet, which delayed the fighters. Moreover, the task of fire preparation for landing operations can be completely undertaken by the battleship team, so that the hands and feet of Nanyun Fleet can be released.
5. Error in operational command. The first is to ignore the reconnaissance mission. Nanyun Fleet does not have a special reconnaissance plane flying team. Because it is unwilling to disperse its offensive forces, the reconnaissance task of Nanyun Fleet is mainly undertaken by the old seaplanes on battleships and cruisers in the formation. On that day, the Japanese fleet did not conduct a two-phase search, and two of the planes that conducted a single-phase search broke down, which delayed the departure time, causing the discovery of the American fleet to be delayed and directly affecting the war situation. Second, when Nan Yun got the information from the American fleet, he didn't take Yamaguchi's advice and immediately launched a dive bomber attack without the cover of a fighter plane, resulting in the sinking of the ship and the plane. Third, General Isoroku Yamamoto personally led the battleships to battle. In order to keep the radio silent, he gave up the guidance of the campaign automatically.
6. Differences in scientific and technological and industrial economic strength between the two countries. Japan lags behind the United States in science and technology, and an obvious proof is the application of radar technology. At that time, the American fleet was equipped with radar, and it was found before the Japanese fleet arrived and prepared in advance. The Japanese fleet was not equipped with radar, and all the warnings were based on visual inspection. When the American dive bomber attacked under the cover of clouds, it could not respond in time. And the industrial and economic strength of both sides also played a great role. Before the battle of midway, there was a naval battle in the Coral Sea. The Japanese aircraft carrier "Xianghe" was injured and needed a month's repair time. The "Ruihe" could not carry out the combat mission because of the heavy loss of personnel. The American aircraft carrier Lexington sank and the Yorktown was injured. In order to let the Yorktown participate in the naval battle of midway, the United States concentrated its efforts on repairing the Yorktown for three days and nights, and finally put it back on the battlefield, which made great contributions to the victory. The two sides can compare the level here. Japan reduced two aircraft carriers, but the United States increased one. The contrast between the two aircraft carriers became 4: 3, which greatly reduced the gap between the two sides and laid a solid foundation for the United States to win.