[Scholarship, Success | Reading]
There are three kinds of reading: mental reading, eye reading and oral reading.
[Scholarship, Success | Reading]
Reading without thinking will lead to becoming a slave to books; If you just think without learning, you will lose your knowledge and get no real understanding. Therefore, the way to learn is not only to be good at reading, but also to be good at thinking, to distinguish right from wrong, and to integrate knowledge with practice. [Scholarship, Success | Reading]
Some books can be tasted, some books can be swallowed, and a few books should be chewed and digested; In other words, it is enough to read only part of some books, and some books can be read completely, but you don't have to read them too carefully; There are several books that should be read completely, diligently and attentively.
[Scholarship, Success | Reading]
You should read what you want to read. If you regard reading as a task, you will get little benefit.
The more I read, the more books bring me closer to the world, and life becomes brighter and more meaningful for me.
-(Soviet Union) Gorky
Ignorance makes people lag behind, and knowledge makes people move forward. -(Soviet Union) Krupskaya
Read more books without thinking, and you will feel that you know a lot. However, when you read a lot and think a lot, you will clearly see that you know very little. -Voltaire
The spread of creative books in the dark ages is like the sun shining on the desolate desert, in order to turn darkness into light. These books are epoch-making works in the history of human spirit, and people are marching towards various new discoveries based on their principles. -(French) helvetius
When reading, be diligent in using your brain, your hands and your pen. When you have an idea, you should write it down, write more, write more and remember more. Otherwise, if you have an idea, you will forget it after a long time. Write more, remember more and learn more, and you will accumulate a lot of knowledge, so that you can make ends meet. -Chen Yuan Time waits for no one, study hard.
The books I read there in middle school are the basic knowledge that I will never forget until I die. -Yu Dafu
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Wang Yanan sleeps in a three-legged bed.
When Wang Yanan was a child, he was ambitious and loved reading.
When he was in middle school, in order to gain more time to study, he deliberately sawed off one foot of his wooden bed and turned it into a three-legged bed. I read until late at night every day. I went to bed when I was tired, and then I turned over in a daze. The bed leans in the direction of short feet. He woke up suddenly, got out of bed at once and read at night. Every day, without interruption. As a result, he achieved excellent results every year and was praised as one of the "three outstanding figures" in his class.
Because he studied hard as a teenager, he eventually became an outstanding economist in China.
How did Chairman Mao study?
Special hobby
For decades, Chairman Mao has been very busy, but he always finds time, even a minute, to study. His former residence in Zhongnanhai is a sea of books. Books are everywhere on the bookcase, desk, dining table and coffee table in the bedroom. All the beds are occupied by books except the place where one person lies.
In order to study, Chairman Mao spent all available time. A few minutes before swimming, I sometimes have to read some famous poems. After swimming, I forgot to rest, so I picked up the book again. He never wastes even a few minutes in the toilet. The Selected Works of Zhaoming, the second edition of Song Xichun, and other books and periodicals were all completed intermittently during this period. Read a little today and a little tomorrow.
Chairman Mao often takes a box of books with him when he goes out for meetings or inspections. The train shook and bumped on the way, and he completely ignored it. He always keeps reading with a magnifying glass in one hand and a page in the other. In other places, like Beijing, there are books on the bed, desk, coffee table and dining table, which seem to be free.
Although Chairman Mao was seriously ill in his later years, he still insisted on studying. He reread a hardcover Complete Works of Lu Xun and many other books and periodicals published before liberation and brought to Beijing from Yan 'an.
On one occasion, Chairman Mao had a fever of over 39 degrees, and the doctor forbade him to read books. He said sadly, I have loved reading all my life, and now you don't let me study, and you make me lie here all day eating and sleeping. You know how hard it is for me! The staff had to put the books they had taken next to him, and he smiled happily.
