Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (April 20, 1889 - April 30, 1945) was born in Braunau am Inn, a city on the border of Bavaria and Austria. Braunau on the Rhine), died in Berlin. Hitler was the president of the National Socialist Workers' Party of Germany, the Nazi Party, the head of the German Third Reich, the head of state and chancellor of the Third Reich, and the number one war criminal in World War II. He was imprisoned for riots in his early years, and wrote "Mein Kampf" in prison, expressing his various views, such as the annexation of Austria, anti-Semitism and dictatorship. Became Chancellor of Germany on January 30, 1933; cracked down on dissident parties through the "Arson of the Empire State Building". When German President Hindenburg died of illness on August 1, 1934, Hitler concurrently served as President of Germany and combined the two positions of president and prime minister into one. He had unlimited power and ordered all military, judges and government officials to swear allegiance to him. As head of state and prime minister, he became the sole holder of state power, the dictator, integrating all political and social institutions except the military and the church. During World War II, he also served as the Supreme Commander of the German Armed Forces. Germany during his reign was known as Nazi Germany or the Third Reich. In the early stages of the Third Reich, some of his economic measures once helped the German economy get out of the quagmire after World War I, and he also won the support of the lower classes through his inflammatory mass movements. However, in terms of political system, Germany under Hitler's leadership tended towards extreme national conservatism compared to the Weimar Republic. He formed the Axis Powers with Italy, led by Mussolini, and Japan, led by Hideki Tojo, which directly led to World War II. Under his leadership, the German army intervened in the Spanish Civil War, supported the Franco regime, annexed Austria and Czechoslovakia, and invaded Poland, France, the Soviet Union and other countries. Domestically, he implemented a fascist-style one-party terror dictatorship, hating and rejecting other non-Nazi political parties and ideas, including the communist movement. The first concentration camp he established was to detain communists. They also advocate national superiority and hate other ethnic groups. Establish domestically independent Nazi military organizations such as the Stormtroopers, SS, and Gestapo that are independent of the Wehrmacht. Implementing a policy of genocide, during the Third Reich under Hitler's leadership, a large number of death camps were built in Germany and the territories of its occupying countries, and Jews and other races were massacred. According to rough estimates, a total of about 6 million Jews and tens of millions of other races were massacred due to Hitler's genocidal policy during this period. In terms of war, Hitler abandoned the war model of World War I and created and practiced new war models such as blitzkrieg and air force support, changing the shape of war. On April 28, 1945, the Soviet Red Army invaded Berlin. That night Hitler and Eva Braun held their wedding. At 15:30 on the 30th, Hitler and his wife both committed suicide. On the night of May 8, 1945, Nazi Germany formally surrendered. Germany was defeated.

Zhukov (Georgy Konstantinovich), Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov (Russian: Георгий Константинович Жуков, December 1, 1896 (Julian calendar) November 19 of the same year) - June 18, 1974) Soviet strategist and Marshal of the Soviet Union. Because of his outstanding achievements in the Soviet-German War, he was considered one of the best generals in World War II and also As a result, he became one of only two people to be awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union four times. Zhukov was born into a poor family in the village of Strelkovka, Kaluga Region. Zhukov served as an apprentice in Moscow and was drafted into the cavalry regiment of the Tsarist Russian Army in 1915. During World War I, Zhukov was awarded the St. George Cross twice for combat bravery and was promoted to sergeant. After the October Revolution he joined the Bolsheviks. From 1918 to 1920 he participated in the Russian Civil War. In 1923 Zhukov became the regiment leader. In 1930, he was promoted to brigade commander. He was an ardent supporter of the new theory of armored warfare and was renowned for his detailed battle plans and strict demands for discipline. From 1937 to 1939, Stalin purged the army. Tukhachevsky, the advocate of armored warfare, was shot and many other military generals were imprisoned. Zhukov was lucky enough to escape the purge and continued to be promoted. Regarding this situation, it is generally believed that Zhukov's cavalry background helped him escape. Among the Soviet marshals at the time, Voroshilov and Budyonny, who were cavalrymen, were both reused, while the other three were purged. In 1938, the Japanese army caused friction on the border between Mongolia, where the Soviet Union was stationed, and Manchukuo, which was established with the support of Japan. Zhukov was sent to the border to organize military deployment against Japan. The Battle of Nomonhan broke out in May 1939. Under the command of Zhukov, the Soviet army used a large number of armored troops to conduct three-dimensional mobile operations like blitzkrieg, and finally encircled the Japanese army and won the victory. This battle was not noticed because it was far away from the main battlefield in Europe. However, to a certain extent, this battle caused Japan to give up its intention to advance northward and set the main direction of its troops in Southeast Asia, allowing the Soviet Union to avoid being attacked from both sides in World War II. . Zhukov was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union for his outstanding command in this battle.

