Principles and Methods of Reviewing Questions
The review of new material compositions should be based on the "Three Natures and Four Purities". "Three natures" are the principles for reviewing questions, and "four purity" are the methods for reviewing questions.
1. Principle of integrity: When reviewing new compositions, you must have an overall awareness and focus on the overall material, and cannot get entangled in local details, otherwise it is very likely that the topic will go off topic.
2. Multi-directional principle: Generally speaking, the viewpoints contained in the materials in new material compositions are not uniform. Different conclusions can be obtained from different angles. Therefore, you must learn to examine the materials from multiple angles.
3. Screening principle: Because the opinions we obtain from the materials are diverse, the opinions obtained must be appropriately screened when writing. Principles of screening:
① obey the overall content of the material; ② the viewpoint may be relatively novel; ③ have something to say.
1. Clarify the objects: Some materials may involve two or more objects. There is no obvious priority between these objects, but a parallel relationship. Therefore, in theory, at least one point of view can be extracted from each object.
2. Distinguish the priorities: Some materials may involve several objects, but these objects are not in a parallel relationship. There are priorities among them. Then, we should distinguish the priorities when reviewing the topic. Secondly, start the analysis from the main object, not the secondary object, otherwise there may be deviations from the topic.
3. Identify the relationship: Some materials may involve several objects, and there are certain internal relationships between these objects. When reviewing the topic, you must clearly identify the possible existence of these objects. relationship.
4. Analyze the meaning: Some materials contain metaphors or philosophies. When reviewing the topic, we should first analyze and ponder carefully to reveal the meaning or truth contained in the materials, and use this as the basis for making an argument.
Typical Guide
Read the following text and write an article of no less than 800 words according to the requirements. (2006 National College Entrance Examination Essay Question)
An eagle swooped down from the top of the Eagle Peak and snatched away a lamb.
A crow saw it and was very envious and thought: It would be great if I also had such a skill! So the crow imitated the eagle's diving posture and practiced hard.
One day, the crow felt that he had practiced very well, so he swooped down from the tree and jumped on the back of a goat. He wanted to grab the goat and fly up, but its body was too light. , the claws were entangled in the wool, and no matter how hard it flapped its wings, it could not fly, and was caught by the shepherd.
The shepherd's child saw it and asked what kind of bird it was. The shepherd said: "This is a bird that has forgotten its name." The child touched the crow's feathers and said: "It also It’s so cute!”
It requires a comprehensive understanding of the material, but you can choose one side or angle to formulate the composition. Determine the idea, style, and title independently; do not compose out of context, do not copy, and do not plagiarize.
Process Analysis
The "protagonist" of this material is the "crow", not the "eagle".
Facing the behavior of "crow" involves two different evaluations of "shepherd" and "child".
① Blind imitation
② Lack of self-knowledge
The shepherd “forgot his name”
③ Blindly aiming too high
④Smartness leads to misunderstandings
Crow
①Learning from the strong should be encouraged
②It is not a bad idea to "imitate others"
Child "It is also very cute"
③Have a spirit of desperate pursuit
④Imitation is the basis of innovation
Warm-up training
1. Read the following materials and compose as required.
More than half a century ago, Mr. Tao Xingzhi, a Chinese educator, had a famous saying that he highly praised and often used to educate students: "If you have two pieces of bread, you have to exchange one for a daffodil." "This sentence was said by Muhammad, the founder of Islam.
Do you have your own "narcissus" in your heart? When the green and goose yellow of narcissus bloom in your heart, will you feel a particularly happy and comfortable feeling?
A comprehensive understanding of the material is required, but you can choose one side or angle to formulate your composition. Determine the idea, style, and title independently; do not compose out of context, do not copy, and do not plagiarize.
Process Analysis
In the material, "If you have two pieces of bread, you have to exchange one for a daffodil" is a metaphor that is full of meaning.
"Bread" is for eating to maintain the body's needs. To have bread means to have a certain material life;
"Narcissus" is for looking at, making people happy. To have a Narcissus is to have a certain spiritual life.
①Why "exchange one piece instead of two pieces"? This shows that material life is the basis of spiritual life.
②Eat a piece of bread and exchange another piece for narcissus. This shows that after a person has a certain material life, he must also have a high-quality spiritual life. That is, after satisfying a certain material life, There must be a spiritual life.
2. Read the following materials and compose as required.
A solid lock was hung on the door. When the key came, his thin body got into the keyhole, and the lock opened with a "snap". The iron rod asked curiously: "Why can't I open it with so much effort, but you got it open easily?" The key said: "Because I know his heart best."
< p> This is a fable. The locks, keys, and iron rods in the story all have symbolic meanings. Please write an article of no less than 800 words based on the materials, your own perspective, your own topic, and the actual situation.Process Analysis
The "lock", "key" and "iron rod" in the material all use metaphors and have certain symbolic meanings.
"Lock" is a metaphor for problems and contradictions; "key" and "iron rod" are metaphors for two different methods of solving problems.
①The key - because I know his heart best - means that anything must be done based on understanding, a deep understanding of the essence of things, and a grasp of the laws of things, in order to do things well;
②The iron rod-cannot be opened even after so much effort-shows that people do not pay attention to methods and act recklessly. Therefore, if you pay attention to scientific methods in doing things, you will get twice the result with half the effort; if you act recklessly, you will only make things worse.
3. Read the following materials and compose as required.
A blind man crossed a dry stream and lost his way. He climbed onto the wooden shield with both hands and held it firmly, for he would surely fall into the abyss. The passer-by told him, "There is no need to fear, as soon as you put down the second piece, you will find the real place." The blind man didn't believe it, so he held a wooden shield and a trombone. After a while, my hands got tired and I dropped my hand to the ground. Naizi said: "Hey, if you know this is true, how long will you suffer?"
