The ancient summaries of "Reading thousands of books, writing like a god" and "A clever woman can't cook without rice" illustrate the importance of "accumulation" in writing from both positive and negative aspects. "Usually rely on accumulation, the examination room depends on play", which is the same experience of the students in the examination room.

(A) language to establish a "vocabulary". Vocabulary is the cell of an article. Vocabulary in a broad sense refers not only to the collection of words and phrases, but also to sentences and sentence groups. There are two ways to establish "vocabulary": the first is reading. Usually, you should read books, newspapers and periodicals extensively, take reading notes, extract some beautiful words, sentences and paragraphs from a specific notebook, or make reading cards. The second is life. At ordinary times, we should capture the fresh language in the common spoken language and write it down in a small notebook or card that we carry with us. Over time, we can say it chapter by chapter and write it beautifully.

(2) Strengthen the accumulation of materials. Materials are the flesh and blood of the article. Because many students usually don't pay attention to accumulating materials, they are worried every time they write a composition, or edit or copy it. The solution to this problem is to accumulate materials. Usually, you can take a video camera and tape recorder with you, observe life deeply, actively participate in life, and record your experiences in family life, campus life and social life in time in the form of sketching, keeping a diary and writing observation notes. When recording, we should grasp the details and the characteristics of people, things, things and scenery. The article written in this way is flesh and blood.

(3) We should strengthen ideological accumulation. Opinion is the soul of an article. The center of the article is not clear, or the thought is not profound, which often shows that the author's thought is superficial. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a "think tank". There are two ways: first, be thoughtful. "One more miss, one more gain." Think deeply at ordinary times and ask "why", "what" and "how" when something happens. So you can see the essence through the phenomenon. It is also necessary to record the "sparks" of thinking and the conclusions of thinking at any time. The second is compilation, that is, extracting famous sayings and aphorisms.

In short, the composition should be accumulated, and the three writing warehouses of vocabulary, material and thought should be regularly counted, sorted and classified to continuously enrich and expand.

Second, learn to observe before writing a good composition.

Mr. Lu Xun emphasized two points when answering the question of "how to write good articles" for young artists: one is to read more books, and the other is to practice more. Here, "seeing more" means observing more. This shows that in order to write a good article and master skillful writing skills, it is necessary to observe more and learn to observe, and observation is the necessary premise and foundation of writing.

Russian novelist Chekhov earnestly warned beginners: "A writer must train himself to be a keen observer and never give up! -It is a habit to exercise your own observation, as if it were second nature. " It takes time to hone observation into habit and second nature, which is very useful and remarkable.

Pay attention to the people, events, sights and things around you, and hunt for the materials needed in the composition: be interested in some seemingly insignificant but meaningful things, and pay attention to the cause, process and result of things; You should pay attention to how the plants in the campus flower beds change their colors all year round, and learn to get to the bottom of it and find out the ins and outs of these changes; You should go out, enter the society, meet more people, observe their words and deeds, think about some things, and integrate into your own thoughts at any time. This is the process of observation, and the following points should be paid attention to in the process of observation:

(a) Observation should not be limited to "eyes". Broadly speaking, more practical observation refers to mobilizing all the five senses of people: listening with ears, feeling with the body and, more importantly, thinking with the mind, so that the observation will be more delicate and profound.

(2) Pay attention to the use of "bad writing" in the observation process. As the saying goes, a good memory is better than bad writing. Many students see a lot and think a lot every day, but they are not good at writing it down at any time, which will waste the observed materials and a lot of valuable things.

(3) Pay special attention to perseverance in observation. Don't make "brain fever". Three minutes of heat is not conducive to writing a good composition. You should observe life and think about every day in your life, so that you can write wonderful articles.

Learning to observe plays a great role in laying the foundation and promoting a good composition. Without observation, you often find it difficult to write. May you learn to observe, constantly cultivate and improve your ability to observe, and make great progress in your writing practice.

Third, the meaning is high, and the text wins.

Intention is to establish the center and intention of the article. So what problems should the article pay attention to when expounding ideas?

(A) the idea should be correct

Correctness is the first meaning of the article. The so-called correctness is to ensure that the feelings and thoughts of the article are correct, in line with the nature and laws of objective things, in line with China's basic political principles, in line with people's basic moral requirements, and can give people positive inspiration.

(2) single-minded.