In 1940, Zhukov was awarded the rank of general and was subsequently appointed chief of the Soviet Army's General Staff. As Chief of the General Staff, Zhukov's main task was to propose a plan to defend against German attacks. With the declassification of secret files from the former Soviet Union, some historians believe that Zhukov proposed a preemptive attack on Germany in May 1941, but it was vetoed by Stalin. On June 22, 1941, the German army invaded the Soviet Union and the Soviet army was defeated. Zhukov signed an order requiring the Soviet Red Army to immediately organize a counterattack, but to no avail. After the German army drove straight in, they focused on attacking Kyiv. After judgment, Zhukov proposed that Kiev should be withdrawn to avoid being encircled by the German army and causing greater losses. His views and outspoken character brought him into conflict with Stalin, and he was appointed commander of the reserve army, with Shaposhnikov taking over as chief of the general staff. During his tenure as commander of the reserve army, Zhukov organized the Yelniya counterattack and stabilized the local front. Leningrad was in crisis in September. Zhukov was recalled to Moscow, appointed as the representative of the base camp, and went to Leningrad. From then on, he began to coordinate the command in various places, and was therefore called the "Fire Captain". After Zhukov arrived in Leningrad, he used his strong will to drive his subordinates, rationally utilized effective troops to carry out key defense and counterattack, and stabilized the defense line. In October, the German army launched a massive attack on Moscow, and Zhukov was transferred back to Moscow to replace Timoshenko in organizing the defense of Moscow. The defensive battle ended in December, and the German troops withdrew from the areas surrounding Moscow. In the summer of 1942, Stalin and Timoshenko, despite Zhukov's objections, forcibly launched the Kharkov offensive campaign. As a result, they suffered heavy losses. About 50 officers and soldiers were captured. The German troops advanced to the meander of the Don River and the southern foothills of the Caucasus Mountains. Zhukov therefore became the Supreme Deputy Commander-in-Chief and was sent to the Stalingrad front line as a representative of the base camp. It is generally believed that he and Vasilevsky jointly planned the Battle of Stalingrad, but some researchers believe that during this period Zhukov mainly planned fruitless attacks in the direction of Vyazma, and in his memoirs snatched Vasilevsky's contribution. In 1943, he coordinated the Kursk campaign as a representative of the base camp. The frontline commander Rokossovsky recalled that Zhukov was not involved in the decision-making of the Kursk battle and his role was greatly exaggerated. In 1944, Zhukov, as a representative of the base camp, coordinated and organized the Belarusian campaign code-named "Bagration". In 1945, as the commander of the First Belarusian Front, he led the army to conquer Berlin. He presided over the unconditional surrender ceremony of Nazi Germany late at night on May 8 and signed it on behalf of the Soviet Union. After the war, Zhukov was jealous of Stalin due to his outstanding military exploits and shortcomings in his own character. In 1946, Sokolovsky succeeded him as commander of the Soviet troops in Germany, and Zhukov became commander-in-chief of the Soviet Army. In 1947, he was criticized by Stalin and sent to the Odessa Military District, far away from Moscow, as the commander. Later, he was demoted to the Ural Secondary Military District, which has a more secondary strategic position, as the commander. Zhukov was recalled to Moscow in 1953, but Stalin died immediately, so there is no way to confirm the reason for Zhukov's recall. In 1953, Zhukov participated in the arrest of Beria and became First Deputy Minister of Defense. In 1955, he was appointed Minister of Defense of the Soviet Union. In 1956 Zhukov was responsible for formulating the plan to invade Hungary. In 1957, Khrushchev had conflicts with Molotov, Bulganin and others. The latter asked Khrushchev to resign at the presidium meeting, and Khrushchev asked to convene a plenary meeting of the Party Central Committee. Zhukov supported Khrushchev, sent