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In the age of spiritual and material scarcity, how should people make up for the emptiness?
The Wisdom of Life is a masterpiece that makes Schopenhauer a philosopher. He analyzed the source of happiness from a very secular perspective. Schopenhauer said that life is bitter, material shortage, spiritual emptiness, spiritual emptiness of the upper class, and material poverty of ordinary people, so everyone is very upset. Schopenhauer believes that some weaknesses in human nature are like a monkey. When poor and insecure, monkeys will be imprisoned somewhere, showing kindness, simplicity and happiness. When he becomes rich and has a sense of security, the hateful monkey will come out to do evil and become greedy, extravagant and arrogant. People can't get rid of pain: first, their desires are not satisfied, and second, their desires are satisfied.

The inner emptiness is the real source of boredom. They are always looking for external stimuli and trying to make their spirits and emotions active with something. It is precisely because of inner emptiness that people pursue all kinds of socialization, entertainment and luxury. The lowest temporary happiness is the senses. You spend a lot of time and money on drunkenness and indulgence, but you consume excess passion and energy. After a short pleasure, you immediately fall into boredom and emptiness. Therefore, Schopenhauer believes that the highest pleasure of human beings comes from spirit, that is, rich spiritual thoughts. You spend a lot of time and money on drunkenness and indulgence, but you consume excess passion and energy. After a short pleasure, you immediately fall into boredom and emptiness, and the spiritual pleasure is endless. Therefore, the more indulgent, the more divorced from real happiness. What is pain? The dictionary says: pain and suffering. Philosophy: Desire is not satisfied.

Schopenhauer's thoughts influenced a great philosopher, namely Nietzsche. He said that happiness is born from all human sufferings. In the process of pursuing happiness, it goes hand in hand with happiness. Without painful steps, real happiness or something falling from the sky is hard to get! Mussels become pearls when they are sick, and beautiful pearls are only the product of oysters' illness. True happiness must have a pair of conjoined twins: pain.

Schopenhauer declared that the essence of life is pain. There are three reasons: first, people are insensitive to happiness and sensitive to pain. Second, people will look back on the past and look forward to the future. This association greatly magnifies the pain. Third, most importantly, people's will is often not realized. As a major pessimistic philosopher, Schopenhauer affirmed the positive role of pain. Reading the book "The Wisdom of Life" is very beautiful and easy to understand, with vivid metaphors and clear logic, so I am not pessimistic at all.

Schopenhauer said: Life is bitter, material shortage and spiritual emptiness. How can we be happy?

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