The Tian family has less leisure in the month, and people are twice as busy in May.

In the evening, the south wind rises and the wheat turns yellow.

The mother-in-law has plenty of food and clothing, and the children are full of paddles.

Go with Tian Xiang. Ding Zhuang is in Nangang.

Filled with the heat of the country, the back was scorched by the sun.

I don't know about the heat, but I regret the long summer.

There is another poor woman with her son in her arms.

Grab the ear with your right hand and hang the basket with your left arm.

Listening to his words of concern is very sad.

My family's taxes are gone, so I can take this to satisfy my hunger.

What are my advantages today? I have never been involved in farming and mulberry.

There are three hundred stones in the land, and there is surplus food at the age of eight.

I am ashamed to see this, and I can't forget it every day.

Notes on the title or background of a book.

This is a five-character ancient poem. The original title of the poem reads: "When I am a county magistrate." Oh, this is Zhouzhi, Shaanxi. This is a famous allegorical poem written by a 36-year-old poet in the second year of Yuanhe (807).

Sentence solution

The Tian family has less leisure in the month, and people are twice as busy in May. In the evening, the south wind rises and the wheat turns yellow.

When farmers don't have much leisure all the year round, especially in the wheat harvest season in May, people are doubly busy. At night, a south wind blew, and the wheat on the ground was covered with fields and golden everywhere. The beginning of the poem explains the background. The words "less" and "times" are the eyes of poetry. The former shows the hard work of farmers all year round, while the latter reflects the exceptionally busy wheat harvest season. "Dragon", Tian Geng.

Mother-in-law is rich in food, and children are full of pot pulp. Go with Tian Xiang. Ding Zhuang is in Nangang.

Girls and daughters-in-law are carrying lunch boxes on their shoulders, and children are holding saucers and greeting each other to deliver meals to the fields, because those sturdy boys are harvesting wheat in Nangang. The first two sentences are intertextual, and the subjects of "eating lotus" and "raising pot pulp" are "aunt" and "childish" "Wood" is a round bamboo vessel used to hold rice in ancient times. "Pot pulp", with the soup in the pot. "Pay for the fields" and give food and drink to those who work in the fields.

Filled with the heat of the country, the back was scorched by the sun. I don't know about heat, but I cherish the long summer.

They bowed their heads and cut the wheat, and the hot and humid rustic water was transpiration under their feet, and the hot sun was shining on their backs. I'm exhausted, but I still can't care about the heat. I just want to cherish the long sunshine in early summer and do more work. Writing here, a scene of farmers' hard work has been strongly displayed. "I don't know the heat, but I regret the long summer" is a kind of abnormal psychology. Because of this, readers will wonder why there is such an abnormality.

There is another poor woman with her son in her arms. Grab the ear with your right hand and hang the basket with your left arm.

There is also a poor woman standing next to them with a child in her arms. She has some scattered ears of wheat in her right hand and a worn-out bamboo basket in her left arm. At this point, the perspective suddenly turned to the wheat picker, depicting a sad scene.

Listening to his words of concern is very sad. My family lost all taxes, so I can use this to satisfy my hunger.

Listening to what she said when she looked at everyone, everyone couldn't help but feel extremely sad about it. In order to pay taxes to the government, she has sold her land, and now she is only picking up these ears of wheat to fill her hungry stomach. The two scenes of "Wheat Harvest" and "Wheat Ear" are intertwined, with both differences and connections: the former reveals the hardships of farmers, while the latter reveals heavy taxes. Today's wheat gatherers are yesterday's wheat gatherers; Today's wheat harvesters may become tomorrow's wheat harvesters. Strong irony is self-evident.

Today, I have no merit, and I have never worked in farming and mulberry. There are three hundred stones in the land, and there is surplus food at the age of eight. I am ashamed to see this, and I can't forget it every day.

What merits and virtues do I have? Neither farming nor mulberry picking, but the salary for one year is actually 300 stones. By the end of the year, there is still surplus grain in the warehouse. Meditate on these things, feel even more ashamed in private, and even forget them all day.

This lyric text is the essence of the whole poem and the product of the author's touching feelings, which shows the poet's deep sympathy for the working people. Bai Juyi wrote satirical poems with the aim of "only making people sick, and I hope the emperor knows." In this poem, he compared the peasants with himself as a court official with his own personal feelings, hoping that the "son of heaven" would feel something. The technique is ingenious and euphemistic, which can be described as well-meaning.

Comments and explanations

Bai Juyi is an artistic master who is good at writing narrative poems. His narrative poems are full of worldly wisdom, twists and turns of events and beautiful details. Moreover, his narrative poems always reveal the soul and contain feelings. In this poem, the poet's mind is obviously shocked by the tragic scene he heard and saw. He not only vividly described the hard work and miserable life scenes of wheat harvesters and wheat gatherers, but also expressed deep sympathy for them between the lines. What is commendable is that the poet reflects on himself and thinks for himself. At that time, it was really rare for poets to take the initiative to compare with farmers. This contrast is novel, alert and thought-provoking, which shows the ideological height of this poem.

The famous sentence is:

The Tian family has less leisure in the month, and people are twice as busy in May.

I am ashamed to read this in private, and I can't forget it every day.