military planes to bring all Central Committee members to Moscow, and made a powerful speech accusing Molotov and others of participating in Stalin's purge movement, thereby consolidating Khrushchev's position. Khrushchev then felt threatened by Zhukov and took advantage of Zhukov's visit to exclude him. After his return, he charged him with the trumped-up charge of "Bonapartist" - the same name as the Tukhachevsky injustice case. —Removed Zhukov from his post as defense minister. After Khrushchev stepped down, Zhukov was mentioned again. Zhukov, who lives in leisure, has written military works such as "Memories and Thoughts", "In the Battle to Defend the Capital", "Kursk Bulge", "On the Direction of Berlin", etc., describing many Soviet-German battlefields in World War II. famous battles and elaborated on his military thoughts. Zhukov died in 1974 and was buried under the Kremlin wall in Red Square. Zhukov made great achievements in his long military career from soldier to marshal. He was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union four times (1939.8.29, 1944.7.29, 1945.6.1, 1956.12.1), the only two people in the history of the Soviet Union (the other one was the leader of the Soviet Union who was obsessed with medals). Brezhnev). He is also one of the three people to receive the Order of Victory twice (the other two are Stalin and Vasilevsky). In addition, he also received 6 Orders of Lenin, 1 Order of the October Revolution, 3 Orders of the Red Banner, and 1 Order of the Red Banner. 2 Medals of Suvorov, 1 Medal of the Republic of Tuva, 1 Medal of the Republic of Mongolia, Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic (1969), 1 honorary weapon, many medals and foreign medals .

Rommelmanstein, Rommel and Guderian are collectively known as the three famous generals of Nazi Germany during World War II. Of course, from a political perspective, they are absolutely. They were fascist accomplices who committed unforgivable war crimes against other countries, and were Hitler's killers who brought harm to the world. From a military perspective, their extraordinary military qualities and excellent military command art have had a profound impact on world military history. It has a significant impact and is indeed worth studying by future generations.

Compared with the Nazi German politicians and SS leaders who caused the massacre, they were relatively innocent as regular outstanding generals of the German Wehrmacht. Although they planned and commanded Hitler's war, they opposed the Nazi's policy of massacre and extermination. He did not participate in the massacre. Perhaps it is because of this, coupled with their amazing military attainments, that they have won the respect of enemy countries and the objective evaluation of historians and military scientists. Rommel was the most famous German general in World War II. Anyone with a little knowledge of world military history will know his famous nickname-"Desert Fox". Due to his series of amazing achievements in the desert battlefields of North Africa and the crazy publicity by the German and allied media, he had become a legendary soldier and an idol worshiped by the Germans during his lifetime. Erwin Rommel (1891-1944) participated in World War I. In 1918, during the November bourgeois revolution in Germany, he served as the commander of the guard company. Since 1919, he has served as company commander, tactics instructor at the Dresden Infantry School, commander of the Chasseur Battalion in Goslar, instructor at the Potsdam Military School, principal of the Wiener Neustadt Military School, and guard captain of Hitler's base camp. In February 1940, he was appointed commander of the 7th Tank Division and participated in the war against France. During the Second World War, he kept a detailed diary of the battle and preserved a large amount of documentation, which provided a basis for future generations to study the Second World War. Rommel was born in the family of a middle school principal in Heidenm, southern Germany. After graduating from high school in 1910, he joined the army and studied at the Royal Officer Candidate School in Danzig. During World War I, he served as company commander and received three Crosses. After World War I, he successively served as a tactics