Study hard and read again and again
Chairman Mao has never opposed the reading method that only seeks quick results. When he read the complete works of Han Changli's poems, except for a few chapters, he carefully pondered and studied them one by one, from vocabulary, sentence reading, chapters to the meaning of the full text. He can recite most of Han Ji's poems fluently through repeated reading and reciting. He read novels such as Journey to the West, Dream of Red Mansions, Outlaws of the Marsh and Romance of the Three Kingdoms in primary school and reread them in the 1960s. He has seen more than ten different versions of A Dream of Red Mansions. In the fifties, sixties and seventies, he read Selected Works of Zhaoming several times at school. There are three extant versions of his annotation.
He has read many books on Marxism-Leninism and philosophy. He has read Li Da's History of the United Front and Outline of Sociology for ten times each. He has studied Manifesto of the Productive Party, Das Kapital, Selected Works of Lenin and so on. Many chapters and paragraphs also have notes and sketches.
No pen and ink, no books.
For decades, every time Chairman Mao read a book or an article, he drew circles, bars, dots and other symbols in important places, and wrote a lot of comments in the eyebrows and blanks. Some also extract appropriate places in books and texts or write down reading notes or experiences at any time. Many of Chairman Mao's books are Zhu Mo, with symbols such as annotations, circles, sketches, straight lines, curves, double lines, three straight lines, double circles, three circles, triangles and forks everywhere.
Read everything
Chairman Mao's interest in reading is very extensive, and he reads books on philosophy, politics, economy, history, literature, military and other social sciences as well as some natural sciences.
Many of the books he has read are about history. Chairman Mao likes reading all kinds of Chinese and foreign historical books, especially those of China. From twenty-four histories, history as a mirror and historical records to various unofficial history, official history and historical romances. He has always advocated "making the past serve the present" and attached great importance to historical experience. In his works and speeches, he often quoted historical allusions from Chinese and foreign history books to vividly explain profound truth, and he often used historical experience and lessons to guide and treat today's revolutionary cause.
Chairman Mao also read many books about China literature. He is a real reader.
Lu Xun chewed pepper to drive away the cold.
Mr. Lu Xun studied hard since he was a child. When I was a teenager, I attended Jiangnan Naval Academy and got excellent results in the first semester. The school awarded him a gold medal. He immediately took it to the street of Nanjing Gulou and sold it. Then he bought some books and a bunch of red peppers. Whenever it's cold at night and he can't stand reading at night, he picks a pepper and chews it in his mouth, making his forehead sweat. In this way, he insisted on studying. After studying hard, he finally became a famous writer in China.
A child who picks up shells.
/kloc-Rousseau, a French enlightenment thinker in the 0 th and 8 th centuries, has always opposed excessive reading.
At that time, some people in society never stopped after learning one knowledge to catch up with another. They only spend time learning other people's ideas, but have no time to exercise their own. As a result, knowledge has been learned, but intelligence has rarely increased.
Rousseau didn't like it very much. In his book Emile, he said that such a person "is like a child picking up shells on the beach. At first, he picked up some shells, but when he saw other shells, he wanted to pick them up again. As a result, he threw some and picked up some, and even picked up many shells. When he didn't know which one to choose, he had to throw them all away and go back empty-handed. "
King or study?
Macaulay, a famous historian, once wrote to a little girl that if someone wanted me to be the greatest king, living in a palace all my life, with gardens, delicious food, fine wine, a carriage, gorgeous clothes and hundreds of servants, I would never be king.
I would rather be a poor man and live in an attic with many books than an illiterate king.
Gu personally supervised reading.
"Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world." This famous saying was first put forward by Gu, a patriotic thinker and famous scholar in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties.
Gu studied hard since he was a child. Enlightened at the age of 6, 10 began to read history books and literary masterpieces. 1 1 years old, his grandfather Li asked him to finish the History as a Mirror, and warned: "Now some people just browse the outline and other books to save trouble, thinking that everything is fine. I don't think this is worth taking. " These words made Gu realize that reading and studying is an honest thing and must be treated seriously and faithfully. Gu Qin was diligent in reading, and he adopted the measures of "self-examination reading": First, he set himself the number of volumes that must be read every day; Secondly, he limited himself to copying the books he finished reading every day. After he finished reading Purple Tongzhi Sword, one book became two books. Third, ask yourself to take notes and write down your experiences every time you read a book. Some of his reading notes were later incorporated into the famous book Rizhilu; Finally, every spring and autumn, he will review the books he read in the first half of the year, read them silently, and ask people to read them aloud. If differences are found, he will check them immediately. He stipulated that he would spend 200 pages a day like this and never rest until he finished reviewing.