"The problem of composition is more expensive than being single. Specialization is fine, and dispersion is stupid. " No matter how complicated things are, the main idea cannot be dispersed. An article should explain both this problem and that point of view, and it is ambiguous to ramble. In fact, if you want to cover everything, it is definitely not in place. Moreover, an article can only have one center. Instead of "biting off more than one can chew", it is better to concentrate on expressing a center with pen and ink. Even if we express the center through several things, we should stick to the center, keep the same goal, pay attention to the combination of materials and centers, and let all the forces contained in materials point to the center.

(c) Ideas should be novel.

The article is the most taboo to echo others' opinions, and the novel angle is the core of composition innovation. The novelty of the idea requires jumping out of the old box and not following the advanced thinking, habitual thinking or the original psychological formula, but examining the alternative content contained in the topic from a unique perspective to avoid what others often write and what others have not written. Even if the same writing object can always be cut in from multiple angles, as long as we break the mindset, stand at the height of the times, avoid "vulgarity" and seek "difference", think from multiple angles and sides, or associate, expand, analogize or reverse, and build your most beautiful rainbow in the colorful sky.

(4) be profound.

Profound conception means that the established theme is not the superficial truth that people are familiar with, but to look at the essence through the phenomenon and dig deeper meaning.

(5) ingenious conception.

In limited words, if you want to express profound thoughts, you can only see the world from a grain of sand, reproduce the whole picture of life from one branch and one leaf, and describe and think about society and life from one drop, one fragment, one moment and one phenomenon, that is, you should focus on the big picture and put pen to paper in a small place, but you can see great dullness from a small angle.

Fourth, how to write a good article about things.

How to write a good article? Please remember the following five points:

(1) Explain the origin

Introducing the history of the article in one or two sentences at the beginning of the article naturally leads to the following.

(2) Specific description

Through color and modeling, the shape of the article is accurately outlined, and the characteristics are written, giving people a distinct feeling. Use some appropriate rhetorical devices to develop a reasonable imagination. Give it emotion, and it will make things on paper come alive.

(C) the combination of static and dynamic

Write the static shape characteristics first, and then write its dynamics. This will add some interest and the articles written will be more vivid.

(4) Interpretation function

Each item has its own unique function. Generally speaking, this kind of article should explain the function of the article at the end, which will highlight the characteristics of the article.

(5) Integration with feelings

Between the lines, it is necessary to reveal the author's love and cherish for the things described, which will enhance the appeal of the article.

Reading more books, essays, poems and novels can help you write a good composition.

Write your true feelings and embellish them with words.

First of all, we should accumulate composition materials.

Accumulating rich composition materials is the first condition for writing a good composition. Many experts in writing are quick-thinking, and the important reason is that they have a rich library of materials in their minds. They can write articles with ease and make ends meet. If students want to write a good composition, they must make great efforts to accumulate composition materials. Writer Qin Mu said: "A writer should have three warehouses: a direct material warehouse containing materials obtained from life; One indirect warehouse contains materials from books and materials, and the other is a warehouse that collects people's languages on a daily basis. With these three articles, it is better to write. " The first two warehouses mentioned in this passage are exactly what students should do to write a good composition.

1. The best way to accumulate "life materials" is to keep an observation diary. The common problem for students to keep diaries is a running account. I am too lazy to write because I feel boring. I suggest you write according to the method taught by Mr. Lao She: "You should carefully observe the character and characteristics of Lao Wang or Lao Li around you, pay attention at any time, write it down at any time ... remember it every day and form a habit." A gust of wind blows, you write it down; You can also write down the next shower, because you don't know what day it is, and you need to describe a gust of wind or shower in your work. Without this accumulation, there will be no money. "

|2, accumulate "materials from books", on the one hand, combine reading and writing in Chinese class through classroom reading; On the other hand, we should rely on extracurricular reading and insist on writing abstract reading notes. If each excerpt uses a piece of paper, it is a reading card. As the saying goes, "a good memory is not as good as a bad writing." No matter how strong the memory is, after a long time, there are always some things that will be forgotten. If you extract what you think is wonderful when reading, you can not only avoid forgetting, but also facilitate reading.