instructor at the Dresden Infantry School, commander of the Chasseur Battalion in Goslar, instructor at the Potsdam Military School, and principal of the Vienna Neustadt Military School. His book "Infantry Offensive" aroused Hitler's interest. Pay attention to. In 1938, he was transferred to the guard captain of Hitler's base camp and accompanied Hitler on his tour of Czechoslovakia. After the outbreak of World War II, Rommel, as one of the commanders of the German High Command, was highly regarded by Hitler. In February 1940, Hitler appointed him commander of the 7th Armored Division and presented him with the book "Mein Kampf". From May to June, during the German invasion of Western Europe, Rommel commanded the 7th Armored Division to rush to the front, conquering Belgium first, then Arras, the Somme, and finally the west coast of France, which the French called "The Devil's Master". In February 1941, Hitler appointed Rommel as the commander of the "German African Army" and went to North Africa to rescue the defeated Italian army. After arriving at the front line in Tripoli, North Africa, he immediately made a reconnaissance flight and came to the conclusion that "the best defense is offense." So he changed the order of "holding the defense line" and directed his armored troops to brave the desert storm and move forward at full speed. The British army was caught off guard and retreated steadily. The German army advanced towards Alexandria and Suez. Rommel became famous as a result, earning the nickname "Desert Fox" and being promoted to marshal. Later, the main force of the German army was contained on the Soviet-German battlefield. Hitler refused to send troops to assist the North African front line, so Rommel had to stop the offensive and defend at Aleman. In November 1942, Rommel used his only 50,000 troops and 550 tanks to fight Montgomery's 195,000 troops and 1,029 tanks in the Aleman area, but was ultimately defeated due to being outnumbered. In March 1943, Rommel was recalled to the German base camp. In July of the same year, he was transferred to the commander of Army Group "B" of the Army in North Italy. From December 1943 to July 1944, he led Army Group "B" to organize defense in France and commanded the resistance to the Normandy landing campaign. Subsequently, an attempted assassination of Hitler occurred in Germany, and Rommel was implicated. On October 14, 1944, due to persecution by Hitler, he committed suicide by taking poison in a car. The news announced to the public was that "Field Marshal Rommel died of a stroke on the way."

Churchill British Prime Minister Winston Churchill was a national hero who led the British people to achieve great victory in the anti-fascist war during World War II. He was one of the "Big Three" alongside Stalin and Roosevelt. , is a great man who stands in the annals of world history. Churchill was born into a prestigious aristocratic family. His ancestor, the Duke of Marlborough, was a famous military commander in British history and a powerful figure in British politics during the reign of Queen Anne; his father, Lord Randolph, was an outstanding British politician at the end of the last century and served as Salzburg Chancellor of the Exchequer in Bury's Cabinet. The great achievements of his ancestors, the political achievements of his father's generation, and the glory and political tradition of his family undoubtedly had a huge impact on Churchill's life and played a key role in his growth into a famous British prime minister. They provided Churchill with an example to learn from, set goals to strive for, and cultivated his sense of historical responsibility for the motherland. They became a powerful driving force for Churchill's tireless pursuit and achievements throughout his life. Churchill never went to university. His profound knowledge and multi-faceted talents were acquired through hard self-study. When he was young, he was stationed in Bangalore, southern India, where for more than half a year he "read four or five hours of historical and philosophical works every day." Since then, Churchill has absorbed rich ideological nutrition from the works of famous thinkers, philosophers, historians and biologists such as Plato, Gibbon, Macaulay, Schopenhauer, Leckie, Malthus, and Darwin.