Zhao Pu, Prime Minister of Northern Song Dynasty
"History of Song Dynasty" said, "Ordinary people know less about official affairs and less about academics. Get along well with each other, and Mao often advises him to study. In his later years, he kept his books. Every time he went back to a private place, he would close the door and read a book. The next day, the temporary execution was like a stream. Since it's embarrassing, my family will read it, and then there will be 20 Analects.
Head hanging beam, cone bite
Capsule shadow night reading
A hole was drilled in the wall to get light from the neighbor's house.
Cock crow and practice sword-diligence and self-discipline
A hole was drilled in the wall to get light from the neighbor's house.
During the Han Dynasty, Kuang Heng was very studious as a teenager.
As his family is poor, he has to do a lot of work during the day to earn money. Only at night can he sit down and read. However, he can't afford candles, so he can't read when it is dark. Kuang Heng was heartbroken at this time-wasting behavior, and his heart was very painful.
His neighbor's family is very rich. At night, light candles in several rooms to make them bright. One day, Kuang Heng summoned up his courage and said to his neighbor, "I want to study at night, but I can't afford candles. Can I borrow an inch of your house? " Neighbors have always looked down on people who are poorer than their family, so they said viciously and sarcastically, "Since you are too poor to buy candles, what books are you reading?" Kuang Heng was very angry, but he decided to read the book well.
When Kuang Heng came home, he quietly cut a small hole in the wall, through which the neighbor's candlelight came in. With this faint light, he eagerly began to read books and gradually finished reading all the books at home.
After reading these books, Kuang Heng felt that his knowledge was far from enough, and his desire to continue reading more books was even more urgent.
There is a big family nearby with many books. One day, Kuang Heng rolled up his bedding and appeared in front of a big house. He said to his host, "please take me in, and I will work for you at home for free." Just let me read all your books. " The host was moved by his spirit and agreed to his request to borrow books.
This is how Kuang Heng studied diligently. Later, he became the prime minister of the Han and Yuan emperors and became a famous scholar in the Western Han Dynasty.
[Last sentence]
This fable describes two things that Kuang Heng did as a teenager. One is stealing light from the wall, and the other is borrowing books and studying hard. He praised Kuang Heng's spirit of bravely overcoming difficulties and studying hard. Set a good example for us to study hard.
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Ba Jin's reading method
The famous writer Ba Jin's reading method is very strange, because he did it without books. Reading without books is really a miracle of the world. What's going on here? Ba Jin said: "I was hospitalized for the second time. After taking a nap for less than an hour every day, I get out of bed and sit on the small sofa, waiting for the nurse to take my temperature at two o'clock. I sat still, but I didn't doze off. My brain won't rest. It is recalling some books and works I have read in the past, as if it wants to keep some beautiful things before my memory completely declines. "
It turns out that his reading method is to sit there and recall the books he has read. This has many advantages:
(1) is not restricted by conditions and can make full use of time. Ba Jin cited two examples: one was that during the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union, Leningrad was surrounded by the Germans for a long time, and a young girl wrote such sentences as "So-and-so, Anna karenin" in her diary. There was no electricity and no candles, and the whole city was out of power. Instead of reading, she sat quietly in the dark, recalling the plot in the book. Tolstoy's novels helped her through those terrible nights. Another example is his own personal experience of ten years of civil strife. He said: "If the rebels allowed me to keep a diary during the Cultural Revolution and allowed me to keep a diary according to my own wishes, my diary must be full of titles. People will wonder: my study has been blocked for ten years. Where can I find those books to read? They forget that there is a big warehouse in people's hearts, which stores things that others can't take away. " These two examples show that you can "read" without normal reading conditions.
(2) Review the past and learn new things. Through memory, take out the books you have read in the past and chew them bit by bit, just like cattle ruminating, which can be further digested and absorbed. Every time I recall, I will have a new understanding, a new understanding and a new harvest.
