Assistant minister, official name. A kind of Langguan in Han Dynasty was originally a court attendant. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, Shang Shu became an official. He was called a doctor at first, Shang Shulang for one year and assistant minister for three years. Since the Tang Dynasty, all ministries in Zhongshu, Xiamen and Shangshu provinces have taken assistant ministers as their deputies, and their official positions have gradually increased. It is equivalent to the current ministerial level and deputy ministerial level.
Citation interpretation
Ancient official names.
One of the subordinate officials of doctors in Qin and Han Dynasties. "Han Guan Bai Gong Qing Biao": "Langzhongling, Qin Guan, Dian Ye Portal, Cheng Ye. In the first year of Emperor Wudi's reign, he was renamed Guang Luxun. There are doctors, lang, admirers ... lang is in charge of the portal, no staff, as many as a thousand people. " "Two Records of Guan Bai in the Later Han Dynasty": "There are more than 400 stones for assistant ministers with five senses. This note reads: there is no official ... all lang officials hold halberds directly, guard the temple gate and go out to charge the car. " "I am a soldier and a bodyguard" in "Zhao Qingyi". The official position of assistant minister did not exist until the Han Dynasty. "
2. Ancient official names.
Lang Guan entered Taiwan Province Province in the Han Dynasty and was called Assistant Minister three years later. After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the assistant minister was the deputy of the chief executive of Zhongshu, Menxia and Shangshu provinces. By the time of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty, he was promoted to the second grade, and he was a hall official with Shangshu. "The History of the Later Han Dynasty, Baiguan Zhisan": "Thirty-six assistant ministers, four hundred stones ... the main writing was drafted." Liu Zhao notes Cai Yong's Hanyi: "The first stage of the Shang Dynasty was divided into three parts, the first stage was called Shou, the second stage was called Shang, and the third stage was called Assistant Minister."
Tang Hanyu's poem "Give a Horse to an Assistant Minister" said: "The red flag shines on the sea, suppresses the barbarians, and recruits Zhongtai as an assistant minister." Hu Quan Biography of the History of Song Dynasty: "The assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites recently opened the door to the end of the ancient friendship, but the assistant minister hit the nail on the head and criticized:' The assistant minister knows his business, but he doesn't know it alone!' "Kongming Zhenyun's Epitaph of Yuan Huan Gong in the Shangshu Festival of the Ministry of War of Ming University": "If you don't listen, you can turn to Pinglian Gong and (Yuan Keli) rank assistant minister of the Ministry of War. "Zheng's Book Officials in the Prosperous Age:" Since the great scholars, ministers, assistant ministers and Bai, they have only been allowed to become the wind, and they all obey the book officials. "
3. Ancient official names.
In the Jin Dynasty system, there were assistant ministers in the vassal States, four big countries and two small countries, who specialized in praising each other and communicating missionary orders.
Extended data:
The function of dynasty:
Han Dynasty
A kind of Langguan, originally a servant of the imperial court. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, Shangshu became an official, and the first one was called a doctor, one year was called Shang Shulang, and three years was called an assistant minister. The Han Dynasty was called Huangmen Assistant Minister. Huangmen Assistant: Huangmen is the palace gate. Assistant Huang Men is an official working in the palace gate and one of the officials in the inner court. He is responsible for serving the emperor and conveying the imperial edict. The level is not high, but it is the official closest to the emperor.
the Tang Dynasty
The ministries of Zhongshu Province, Menxia Province and Shangshu Province all take assistant minister as the deputy of leading officials, and their official positions are getting higher and higher. It's called assistant minister Zhongshu. In the early Tang Dynasty, he was assistant minister of literature and history, and in the third year of Wude (620), he was called assistant minister of Chinese books. Emperor Gaozong was appointed as the Western Empress Dowager. Wu Zetian changed to serve as assistant minister, and Xuanzong changed to Wei Zi as assistant minister. In the Tang dynasty, the assistant minister was the chief official, and his rank was higher than that of the previous generation. After the mid-Tang Dynasty, China's secretariat was often in short supply, so it was not easy to give it to people. The affairs of Zhongshu Province are actually presided over by Assistant Minister Zhongshu.
the Ming Dynasty
Positive three products. In the Ming Dynasty, the central government had six departments: officials, households, proprieties, workers, punishments and soldiers. Compared with the previous generation, the Ming Dynasty initially added an assistant minister to each department. After the Hu case, Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the post of prime minister and the province of Zhongshu. The status of the six departments has improved. There is only one minister and two assistant ministers in each department, and the original ministers of various subjects have been reduced to practitioners. The ranks of ministers and assistant ministers have also risen. Among them, the official department (in charge of the promotion of civil servants) is the most important, and the household department has the most personnel. The Ministry of Rites (in charge of sacrificial ceremonies) and the Ministry of Industry (in charge of public construction) have low status.
Ching Dynasty
I was promoted to second class, and I was the head of each department with Shangshu (from Yipin). The six ministers of the Qing dynasty also followed the system of the Ming dynasty. However, the power of the six ministries in the Ming Dynasty was considerable, especially the ministers and soldiers of the two ministries. These two departments are responsible for the deployment of personnel and soldiers throughout the country. The imperial edict of the emperor must be issued by six ministries, and national affairs must also go through six ministries. The minister of war also has the right to give orders to the governor. In the Qing dynasty, the power of the six ministries was much smaller. Six ministers can no longer give orders directly, and they are no longer the chief executive. What's even more different is that six ministers and assistant ministers have to score this point for the emperor alone.
It stands to reason that the minister of war is responsible for planning all military affairs in the country, and he can order the transfer of troops. The assistant minister is only his deputy, and the officer is in charge of affairs. At present, the minister of the Ministry of War can only make a statement to the emperor, and the minister can play it alone, and the assistant minister can also play it alone. So the minister can't control the assistant minister. The first six books, each with a history and an assistant minister, were originally chief officials and adjutants. Separation of Manchu and Han in Qing Dynasty. Where there is a history of Han, there must be a history of Manchu. There are two Korean assistants, and there must be two full assistants. So one department has six officers and six departments have 36 officers. Everyone can talk to the emperor alone.
Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Assistant Minister