This made his thoughts more profound and his life beliefs more firm, and also made him grow into "the most outstanding and versatile person in the era we live in." Churchill wore many glorious laurels on his head. He was a prolific writer, an eloquent speaker, a statesman who managed the country, and a legendary hero in war. He wrote 26 monographs in 45 volumes in his lifetime. Almost every work caused a sensation in the UK and the world after being published. It received rave reviews and was translated into many languages ????and widely distributed in various countries around the world. So much so that the Sunday Times once asserted: "Few people in the 20th century received more royalties than Churchill." In 1953, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. During the many parliamentary campaigns and parliamentary debates in his life, especially at important moments during the Second World War, he delivered many skillful and touching speeches, which left a deep impression on people. impression. The Swedish Academy said in its award speech awarding him the Nobel Prize for Literature: "Churchill's mature speech was quick and accurate in purpose, and the content was spectacular and moving. It was like a force that forged a historical link. ...Churchill was at a critical moment for freedom and respect for humanity. His eloquent speech also had a touching magic power. Perhaps it was with this great speech that he established an immortal monument. "Academician S. Schwartz also said in his award speech, "Churchill is the most powerful person in history. Political and literary achievements were so great... Never before had a leader been both so outstanding." Indeed, it is not only his works and speeches that have established an enduring monument for Churchill. His glorious performance as a politician and anti-fascist fighter. He was an elected member of Parliament for most of his life and held senior cabinet positions on several occasions. He experienced many political ups and downs, and each time he achieved his goal by overcoming difficulties and obstacles with indomitable efforts and fearless fighting spirit. He finally reached the glorious peak and stood at a critical juncture of historical crisis in Britain. , becoming a highly anticipated political leader. Even his political opponents said: "Churchill was the person who everyone agreed could never become prime minister, but he was also unanimously welcomed by everyone at this critical moment as the only person who could possibly be the leader." "People can't help but like it. He, his talent and vitality are unparalleled." In the long years leading to victory, Churchill repeatedly vowed to fight to the end in his speeches, expressing the aspirations of the British people. He said: "We will never stop, never tire, and never give in. The people of the country have vowed to take up this task: to clean up the poison of Nazis in Europe and save the world from a new dark age. ... We What he wants to seize is the life and soul of Hitler and Hitlerism, nothing more, and he will not give up until he achieves his goal. "Churchill has become a concentrated symbol of the heroic and unyielding fighting spirit of the British people in the eyes of the world. "The Sunday Times" commented: "Today, Winston Churchill is not only the embodiment of the British spirit, but also our strong leader. Not only the British, but the entire free world have incredible trust in him." It is also worth noting that, Churchill is a famous stubborn anti-Japanese figure. But at the critical moment of World War II, when dealing with the issue of relations with the Soviet Union, he used the great courage and high flexibility of an outstanding politician to complete British politics and his own political career based on the fundamental interests of the British people. During the major historical turning point in the war, it did not hesitate to become an ally with the Soviet Union, allowing anti-fascist forces with different ideologies to form a united front under specific historical conditions, thereby ensuring the final victory of the war. Stalin praised Churchill as "a figure that only appears once in a century." In addition, Churchill can also be called a prophet, inventor, strategist, and diplomat. His predictions about some major technological developments in future wars as early as the 1930s later became a reality; with extraordinary and amazing sensitivity and great courage, he braved the huge pressure of the pacifist wave and "in the Politically, he was almost in danger of being wiped out." He never gave up for a day to issue prophetic war warnings to his countrymen, making the British mentally prepared for the coming war. He proposed research on this issue four years before the method of using radar to detect incoming enemy aircraft was officially put into use. He is revered as the "Father of Tanks" for using naval funds to improve and build a large number of "land boats", which transformed wheeled armored vehicles into powerful modern tanks. He presided over the formulation of many strategic plans in World War II. He personally cultivated the Anglo-American relationship that influenced the world political landscape at that time and even later. In short, Churchill is a legendary figure with extremely rich life connotations.

Montgomery 1. MONTGOMERY of Alamein, Sir Bernard Law 1887.11.17-1976.3.25) Bernard Law Montgomery, British field marshal and military strategist. Born in St. Mark's Parish, Kennington, London, into a priest's family. He didn't officially go to school until he was 14 in 1901. His academic performance was poor, but his sports performance was excellent. In 1907, he was miraculously admitted to the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. After graduating in December 1908, he joined the Royal Warwickshire Regiment stationed in India and served as a second lieutenant platoon leader. He participated in the First World War and was seriously injured and almost died. At the end of the war in 1918, he served as a first-class staff officer at the division headquarters, lieutenant colonel.

