1. The application of image feeling
The image feeling of the reader comes from the perception, experience and thinking of objective things caused by the inner stimulation of the reader by the concept of words in the work, which is formed by "feeling from the outside and receiving from the heart".
The reader should be good at grasping the "real words" that express the image of things, and "witness the things" through the words, as if "seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting and reaching for them", so that the feelings, sights, things, people, things and reasons in the works can be "alive" in the reader's heart and form an "inner vision". The reader's own experience, experience and knowledge accumulation are important conditions for the formation of "inner vision" Readers should be good at developing the ability of remembering, associating and recreating imagination to enhance the strong appeal of audio language expression.
2. The application of logical feeling
When reading aloud, the "literary paths" such as primary and secondary, juxtaposition, turning point, progression, comparison and generalization of works should be transformed into the reader's ideas in the process of logical feeling, and then the inner "language flow" will be formed to enhance the conquest of vocal language expression.
When reading aloud, the feelings formed in the reader's mind are the concepts, judgments, reasoning and argumentation in the work, as well as the ideological development context and levels of the whole article, and the internal relations between sentences.
3. The use of the internal language
The internal language serves the purpose of reading aloud. Without the internal language, the spoken language will lose its luster and life. When reading aloud, the inner language should be like a huge undercurrent, constantly rolling under the reader's language, giving the spoken language a basis and life. The thicker the undercurrent of the inner language, the deeper and more delicious the reading will be.
Some words and sentences in works sometimes do not obey their direct meaning or superficial meaning. Command with the tone of "pleading" and advise with the tone of "command"; The word "dear" can also express "hate", "you are so bad" or "you are so kind."
4, the use of tone
Tone, literally, is the "discourse" expressed by sound, and "qi" is the "breath state" that supports the discourse expressed by sound. When used in reading aloud, mood contains two aspects. There are not only the inner color and weight of thoughts and feelings (also called "God"), but also the external sound form of speed, height, strength and falsehood (also called "shape"). Therefore, tone is the combination of "spirit" and "shape" of "discourse" in reading.
The general rules of tone use are as follows: happiness is full of gas with a high voice, sadness is heavy with a slow voice, love is slow with a soft voice, hatred is full of gas with a hard voice, urgency is short of breath with a slow voice, cold is less with a weak voice, fear is full of gas with a shaky voice, anger is rough with a heavy voice, doubt is fine with a sticky voice, and quietness is smooth with a flat voice. The practice of reading aloud tells us that only the ever-changing feelings can make us have a variety of breath and a colorful voice. Of course, the initiation of feelings is not arbitrary, but restricted by the purpose of reading aloud and the language environment.
5. Reading of various styles
1. Reading of poetry (speaking in tone)
2. Reading of novels
Characters, plot and environment are the three elements of novels. The characteristic of the novel is to reflect social life by shaping typical characters.
Generally speaking, when reading aloud, we should try to distinguish the language described by the author in the novel from the communication language of the characters. When reading the story, the voice can be slightly lower, and when reading the characters' language, the voice can be slightly higher, and attention should be paid to making the two different and connecting them naturally.
read the dialogues of the characters. The language of the characters is the "indirect image" of the characters, and what each person says is closely related to his identity, thought, personality and attitude in the development of the plot at that time. When reading aloud, we should pay special attention to each character's personality, deal with the connection between characters' dialogues, and be able to quickly transfer from one character to another, so as to vividly show different characters.
However, reading aloud is different from acting. Reading the characters' language mainly emphasizes what the characters say, not how they say it. When we deal with the dialogue of characters, we should dig out the essence and purpose of sentences and express the content of words based on our own language, without changing our voices to play the characters.
3. Narrative reading
Narrative, no matter how to remember people, narrate, describe scenery or things, always gives people enlightenment. When reading a narrative, we must first grasp the development clues of the work. Secondly, it depends on the intention of the narrative.
You should also pay attention to reading skills when reading narratives. The narrative tone should be natural and plain, so that the article can be presented to the audience, and it is impossible to imitate the voice, appearance and dialect of the characters. When narrating, if it is promoted layer by layer, the reading speed can be faster than one layer; If it is interspersed with twists and turns, it is necessary to use high and low speed, strong and weak, etc., to read ups and downs. If there is flashback or interpolation, it is necessary to clearly explain the starting point and stopping point with obvious pauses, so as to connect naturally. In particular, it is necessary to deal with the key points of narration or the climax of contradiction; The end of reading aloud should not be stopped abruptly, but should imply that the listener understands the topic deeply.
4. Reading argumentative essays
Argumentative essays should explain and demonstrate a certain truth and point of view, so arguments, arguments and arguments are very important. In reading argumentative essays, we must thoroughly grasp the internal logical relationship of the works, integrate concepts, judgments and reasoning, clarify the connotation and functions, and express them with personal feelings, a clear attitude and an outspoken voice with logical "clamping force".
be clear. In the reading of argumentative essays, the attitude must be clear, and the merits and demerits should be straightforward; A clear attitude means being sure, decisive, calm and generous, but also paying attention to discretion and temperature.
stress should be firm. Argument, argument, tone should be positive, and the reader's attitude should be solemn. The expression of stress should be solid and accurate. Generally, we don't use the methods of speeding up, lightening and turning empty. The most common way is to emphasize and lengthen syllables. Sometimes, in order to express the depth of tone, low, heavy and long methods are also used to express stress.
pay attention to the quotation. In argumentative writing, arguments, arguments, and arguments often quote other people's words, or they are classic warnings, famous sayings, or some wrong remarks, which can be collectively referred to as quotations. In general, quotations should be expressed in a steady tone, positive or negative attitude. The expression of positive quotation should be solemn and slow, the weight should be different from the context, and there should be a slight pause before and after the quotation; The expression of negative quotation should pay attention to the accurate antonym stress, which is fast and related to the context.
5. Reading expository essays
Explanatory essays are articles that introduce and explain the nature, characteristics and laws of things in industrial and agricultural production, scientific and technological research and daily life. Reading expository essays should pay attention to the methods of explanation (such as classification, definition, examples, comparison, figures, metaphors, charts, etc.) and the types of explanation (such as exposition, narration, introduction, literariness and practicality).