Idioms in Fu Lei's family letters: Li Li is afraid, lingering and pathos, graceful and noble, clear and untired, the melons are ripe and the stems are falling, tears are flowing, the Emperor Xi is walking on thin ice, long and lengthy, harmful words, unbiased Not relying on oneself, taking the blame on oneself, being frugal in spending, behaving in an orderly manner, having a dull head and running out of sutras, having a pounding heart, making inferences by analogy, being coffin-closing and making conclusions, never changing things at all, having only one scale and a half claws, being romantic and reserved, having a dry tongue and burning lips, being clear and obvious, and then returning with abandonment.

Extended information:

1. Li Li is in danger: Li Li: trembling. Describe being very scared. Source: "Shang Shu·Tang Hao": "Li Li is in danger, if he will perish in the abyss."

2. Lingering and pathos: pathos: sorrow and sadness. In the past, it was used to describe inner pain that was difficult to resolve. It also refers to the euphemistic and desolate mood of the article. Source: "The Widow's Ode" by Pan Yue of the Jin Dynasty: "Lingering thoughts are used to express chaos; broken hearts are expressed with pity.

3. Graceful and luxurious: describes a person's elegant and calm manners, solemn and generous. It also describes gorgeous clothing. Splendid. From "Historical Records: Biography of Sima Xiangru"

4. Open and spacious, without any worries, detached from things, not burdened by worldly affairs. Only with extremely high cultivation can one be free from fatigue and achieve true liberation.

5. When the melon is ripe, the stem will fall off naturally. It means that once the time is ripe, things will naturally succeed. From Zhang Junfang of the Song Dynasty, "Yunji Qizhu·Yuanqi Lun": "It is a metaphor for a ripe melon and the stem falls; when pecked at the same time, it is born as a child."

6. Tears flowing across the face: refers to tears and snot flowing all over the face . Describes extreme sadness or excitement. Source: "Shishuoxinyu·Yu": "Taogong Jidu" Liu Xiao annotated Wang Yin's "Book of Jin": "Reading the book shakes the wrist, and tears flow freely."

7. Emperor Xi: People before the Fuxi family were people from ancient times. It is a metaphor for a person who is carefree and lives a leisurely life. Source: Tao Qian of Jin Dynasty, "Yu Ziyan and others": "It is often said that in the middle of May and June, if you lie down under the north window and encounter a cool breeze, you will call yourself Emperor Xi."

8. Walking on thin ice: ?Lu: practice, step on. Like walking on thin ice. It is a metaphor for acting with extreme caution and caution. From "The Book of Songs·Xiaoya·Xiaomin": "Treating with fear, as if facing an abyss, or walking on thin ice."

9. Long text: "Lei": overlapping; "Double": a wooden board used for writing in ancient times. It means that the work is very long and contains a lot of content. From the "Book of Sui Dynasty·Li Er Biography": "There are so many articles, but there is no shape like the moon dew."

10. Using words to harm the meaning: Misunderstanding or misinterpreting the author's original meaning due to rigidity in the meaning of words. Also known as "using words to harm meaning". From "Mencius 10,000 Chapters" by Meng Ke in the pre-Qin Dynasty: "Those who say "Poetry" do not harm their words with words, and do not harm their ambitions with words."

11. Impartiality: bias: bias. Not taking sides. Indicates accuracy, neutrality or impartiality. From the caption of Zhu Xi's "Zhongyong Chapters" of the Song Dynasty: "The middle one is impartial and impartial, and has the name of no fault or inferiority."

12. The blame lies with oneself: Blame: disaster. Disasters or sins are brought upon oneself. Refers to self-inflicted pain. From "The Appearance of Officialdom" written by Li Boyuan of the Qing Dynasty: "(Gentlemen) were ruined because of this, and their sons sold their daughters. It was heard from time to time. Although the blame was brought on by oneself, when everyone talked about it, they always said that the magistrate was too serious in doing this. .

