"When it can be called, it is called Sun when it is given without mausoleum festival, and it is called Mo when it is good to look at each other. These four are the origin of teaching. "Fa Ran" is specifically organized as follows:

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1. "Xue Ji" is a chapter in "Book of Rites" and is a paper about ancient university education. It first clarifies the important function of education in transforming people into customs. Therefore, the king must respect teachers and make all people know the importance of learning. It is a summary of ancient Chinese educational theories, teaching principles, and teaching methods.

2. The first sentence is one to four sentences. The first sentence first uses an analogy to show the importance of practice (learning), which is the object; then it emphasizes that only learning can understand the benefits of the "Tao", which is the main part, emphasizing the need to learn the Tao, which leads to the following. The second sentence emphasizes learning and teaching, bringing inspiration to people who learn and teach.

3. As the saying goes, the content of learning is the "perfect way" mentioned in the first sentence. Therefore, the more you learn, the deeper you understand the truth, and the more you feel your own shortcomings. This is a wise saying, just like Pavlov said that you must have the courage to admit that you are ignorant. This is from the perspective of learning. In terms of teaching, it is not easy to enlighten oneself and make others enlightened.

4. Difficulties can scare people, but the real strong ones grow up through difficulties. The two "then can" here contain simple dialectics. The fourth sentence is the conclusion of this article, which is summarized from "being able to be self-reflective" and "being able to strengthen oneself". Later, "teaching and teaching make each other mutually beneficial" became the motto of educational work.

5. The second article puts forward the necessity for teachers to master correct teaching principles from both positive and negative aspects. Let us first put forward four correct principles from the front: First, we must be foreseeable and prevent students from making mistakes before they happen. The second is to grasp the appropriate opportunity for education, whether it is too early or too late. The third is to proceed step by step, and teaching cannot be impatient.

6. The third point explains that in order for education to "strengthen the good and save the lost", we must understand the learning preferences of various types of students. Always say the first sentence. The second sentence analyzes four situations: some end up biting off more than they can chew; some try too hard and settle for less; some regard learning as too easy and refuse to think deeply; some stop when they encounter difficulties.

7. The third sentence summarizes and explains that these are four different psychological states of learning. The fourth sentence echoes the first sentence, explaining that the purpose of "teachers must know it" is to "save students from losing their minds". ". This reflects the principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. The last sentence explains that the function of education is to promote students' strengths and make up for their shortcomings.

8. The writing style of this paragraph is slightly different from the previous paragraphs. The conclusion is "to improve the good and save the loss", but the previous paragraph only talked about the failure, not the good. It is very different from the pros and cons of the previous two paragraphs. It adopts the method of one light and one dark, one detail and one summary. Why can it be written like this without being misunderstood? Because everything has two sides, the opposite side of the four kinds of loss is "gain".