Hugo 1802 was born in Besancon in the east of France. My grandfather is a carpenter, and my father is an officer of the Republic army. He was awarded the rank of general by Joseph Bonaparte, the brother of King Napoleon of Spain, and was a close friend of the king.
Hugo is very talented and smart. At the age of 9, he began to write poems. Go back to Paris to study at the age of 65,438+00. After graduating from high school, he entered law school, but his interest was writing. /kloc-when he was 0/5 years old, he wrote Reading Music at the French Academy, which was rewarded by the French Academy. 17 years old, won the first prize of "Hundred Flowers Poetry Competition". At the age of 20, he published a collection of poems, Ode to Poetry. Later, he was disappointed with Bourbon and July Dynasties and became a Republican. He also wrote many poems, plays and plays. He created a large number of novels with distinctive features and practiced his thoughts.
1827, Hugo published the play Cromwell and its preface. Although the script was not performed, the preface was regarded as a declaration of French romanticism and an epoch-making document in the history of literature. It greatly promoted the development of French romantic literature.
From 65438 to 0830, Hugo's play Onani was staged in the French Grand Theatre, which had a great influence and established the leading position of romanticism in French literature.
Onani tells the story of a robber from Spain, Onani, who rebelled against the king in the16th century. Hugo praised the robber's chivalry and aristocratic temperament, showing a strong anti-feudal tendency.
1830 In July, the "July Revolution" occurred in France, and the feudal restoration dynasty was overthrown. Hugo enthusiastically praised the revolution, the revolutionaries, and wrote poems to mourn the heroes who died in the street fighting.
Notre Dame de Paris, published in 183 1, is Hugo's most romantic novel and one of his representative works. The plot of the novel is bizarre, tense, vivid, unpredictable, dramatic and legendary, which shows Hugo's strong hatred for the feudal government and church and his deep sympathy for the lower classes.
After the "July Revolution", France established the "July Dynasty" ruled by the big bourgeoisie headed by the financier Louis Philippe. In the July dynasty, Hugo was constantly being wooed. 184 1 year, Hugo was elected to the French bachelor's college. 1845, Louis Philippe made him a French aristocrat and became a member of the French House of Lords. Hugo's enthusiasm for struggle in creation has weakened. 1843, he wrote a mysterious play "garrison officer", which was booed by the audience and failed. Hugo was silent for nearly 10 years without writing.
1848 In June, the people of Paris held a revolution, overthrew the July dynasty and established a republic. Hugo didn't understand the revolution at first, but when the big bourgeoisie plotted to destroy the Republic, Hugo became a staunch Republican. 185 1 65438 In February, louis bonaparte staged a coup, and Hugo participated in the anti-coup uprising organized by Republicans. After louis bonaparte came to power, the Second Empire of France was established. He pursued a policy of terror and ruthlessly suppressed the rebels. Hugo was persecuted and had to go into exile.
Victor Hugo
During his exile, Hugo persisted in his struggle with Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte. He wrote political satirical pamphlets and poems and lashed out at Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte's dictatorship. During this period, he published the novels Les Miserables, Marine Laborers and Smiling Man.
1870 When the Franco-Prussian War broke out, after France was defeated in Sedan, the Prussian army pushed Paris. At the critical moment of national peril, Hugo returned to the motherland after 19 years in exile. He made speeches everywhere, calling on the French people to rise up against the German aggressors and defend the motherland. He also bought two cannons with the reward of his work and reading poems, which showed his lofty patriotism.
When the Paris Commune revolted, Hugo didn't understand the revolution. However, when the commune failed and the reactionary government frantically suppressed the commune members, Hugo angrily condemned the cruelty of the reactionaries. He called for the pardon of all commune members and announced in the newspaper that his residence in Brussels, Belgium would be used as a refuge for exiled members. To this end, his home was attacked by reactionary thugs, and he almost died, but he still held his ground.
Hugo died in 1885. The French people held a state funeral for this great poet. His body was buried in the pantheon built for the burial of great men.
The first Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded in 190 1 year, but Hugo died in 1885 on May 22nd, so despite his high literary achievements, he still missed the Nobel Prize.
Victor hugo-souvenir
1802 was born in Besancon in the east of France on February 26th.
Victor hugo's works
18 19 co-founded the conservative literature biweekly with the romantic poet Winnie the Pooh and others. Publish the first poem in a journal.
1822 compiled the first collection of poems, poems and miscellaneous poems. Marry Edna at St. Supes Cathedral.
1825 was awarded the medal of honor to attend the coronation ceremony of Charles X.
1827 published Cromwell and the famous romantic manifesto, and became the leader of the romantic movement.
183 1 year completed the romantic literary masterpiece and novel Notre Dame de Paris (that is, the hunchback of Notre Dame de Paris).
184 1 was elected to the French Academy in and publicly expressed his support for constitutional monarchy.
1843, the script Les Burgraves failed, and his daughter Leo Paulding died unexpectedly, so he stopped his new work and turned to politics.