Please choose your own angle according to the material, draw up your own topic, connect it with the actual situation, and write an article of no less than 800 words. article.
Process Analysis
The protagonist of this article is a blind man. The author's attitude towards him is ironic. The reason why the blind man "suffers from himself for a long time" is that he does not believe in advice, holds on cautiously, and dies. Don't let go. On the basis of this understanding, we can derive ideas and propositions such as "letting go first is the real thing", "learn to let go and dare to let go", "only when you don't do something can you do something".
If you look at the perspective of a "passer", you can get the idea of ??"helping others to the end", or from the perspective of a "blind person", you can get the idea that "you can't have your own way" and "you must be good at listening to advice." It's not quite appropriate when you make up your mind. Although the former can be explained, the "passer" is a minor character. If you focus on him, you will not get the main idea and fail to achieve an "overall grasp"; the latter is logically "unable to deduce" because he has not "understood the material thoroughly" .
4. Read the following materials and compose as required.
When boxing champion Ali was 33 years old, he fought for the third time with challenger Frazier. By the time the 14th round progressed, Ali was exhausted and had almost no energy left to face the 15th round. However, he persisted desperately, because he knew in his heart that the other party must be like himself, and if he could overwhelm the other party mentally, he might win. So he tried his best to maintain a resolute expression and an attitude of never bowing. His eyes were like lightning, which made Frazier shudder, thinking that Ali still had strong physical strength. Ali's coach noticed that Frazier had the idea of ??giving up, and gave a hint with his eyes. Ali. Ali refreshed his spirit and persisted even more tenaciously. Sure enough, at the critical moment, his opponent gave up.
Ali, who had successfully defended his title, had not even reached the center of the ring when his vision went dark and his legs were weak and he knelt on the ground. Fraser felt as if he had been struck by lightning when he saw this scene, and regretted it for the rest of his life.
It is required to fully understand the material, but you can choose one side or angle to conceive the composition. Determine the idea, style, and title independently; do not compose out of context, do not copy, and do not plagiarize.
Process Analysis
Grasp key phrases: According to the material, "persevere desperately", "overwhelm the opponent mentally", "maintain a resolute expression and the momentum of never bowing", "more tenaciously" Phrases such as "persistence" can have the following meanings: "persistence is victory". This is the simplest idea, and it is also easy to follow others' opinions; "persistence means overcoming the opponent (difficulties or enemies) mentally", "pick up the spirit" Then you can persevere tenaciously." These two ideas are a bit complicated.
Analysis from the object:
From Fraser's point of view: "We are evenly matched, but giving up in a moment means failure."
Based on the perspective of two people: "Victory and failure are close neighbors, it depends on whether to persist or give up."
5. Read the text below and compose according to the requirements.
Two people, an old man and a young man, were planting poplar trees in the desert at the same time. After the young people have waited for the saplings to become alive, they have to come and water them every three days. However, once the old people have waited for the saplings to become alive, they rarely come. Even if they come, they only come to help the saplings that have been blown down by the wind. Pour a little water. In the blink of an eye, several years have passed, and the poplar trees have grown very thick. Suddenly one day there was a sandstorm. After the wind stopped the next day, the two were surprised to find that almost all the poplar trees planted by the young people were blown down by the wind, and some were even uprooted. However, the trees planted by the old man were only blown by the wind. Break some branches and blow off some leaves. The young man was very surprised. When asked why, the old man said: "If you water and fertilize the tree regularly, its roots will not penetrate deep into the soil. If you ignore the tree after it is brought alive, it will force them to grow. With such deep roots, how can these trees be easily blown down by the wind?"
A comprehensive understanding of the material is required, but you can choose a side or an angle. Conceive a composition. Independently determine the idea, style, and title; do not compose out of context, do not copy, and do not plagiarize.
Process Analysis
The material involves several objects such as "old people", "young people", and "poplar trees".
① From the analysis of "the Populus euphratica grown by the elderly will not be affected after the sandstorm", we can draw the following conclusion: in terms of children's education and talent cultivation, we must have scientific methods and a long-term vision .
② From the analysis of "all the poplars planted by young people were blown down by the wind after the sandstorm", we can draw the conclusion that blind care and love may delay the life of the person being cared for.
③ From the analysis of "how poplar trees can withstand sandstorms", we can draw the conclusion that adversity can make people successful, and good times may make life fragile, so we need to lay a solid foundation.
6. Read the following materials and compose as required.
A man had an excellent bow made of ebony wood. He could shoot far and accurately with this bow, so he cherished it very much. Once, when he looked at it carefully, he said: "You are a little bulky! It doesn't look good at all. What a pity! - But this can be remedied!" He thought: "I will ask the show artist to carve some on the bow. Picture." So he asked an artist to carve a complete hunting picture on the bow.
"What is more suitable for this bow than a hunting picture!" The man was full of joy, "You should be equipped with this kind of decoration, my dear bow!" As he said, he He tried it; he tightened the bow, but it broke.
It is required to fully understand the material, but you can choose one side or angle to conceive the composition. Independently determine the idea, style, and title; do not compose out of context, do not copy, and do not plagiarize.
(Organization)
Process Analysis
Why does the bow break? The reason is that the hunter is entirely based on personal preference and overly focused on the appearance of the bow.
Therefore:
① People often judge or act based on their own subjective likes and dislikes, but the results are often counterproductive;
② Paying attention to appearance and underestimating the inner will cause endless harm;
③Everything will have imperfections, so there is no need to demand perfection in everything.