13. Fu Gong Zi Qing: Fu: Touch. Gong: Self-questioning, referring to self-reflection, from Xiaoting Zalu·Zhu Baiquan Prison. "Now I am guilty of my ignorance, I know it and shed tears for it, and passers-by sigh for it. I bowed and asked myself, how fortunate I am! ”

14. Austerity: save expenses. Austerity: restraint, moderation. Saving: saving. Expenses: expenses, expenditures. There is a saying from the ancient book "Book of Rites·Qu Lishang": "So A gentleman is respectful, temperate, and conciliatory in order to show propriety. "? Sun Xidan's interpretation: "If you have some restraint, you don't dare to call it liberties; if you have restraint, you don't dare to go through the so-called restraints." ”

15. Follow the rules and behave step by step: refers to doing things strictly according to the rules and being uncompromising. It also refers to being rigid and inflexible in doing things. From Jin Panni’s "Ode to Shi Dian": "The second school of Confucian officials, Mr. Jin Shen's disciples, who wear tassels and jade and behave in a well-behaved manner, are all well-mannered and accompany the hall, waiting for the deacon's orders. ”

16. Bai Shouqiong Jing: Even when he is old, he is still studying the scriptures, and he still says that he will learn until he is old. From "Gift to Ib Cuijiang Chushi" by Han Xie of the Tang Dynasty: "Bai Shouqiong" The secret meaning of the first poor mantra is revealed, and the green mountain provides support for the elderly in times of crisis. ”

17. Pumping: The heart is pounding. From "Nine Bian" by Yu Chu and Song Dynasty in the Warring States Period: How can one be so pitiful in private, but one's heart is pounding and forgiving.

18. Draw by analogy: Master the knowledge or rules of a certain thing, and then infer the knowledge or rules of similar things. From "Book of Changes·Xici": "By drawing on analogies and extending them, all the things in the world can be accomplished." . "Also, "Qian": "The six lines are used to express emotions. "After that, "drawing by analogy" means that if you have mastered the laws of certain things, you can infer similar things

19. The conclusion of coffin lid: lid coffin: refers to the person who is buried in the coffin after death. Only by closing the coffin lid can the conclusion be drawn. . Evaluate the merits and demerits of a person's life after his death. Source: "History of the Ming Dynasty: Biography of Liu Daxia": "The conclusion of life is that one day is not dead, and one day is full of sorrow." ”

20. Less means less things: less: young; more: experience. Younger, has not experienced anything. It means not much experience. Source: "Sui Shu·Li Xiong Biography": "My son is less, more things happen." Not much.

”

21. One scale and half a claw: originally refers to a dragon in the clouds, with one scale exposed in the east and half a claw exposed in the west. It is impossible to see its whole picture. It is a metaphor for sporadic things. Source: "Zhongxing Xingqi" by Gao Zhongwu of the Tang Dynasty "Collection": "In three years, he wrote nine poems with different rhythms; he went to Li Shuai in Guangzhou; his writing is good at satire; he also has some fragments of Chen Shiyi. "

22. Elegance and Yin: Yin and Yin: peaceful and generous, implicit and elegant. Describes people who are elegant and unrestrained, talented. It also describes articles, poems and paintings that are elegant and implicit. From "Book of Northern Qi·Biography of Wang Xin": "Learning is elegant. Xun, gave birth to nine sons, and was romantically involved, and was named Wang's Jiulong. ”

23. Torn tongue and parched lips: When speaking, it is said that the tongue is torn and the lips are dry and parched, and it is difficult to describe it. From Han Zhao Ye’s "Wuyue Chunqiu·Fu Chai Nei Zhuan": "Burn lips and parched tongue" , work hard, serve the ministers at the top, and support the people at the bottom. "

24. The end of the strong crossbow: The arrow fired by the strong crossbow has reached the end of its range. It is a metaphor that the powerful force has reached the end and has no effect. Source: "Historical Records: Han Changru's Biography" by Sima Qian of the Western Han Dynasty: " Moreover, when the crossbow is extremely powerful, its power cannot penetrate the silk of Lu; when it reaches the end of the wind, its power cannot float a feather. ""Han Shu·Han Anguo Biography": "I have heard that at the end of the charging wind, the force cannot lift the hair; the extremely strong crossbow, the force cannot enter the Luxu".

25. It is obvious. : Refers to things or principles that are extremely obvious and easy to see clearly. From "Historical Records·Biography of Boyi": "This is especially the case for those who are more obvious." ”

26. Wasted and returned: This originally refers to the disappearance of anger and return to normal, but now it describes the return of disappointment. From "Zhuangzi De Chong Fu": "I brush away my anger, and when I am in the right place, I will waste it." But on the contrary.

”