/kloc-became a nobleman in 0/845 and was named Count Hugo.
1848 set up a major event magazine.
He was arrested and imprisoned on 1850, and Hugo fled Paris under the pseudonym of Wen Lan.
Victor Hugo
185 1 year, louis bonaparte launched a coup to declare monarchy, and Hugo was forced into exile.
1853 published a collection of poems full of ironic political meanings.
1862, he published the immortal social novel Les Miserables.
Hugo's wife Edna died in 1868.
1870, the third Republican government was established, ending 19 years of exile and returning to Paris.
187 1 was elected as a representative of the national assembly.
Hugo 1876 was elected senator.
1883, the third volume of the century legend is completed.
1May 22, 885, died in Paris. /kloc-in June, 2000, Hugo's coffin was placed under the Arc de Triomphe for all the people to see and buried in the Great Man Cemetery in Paris.
Victor hugo-Major Works
Victor hugo's works
1827: Cromwell (script)
1829: Oriental (Poetry)
1830: El Nani (script)
183 1: Notre Dame de Paris (novel).
1838: Ruybras (script)
1853: Poetry
1856: Meditation (Poetry)
1862: Les Miserables (novel)
1869: men's quick words (novel)
1859-1883: The Legend of Siecles (Poetry)
1874: quart-Wingate-Treize (novel)
Victor hugo-masterpiece
Victor hugo's works
Notre Dame de Paris (183 1) is Hugo's first large-scale romantic novel. It wrote a story that happened in France in the15th century: Claude, the vice bishop of Notre Dame, was hypocritical and snake-hearted, and loved first and then hated, persecuting the gypsy girl Ais Melar. Quasimodo, the ugly and kind bell ringer, gave his life to save the girl. The novel exposes the hypocrisy of religion, declares the bankruptcy of asceticism, praises the kindness, friendship and self-sacrifice of the lower working people, and embodies Hugo's humanitarian thought.
The novel Smiling Man, published in 1869, has the same beauty and ugliness as Notre Dame de Paris. The protagonist Gwen Alvin was born in a noble family, but when she was a child, she was disfigured by intrigue in the court. Later, it was adopted by the folk artist Xiong. So Gwen Alvin is the son of the people. Later, the novel turned around and Gwen Alvin's fate was ups and downs. But because of the death of her lover "Goddess" (transliteration "Di"), she was completely desperate and threw herself into the river. The creation of The Smiling Man marks the author's great step towards realism.
Les Miserables best represents Hugo's thought and artistic style. With his outstanding artistic charm, he showed the cruel reality of enslavement of working people and forced prostitution in capitalist society. However, the author is convinced that only moral influence is the best way to cure social disasters. Although there are many realistic factors in the novel, it is still a romantic masterpiece in terms of characterization, environmental description, symbolism and contrast skills.
93 is Hugo's last novel. The two opposing characters in the novel, Guo Wen, a revolutionary, and Marquis Landnak, a royalist, are another contrast between good and evil in Hugo's works. Guo Wen saved three children by missing the Marquis Rantenak alive, but he did not hesitate to put himself on the guillotine and let the enemy leader go. This arrangement can best reflect Hugo's belief in compassion and pure conscience. Notre Dame de Paris and Les Miserables have been made into movies for many times, which have been widely circulated around the world and become classics.
Victor hugo-Introduction to Works
Hugo's poems
Hugo wrote 26 poems in his creative career of more than half a century. In the history of world poetry, Hugo should occupy a prominent position, because his poems show us an "eloquent and ordinary image of basic human feelings" and his heart "has political and social myths" (Eton Pican's History of World Literature).
1, basic theme:
Yearning for freedom; Enthusiastically support the national liberation movement; Expose and resist tyranny; Pay attention to the reality of polarization between the rich and the poor; Serious attitude towards major historical events; Sigh and praise for life, love and natural scenery.
2. Artistic achievements:
(1) has opened up the field of poetry, and it is easy to write whether it is lyrical, satirical, scenery-writing, history-chanting or philosophical thinking;
(2) full of passion, sometimes solemn and dignified, sometimes magnanimous, bold and broad style, eloquent;
(3) Applying the principle of contrast to poetry creation, such as figurative images, using opposing words, and unexpectedly summarizing sentences, with strong contrast;
(4) Make good use of appositive metaphors, such as "wolf in heart" and "giant in Europe", and combine abstract concepts with concrete images to produce new meanings, which are closely related to symbolism;
(5) The imagination is rich, and the splendor of the Garden of Eden and the splendor of the Oriental Night are colorful, and even inanimate things have life forms;
(6) The language is rich and colorful, and the rhythm is used freely. It can write love poems with pastoral songs and philosophical reflections with carols, which is directly related to symbolism and Barnabas.
3. Appreciation of Hugo's Poetry
Half asleep
The cold breath of shadows filled the house,
The night is deep, everything is quiet and the shape is dark.
Wandering back and forth on the pillow.
When I become something, I feel
Things around you become people,
My wall is a face, looking at the gloomy sky,