A brief introduction to the life of the world-famous scientist Hawking. Stephen William Hawking was born on January 8, 1942 in Oxford, England. He graduated from the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge, and received a doctorate in philosophy from the University of Cambridge. Bachelor of Science. The reason why he has been in a wheelchair for 46 years is because he unfortunately suffered from Lou Gehrig's disease, which causes muscle atrophy when he was 21 years old. His speeches and questions and answers can only be completed through a speech synthesizer. Professor of the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at the University of Cambridge, UK, he is the most important contemporary general relativity and cosmologist. He is one of the great men with international reputation in this century. He is known as the greatest living scientist and is also known as "the universe". King". Hawking was born on January 8, 1942 in Oxford, England, on the 300th anniversary of Galileo's death. In the 1970s, he and Penrose proved the famous singularity theorem, for which they jointly won the Wolf Prize in Physics in 1988. He is therefore known as the world's most famous scientific thinker and most outstanding theoretical physicist after Einstein. He also proved the area theorem of a black hole, which states that the area of ??a black hole does not decrease as time increases. This naturally leads people to relate the area of ??a black hole to the thermodynamic entropy. In 1973, he considered the quantum effects near black holes and found that black holes emit radiation like a black body. The temperature of its radiation is inversely proportional to the mass of the black hole. In this way, the black hole will slowly become smaller due to radiation, while the temperature will become higher and higher. It ends with a last-minute explosion. The discovery of black hole radiation is of extremely fundamental significance, unifying gravity, quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics. ,After 1974, his research turned to quantum gravity theory. Although a successful theory has not yet been developed, some of its characteristics have been discovered. For example, space-time is not flat at the Planck scale (10^-33 centimeters), but is in a state of foam. There is no pure state in quantum gravity, and the causality is destroyed, thus raising the unknowability from classical statistical physics and quantum statistical physics to the third level of quantum gravity. After 1980, his interest turned to quantum cosmology. , In July 2004, Hawking revised his original view of the "black hole paradox" to be wrong, and information should be conserved. , his subtitle is From the Big Bang to Black Holes. Hawking believed that his lifetime contribution was to prove the inevitability of black holes and the Big Bang singularity in the framework of classical physics. Black holes become larger and larger; but in the framework of quantum physics, he pointed out that black holes become larger and larger due to radiation. Becoming smaller and smaller, the singularity of the Big Bang is not only smoothed out by quantum effects, but the entire universe began here. The details of theoretical physics will change over the next 20 years, but as far as concepts are concerned, it is now quite complete. Hawking's life is very legendary. In terms of scientific achievements, he is one of the most outstanding scientists in history. His contributions were made while he was confined to a wheelchair for 20 years due to Lou Gehrig's disease. , which is truly unprecedented. Because his contributions had a profound impact on human concepts, the media has already had many descriptions of his struggle with general paralysis. Therefore, God is fair to everyone. He has physical disabilities, but he is very smart! Despite this, the scene when one of the translators (Xu Mingxian) saw him for the first time in 1979 is still vivid in his mind. It was the first time I attended the discussion class of Hawking's general relativity group in Cambridge. After the door opened, suddenly a very weak electrical sound sounded behind my head. When I looked back, I saw a skinny man lying on an electric wheelchair. He drives the electric switch himself. The translator tried to remain polite and not appear unduly surprised, but he was used to the surprise of those who saw him for the first time at the extent of his disability. It took a lot of effort for him to hold his head up. Before losing his voice, he could only speak in a very weak and deformed language. This language could only be understood after working and living with him for several months. He cannot write, and reading must rely on a machine that turns pages. When reading documents, he must have each page spread out on a large desk, and then he drives the wheelchair to read page by page like a silkworm eating mulberry leaves. People have to have deep respect from the bottom of their hearts for the fact that there are souls among human beings who pursue the ultimate truth with such a strong will. From his help with the translator's personal affairs, we can see that he is a very humane person. Every day he had to drive his wheelchair from his home at No. 5 Cambridge West Road, past the beautiful River Cam and the ancient King's College, to the office of the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics on Silver Street. The department built a ramp specifically to facilitate his wheelchair. , one of the translators of this book studied under Hawking for four years and completed his doctoral thesis under his guidance. This book was translated into Chinese at the request of Hawking so that one-fifth of the human population can understand his theories. , he also proved the area theorem of black holes. Hawking's life is very legendary. In terms of scientific achievements, he is one of the most outstanding scientists in history. At the University of Cambridge, which is rich in academic tradition, the position he held was the most lofty professorship in the history of Cambridge University, which was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics held by Newton and Dirac. He holds several honorary degrees and is a fellow of the Royal Society. , he suffered from "ALS" (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Lou Gehrig's disease) and was confined to a wheelchair for 40 years. However, he was physically disabled but not mentally disabled, turning it into an advantage and overcoming it. He suffered from disability and became a supernova in the international physics community.

He couldn't write and couldn't even speak clearly, but he transcended theories such as relativity, quantum mechanics, and the Big Bang and entered the "geometric dance" that created the universe. Even though he was sitting so helplessly in a wheelchair, his mind brilliantly traveled across the vastness of time and space and solved the mysteries of the universe. Hawking's charm lies not only in the fact that he is a legendary physics genius, but also in the fact that he is an impressive leader in life. His scientific spirit of constant exploration and brave and tenacious personality deeply attracted everyone who knew him. , he is known as "the greatest living scientist", "another Einstein", "an out-and-out strong man in life" and "a person who dares to challenge fate". , Hawking passed away on March 14, 2018, at the age of 76. After Hawking's death, people from all walks of life around the world mourned him.

Hawking Scientist