Aside from Huo Qubing's military genius, let's talk about the reasons behind Huo Qubing's victory in the war.
Chen Shang of the Western Han Dynasty once said that the Han soldiers were compared with the Huns, so:
Those who openly commit crimes against Han will be punished, although it is far away.
Tang Yue: Who is the husband and Hu Bing, when he is a Han soldier? A blunt crossbow is not good. Today's news is clever, but it's still three to one.
Chen Tang said: Only five Hu Bing can be worth one Han soldier. Why? Because the weapons of the Hu people are not sharp, and the bows and arrows are not sharp. Now it is said that they have learned a lot of skills of the Han people, but it still takes three Hu soldiers to be equal to one Han soldier.
Shang Chen just said that famous saying? Those who openly commit crimes against the Han people will be punished from a distance? The general of the Western Han Dynasty was also the general of the Han army who killed Hun Khan. Shang Chen had a great say in the battle with Huns. He said this with two meanings. First, the Huns' weapons are backward. Shang Chen clearly explained that the Huns' original weapons were primitive and their bows and arrows were not sharp. Second, the physical quality of Xiongnu soldiers is backward. Even if the Xiongnu weapons are the same as those of the Han army, the Han army can still block three.
Xiongnu
Although the time difference between Chen Tang and Huo Qubing is about 1 10 years, it can still explain two problems: the Huns' weapons and soldiers are actually inferior to those of the Han Dynasty, and these two key reasons have kept the Huns at a disadvantage in the confrontation with the Han Dynasty.
First, the strength comparison between Han Dynasty and Xiongnu.
In the era of cold weapons, Huaxia civilization in East Asia, as one of the four major civilizations in the world, is far ahead of neighboring nations in science and technology in the whole East Asian continent. More importantly, Huaxia civilization also has a huge population and the most fertile land in East Asia, so the Huaxia regime that meets these conditions has become the hegemon in East Asia, whether it is from Xia, Shang and thoughtful Spring and Autumn and Warring States, or from the Qin Dynasty that unified the six countries to the Han Dynasty that inherited the Qin system.
Huo Qubing
However, the general trend of historical development is never eternal, and the Huaxia regime is not lasting and powerful, and there are also periods of weakness. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, Qin Shihuang's forced recruitment and belligerence seriously hurt his national strength, and the turmoil that lasted for more than ten years at the end of the Qin Dynasty made the newly established Western Han Dynasty weak. The siege of Deng Bai was the first large-scale confrontation between Han and Hungary, which did not mean that the Huns were stronger than the Han Dynasty, but that Liu Bang was unstable internally.
1, population
There is always an illusion that the Huns are better than the Han Dynasty, especially around Deng Bai. 400,000 tarquin besieged Liu Bang in four directions: east, south, west and north, and the colors of horses in all directions were uniform. It is doubtful whether there are 400,000 cavalry in Xiongnu. Even if there were five Huns armed with one soldier, the total population of Huns was 2 million, while the population of Han Dynasty was at least 6.5438+0.5 million.
There, the population represents the productive forces and can provide all the soldiers and production personnel. After more than 70 years of recuperation, the total population of the Western Han Dynasty is at least 30 million. By the time Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty fought against the Huns, the national strength of the Han Dynasty was even stronger. Due to poor natural conditions and backward technology, the population growth rate of Xiongnu was significantly lower than that of Han Dynasty, and the population gap between the two sides further widened.
The Han army is mighty
It is not that a large population will definitely win the battle, but it is no problem to say that a large population is strong. In the battle between Huo Qubing and Xiongnu, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was able to recruit China's most elite foot soldiers and the best war horses to Huo Qubing's side. In fact, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty did the same, and there were far more people providing logistics services to Huo Qubing than foot soldiers on the battlefield. This strength is not available to the Huns.
Even if the heads were put together, the Han Dynasty could put together the Xiongnu population. In the battle between Huo Qubing and Xiongnu, their own losses are also very great. For example, in the Battle of Mobei, Huo Qubing and Wei Qing each led 654.38+ 10,000 cavalry and wiped out more than 90,000 Xiongnu soldiers. The Han Dynasty lost about 50,000 soldiers and 60,000 horses, basically killing 10,000 enemies and losing 8,000. The Han Dynasty had a large population, but the Huns had a small population. This is a victory of national strength.
Step 2: Location
At first, most of the wars between Han Dynasty and Xiongnu took place at the border. Although the Huns were mainly cavalry, they never broke into the hinterland of the Han Dynasty. On the contrary, the Han Dynasty constantly broke into the hinterland of Xiongnu. Why? Or because the national strength is strong, the Han Dynasty has a vast territory, and everyone knows that fighting is a comprehensive national strength. The Han Dynasty could control the war at the border and then go deep into the hinterland of Xiongnu, especially when Huo Qubing hit the whole Xiongnu desert south and Mobei without Wang Ting, which caused great losses to Xiongnu.
Han Bing
However, the territory of the Han dynasty was not lost, because the Huns did not have the strength to attack the hinterland of the Han dynasty, and they were nomadic people. The existence of nomadic people is different from that of the Han Dynasty, and it is difficult for nomadic land to carry a huge population and a stable life. The main property of Huns is living horses, cows, sheep and other livestock. If they died of illness and were killed in the war, their strength would be affected, but the Han Dynasty was different. No, farming is less affected by natural conditions than nomadism and can carry more people.
3. Weapons and equipment
Shang Chen said that the weapons and equipment of the Han Dynasty were much better than those of the Huns. For example, Li Ling of the Western Han Dynasty, that is, Sun Quan of Li Guang, lived in a time only 20 years away from Huo Qubing. Li Ling led 5,000 infantry at that time and was attacked by 30,000 Xiongnu cavalry. Li Ling used chariots to form an arrow array and killed tens of thousands of Xiongnu cavalry with bows and arrows. Later, the Huns increased their troops to 80,000, and Li He made an arrow.
What if Li Ling doesn't run out of arrows? Can tens of thousands of tarquin attack more than 5,000 Han troops? This is the difference between weapons and equipment. At that time, the Xiongnu's armor was poor, only leather armor and bows and arrows were not as far as the Han army. The Han army also has crossbows. Only by this, the Huns can't win. If it is a cavalry of the Han army, the Huns really don't necessarily win. This is a victory for weapons and equipment.
Those who openly commit crimes against Han will be punished, although it is far away.
4. bloody
Han inherited the Qin system, not only the official system and title, but also the blood. Qin Jun and his leader discussed military affairs, so did the Han army. It is said that Qin Jun is the teacher of the tiger and the wolf. In fact, the Han army is not bad, very bloody. Compared with Xiongnu, it's not bad at all. You see, Huo Qubing led 800 men in the first battle and dared to attack the Xiongnu rear area.
abstract
Huns are good at riding and shooting, and they are nomadic people. Why can't they beat the cavalry in Huo Qubing?
In addition to Huo Qubing's military genius, the Huns were not as powerful and bloody as the Han Dynasty, and could not beat Huo Qubing.