(3) Be able to continuously draw spiritual strength from the books you have read. Ba Jin said: "I am now struggling with my illness, and all kinds of works are inspiring me ... Even if I don't have the spirit to read new works during my illness, the spiritual wealth accumulated in the past is enough for my limited rest of my life. Until death, people need light and heat. "
Gu personally supervised reading.
"Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world." This famous saying was first put forward by Gu, a patriotic thinker and famous scholar in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties.
Gu studied hard since he was a child. Enlightened at the age of 6, 10 began to read history books and literary masterpieces. 1 1 years old, his grandfather Li asked him to finish the History as a Mirror, and warned: "Now some people just browse the outline and other books to save trouble, thinking that everything is fine. I don't think this is worth taking. " These words made Gu realize that reading and studying is an honest thing and must be treated seriously and faithfully. Gu Qin was diligent in reading, and he adopted the measures of "self-examination reading": First, he set himself the number of volumes that must be read every day; Secondly, he limited himself to copying the books he finished reading every day. After he finished reading Purple Tongzhi Sword, one book became two books. Third, ask yourself to take notes and write down your experiences every time you read a book. Some of his reading notes were later incorporated into the famous book Rizhilu; Finally, every spring and autumn, he will review the books he read in the first half of the year, read them silently, and ask people to read them aloud. If differences are found, he will check them immediately. He stipulated that he would spend 200 pages a day like this and never rest until he finished reviewing.
How did Chairman Mao study?
Special hobby
For decades, Chairman Mao has been very busy, but he always finds time, even a minute, to study. His former residence in Zhongnanhai is a sea of books. Books are everywhere on the bookcase, desk, dining table and coffee table in the bedroom. All the beds are occupied by books except the place where one person lies.
In order to study, Chairman Mao spent all available time. A few minutes before swimming, I sometimes have to read some famous poems. After swimming, I forgot to rest, so I picked up the book again. He never wastes even a few minutes in the toilet. The Selected Works of Zhaoming, the second edition of Song Xichun, and other books and periodicals were all completed intermittently during this period. Read a little today and a little tomorrow.
Chairman Mao often goes to boxes and books when he goes out for meetings or inspections. The train shook and bumped on the way, and he completely ignored it. He always keeps reading with a magnifying glass in one hand and a page in the other. In other places, like Beijing, there are books on the bed, desk, coffee table and dining table, which seem to be free.
Although Chairman Mao was seriously ill in his later years, he still insisted on studying. He reread a hardcover Complete Works of Lu Xun and many other books and periodicals published before liberation and brought to Beijing from Yan 'an.
On one occasion, Chairman Mao had a fever of over 39 degrees, and the doctor forbade him to read books. He said sadly, I have loved reading all my life, and now you don't let me study, and you make me lie here all day eating and sleeping. You know how hard it is for me! The staff had to put the books they had taken next to him, and he smiled happily.
Study hard and read again and again
Chairman Mao has never opposed the reading method that only pays attention to books, and Chairman Mao has never opposed the reading method that only pays attention to quick results and does not emphasize effects. When he read the complete works of Han Changli's poems, except for a few chapters, he carefully pondered and studied them one by one, from vocabulary, sentence reading, chapters to the meaning of the whole text. He can recite most of Han Ji's poems fluently through repeated reading and reciting. He read novels such as Journey to the West, Dream of Red Mansions, Outlaws of the Marsh and Romance of the Three Kingdoms in primary school and reread them in the 1960s. He has seen more than ten different versions of A Dream of Red Mansions. He read a book "Selected Works of Zhaoming" when he was at school. He read it in 1950s and 1960s, and read it several times in 1970s. There are three versions of his annotations.
He has read many books on Marxism-Leninism and philosophy. He has read Li Da's History of the United Front and Outline of Sociology for ten times each. He has studied Manifesto of the Productive Party, Das Kapital, Selected Works of Lenin and so on. Many chapters and paragraphs are also annotated and crossed.
No pen and ink, no books.
For decades, every time Chairman Mao read a book or an article, he drew circles, bars, dots and other symbols in important places, and wrote a lot of comments in the eyebrows and blanks.
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