In January 1920, Montgomery entered the Camberley Staff College. After graduating in December of the same year, he participated in the Irish War. In January 1926, he was transferred back to the Staff College as an instructor. In 1930, the War Department selected him to reorganize the infantry instruction. In 1934, he was appointed chief instructor of the Staff College, Quetta. In 1937, he was transferred to the commander of the 9th Infantry Brigade. Because of his skill in leading troops, he was appreciated by Wavell, the then commander of the Southern Military District. In October 1938, he served as the commander of the 8th Division in Palestine, participated in suppressing the Palestinian armed uprising, and was promoted to major general. In August 1939, he was transferred back to China to take over as the commander of the 3rd Division of the Expeditionary Force, known as the "Steel Division". After the outbreak of World War II, Montgomery led the 3rd Division to accompany the British Expeditionary Force across the English Channel and into France. In May 1940, when the German army blitzed Western Europe, he fought alongside the French and Belgian troops, and was later forced to retreat to the UK from Dunkirk with the British Expeditionary Force. In 1941, he served as commander of the 5th Army and the 12th Army. In December, he was promoted to commander of the Southeast Military Region, responsible for selecting, adjusting, and training commanders at all levels, strictly training troops, and improving military quality. In July 1942, the British 8th Army in the North African desert was defeated by the "Desert Fox" Rommel's German Afrika Korps and retreated to the Alamein area in Egypt. When the British army was on the verge of collapse, Churchill ordered him to take over as commander of the 8th Army in August to confront Rommel. After he was ordered to do so at the critical moment, after a period of preparation, he launched the Battle of Aleman against the Germans from October to November, defeating Rommel's Afrika Korps in one fell swoop and turning the tide of the war in North Africa. Subsequently, he sent troops to pursue the victory and cooperated with the US military to encircle and annihilate the German and Italian troops in Tunisia. His reputation soared and he was known as the hunter who captured the "Desert Fox". In July 1943, he led the British troops to land in Sicily. From September to December, it cooperated with the US military to implement the Italian campaign and entered the Italian peninsula. In January 1944, he was transferred to the Allied 21st Army Group Commander and Ground Forces Commander, and participated in the planning of the Normandy landing campaign. In June 1944, he participated in commanding the Allied troops to land in Normandy, France. After that, he led the British and Canadian troops to fight in France, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Germany. In September of the same year, he was promoted to field marshal. In 1945, it began to advance into the hinterland of northern Germany and entered Denmark in May, where it accepted the surrender of all German troops stationed in northwest Germany. After Germany surrendered, Montgomery served as the British representative on the Allied Control Committee and deputy commander-in-chief of the Allied Joint Command. From 1946 to 1948, he served as Chief of General Staff of the British Empire and was granted the title of Viscount. In 1948, he was appointed Chairman of the Permanent Defense Organization of the Western European Union, and in 1951, he was appointed Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the European Union of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Retired in the autumn of 1958. He died of illness in London on March 25, 1976, at the age of 89. Author of "Memoirs of Montgomery" and so on.

Dwight Eisenhower Dwight Danid Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 - March 28, 1969) was the 34th President of the United States and a five-star general in the Army. In the history of the US military, Eisenhower is a legendary figure full of drama. He has won many firsts. In the history of the US military, the *** awarded 10 five-star generals. Eisenhower was promoted "fastest"; he was born "the poorest"; he was the first person to command the largest battle operation in the US military; he was the first He serves as the Supreme Allied Commander of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization; he is the first retired senior general of the US military to serve as the president of Columbia University; his future is "number one" - the only five-star general to become president. Birthplace: Denison, Texas Death: Mount Vernon Farm, Gettysburg, Kansas Burial: Abilene, Kansas School: U.S. Army Academy (West Point) Position: Allied Expeditionary Forces in Europe Commander-in-Chief, Chief of Staff of the Army, President of Columbia University, Chairman of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization Military Committee, the 34th President of the United States Military Rank: Five-star General of the Army (Gemeral Of the Army) Wife: Marie-Giovanni Dodd Book: " "Expedition to Europe", "Ordered to Change", "Making Peace", "Leisurely Words" Quotes: "I cannot tolerate those extreme rightists who call everyone who disagrees with them communists, and I cannot tolerate them either. Those on the far right who cry out that the rest of us are cruel profiteers.

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