The so-called "wonderful content" worth refining. It is related to readers' interests, hobbies, level, needs and other factors, and there is no unified standard. Generally speaking, wonderful aphorisms, vivid descriptions, novel and profound viewpoints, lively and interesting dialogues and even beautiful words can be classified and extracted. In order to facilitate future reference, it is also necessary to indicate the source of materials after the original excerpt.

Many students have written excerpts or reading notes, but not many insist on writing. Unfortunately, a useful job fell by the wayside. According to statistics, Marx wrote Das Kapital and wrote 1500 kinds of "abstracts". Lenin wrote philosophical notes and directly quoted dozens of philosophical works. Like a revolutionary teacher, insisting on writing abstract reading notes will make you smart, full and rich, and make you think quickly when writing in the future.

Second, we should train according to the law of step by step.

Improving writing ability is not a one-off event, it needs long-term planning. Therefore, we should arrange the order of composition training. What is the most reasonable order? From the growth of many writers, we have seen colorful "sequences", and it is still difficult to say which is the universal truth. The following is the training sequence of "seven before seven after", which may be a common meaning. Please refer to your own situation.

1 Practice writing narrative and descriptive articles first, and then practice writing explanatory and argumentative papers.

Practice writing what you have experienced before writing what others have reported.

Pay attention to training observation and accumulation first, and then pay attention to training analysis and expression.

Practice writing simple things first, and then practice writing complex things.

5. Don't be limited by the "frame" of writing, let go of the courage of writing; Then according to the basic requirements and characteristics of different articles, standardized training is carried out.

6 "Imitate" first, and write an article drawing a gourd according to the same pattern; After "creation", write novel and unique articles.

7 First, make the article as long as possible, emphasizing expansion and dissemination; After that, try to write a short essay, paying attention to conciseness.

The above "seven before seven after" conforms to the law of people's understanding of things, from concrete to abstract, and the law of ability training, from low to high, from clumsy to skilled. As for when or to what extent as the first and second boundaries, this is another problem that cannot be "one size fits all" and must be analyzed in detail. It's not bad if some students arrange the above seven first and then seven alternately and repeatedly, such as imitating creation and then imitating creation.

Third, we should develop good writing habits.

After students enter junior high school from primary school, composition training has embarked on a new course, and special attention should be paid to cultivating their good writing habits. From the writing experience of the winning students in the composition competition, we summarized the following seven good writing habits for students' reference.

1 The habit of "writing a little every day". Many award-winning students said that their composition won the prize because they insisted on keeping a diary. If there is more time, they will write more, and if there is less time, they will write less, even if it is as few as dozens of words. This is really an experience. As the saying goes, "Never leave your fist, never leave your mouth". Writing every day can make your writing more dexterous and accumulate a lot of composition materials.

2. The habit of "thinking through the whole article and writing an outline of the composition". Don't write a composition unless you know what to write in the next paragraph. You must conceive the whole article and fix the "framework" of the conceived composition in the form of an outline. People who have been engaged in writing for a long time also have an outline before they start writing, but some hide the outline in their stomachs and call it a "draft by heart."

3 the habit of "reciting the first draft of the article". In ancient times, there was a habit of "singing" and "humming" when writing poems, because there were many problems that could not be "read" or read aloud. If you are in the examination room, you can only read silently to find out whether the sentence is fluent, whether the tone is coherent, whether the context is fluent and whether the phonology is harmonious.

4. The habit of "seriously modifying". The ancients said, "An article is never tired of changing", which is the golden advice of writing a good article and the experience of all article experts. Without this habit, it is almost impossible to write a good article.

5 "Don't tell lies" habit. Any good article must be the expression of the author's true feelings, and any falsehood can't fool the reader's eyes. If a student is terminally ill while learning to write, there is little hope of improvement in the future of the composition.

6 "Don't write hard, force yourself to write" habit. Lu Xun said, if you can't write, don't write hard. Of course it's right, because what you try to write is bound to be false. However, if students can't write the composition proposition of the leading teacher for a while, they must not refuse to hand in the paper on the grounds of "not working hard". If you can't write it for a while, it's ok to put it aside for a while, but if you force yourself to think and check your "material library" thoroughly, you will definitely find materials that meet the proposition. After many times of "forcing yourself to write", I opened my mind and improved my writing level.

7. The habit of "keeping your face clean and writing in a standardized way". Nowadays, young students generally pay attention to their appearance, which is understandable. The neatness and standardization of "writing" is a tool for composition and is naturally necessary.