1. Classical Chinese essays containing philosophy
Philosophy of affairs 1. Stones from other mountains can be used to attack jade ------lt; gt; 2. A melon field does not accept shoes, Li The bottom is not straight------Han Yuefu Folk Songlt; gt; 3. There is a good high bun in the city, one foot high in all directions------Han Yuefu Folk Songlt; gt; 4. He Yibai steelmaking, turned into Wrap your fingers softly ------Jin Liu Kunlt; gt; 5. If you want to see a thousand miles away, go to a higher level ------Tang Wang Zhihuanlt; gt; 6. Personnel is metabolized, and the past is accomplished. Ancient and modern ------Meng Haoran of the Tang Dynastylt; gt; 7. Grass and trees have no intention, and they will flourish and wither from time to time------Meng Haoran of the Tang Dynastylt; gt; 8. Plant one grain of millet in spring and harvest ten thousand grains in autumn- -----Li Shen of the Tang Dynastylt; gt; 9. It is ridiculous to think that an earthworm can shake a big tree, but it is ridiculous -----Han Yu of the Tang Dynastylt; .To shoot a man first shoot a horse, to capture a thief first capture the king------Du Fu of the Tang Dynastylt; gt; 11. Things are not big or small, they should adapt to their own conditions------Du Fu of the Tang Dynastylt; gt; 12. There are countless flowers in spring, but they are nothing like the fruits of autumn------Song Dynasty. Chen Lianglt; .All things rise and fall naturally------Li Bai of the Tang Dynastylt; gt; 15. If the sky is sentimental, the sky will also grow old------Li He of the Tang Dynastylt; gt; 16. An inch of time, an inch of gold--- ---Wang Zhenbai of the Tang Dynastylt; gt; 17. Seventy years of life are rare in ancient times------Du Fu of the Tang Dynastylt; gt; 18. The building outside the Qingshan Tower outside the mountain------Lin Sheng of the Song Dynastylt; gt; 19. Who has not been seen in ancient history, but now we can see the achievements of the ancients - Tang. Cen Shenlt; gt; 20. The flowers are similar every year, but the people are different every year - Tang. Liu Xiyilt; gt; 21. Yin's father is still afraid of his offspring, and his husband should not underestimate his youth ------ Tang Li Bailt; gt; 22. Fake gold should be plated with real gold. If it is real gold, it should not be plated with gold --- ---Li Shen of the Tang Dynastylt; gt; 23. Thousands of sails passed by the side of the sunken boat, and thousands of spring trees in front of the diseased trees------Liu Yuxi of the Tang Dynastylt; gt; 24. Please don’t play the music of the previous dynasty and listen to it. Singing newly turned willow branches------Liu Yuxi of the Tang Dynastylt; gt; 25. The new leaves in the fragrant forest urge the old leaves, and the waves in front of the flowing water give way to the waves behind------Liu Yuxi of the Tang Dynastylt; gt; 26. Picking After getting hundreds of flowers into honey, it will be sweet for whomever you work hard for------Tang Luo Yinlt; lt; gt; 28. Only look at the waves behind to urge the waves ahead, and realize that the new man is better than the old man ------ Song. ---Song Dynasty. Wang Anshilt; gt; 30. Don't know the true face of Mount Lu, just because you are in this mountain------Song Dynasty. Su Shilt; -----Gao Ming of the Yuan Dynastylt; gt; 32. What you get on paper will eventually become shallow, but you must know that you have to do it------Lu You of the Song Dynastylt; Yi Weichun------Su Lin of the Song Dynasty lt; gt; 34. Life is similar everywhere, it should be like a flying bird stepping on the snow and mud. Occasionally there are fingers and claws left on the mud, and Hongfei is counting things.---- --Su Shi of the Song Dynastylt; gt; 35. People have joys and sorrows, separation and reunion, and the moon waxes and wanes. It is difficult to complete this matter in ancient times------Su Shi of the Song Dynastylt; gt; 36. There is also a bay of stagnant water with no waves at all. When the spring breeze swings------Yuan. Dai Shanfult; gt; 37. Good things have always been frugal, and since ancient times melons are bitter and then sweet------Yuan. Bai Pult; gt; 38. Canglong is still okay at sunset The rain makes the old trees bloom more in spring------Ming Dynasty. Gu Yanwult; ;gt;.
2. Five classical Chinese essays containing truths are urgently needed
1. Confucius said: "Isn't it just right to learn and practice it from time to time? Isn't it a joy to have friends come from afar? People don't know and are unhappy, not Are you a gentleman?" ("Xueer") Learning requires constant review to master.
It is a pleasure to learn knowledge and review it on time. There are both learning methods and learning attitudes.
Friends here refer to like-minded people. It is a pleasure to have like-minded people come from far away to discuss issues together.
People don’t understand me, but I don’t resent it. This is the way of a gentleman. This is a matter of personal cultivation.
2. Confucius said: "You can become a teacher by reviewing the old knowledge and learning the new." ("Wei Zheng") Reviewing old knowledge can lead to new understandings or discoveries. .
In this way, you can become a teacher. 3. Confucius said: "Learning without thinking will lead to leap; thinking without learning will lead to peril."
("Wei Zheng") If you only read and refuse to use your brain to think, you will feel confused; just blindly If you fantasize and refuse to read, you will have doubts. This article explains the dialectical relationship between learning and thinking, and also talks about learning methods.
4. Confucius said: "Yu, teach your daughter to know it! Knowing it means knowing it, not knowing it means not knowing it, this is knowing." ("Wei Zheng") Kong Yu said: "Zi Lu, teach you the correct understanding. The truth of things.
(That is) knowing means knowing, and not knowing means not knowing. This is the correct attitude towards things.
5. Zigong asked: "Why is Confucius called Wenzi 'wen'?" Confucius said: "He is quick and eager to learn, and he is not ashamed to ask questions. This is why he is called 'wen'." ("Gongye") "Long") Zigong asked: "Why is Confucius Wenzi called "Wen"?" Confucius said: "He is smart and loves to learn and be cunning, and he is not ashamed to ask people who are inferior to him for advice.
Therefore, "Wen" is used as his posthumous title. "Here, I use the answer to Yu Gong's question to teach his disciples to study diligently and ask questions well.
6. Confucius said: "I know things silently, I am not tired of learning, I am not tired of teaching others, what is that for me!" ("Shu Er") This is Confucius's autobiography, talking about the attitude towards learning. and methods. You should keep what you have learned silently in your heart and continue to accumulate knowledge.
"Never tire of learning" talks about the spirit of being eager to learn, never ending learning, and never feeling satisfied. "Being tireless in teaching" refers to teaching attitude and teaching students enthusiastically.
Confucius did this all his life, so he said: "What is there for me?" It showed Confucius' confidence. 7. Confucius said: "When three people walk, there must be a teacher from me; choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones."
("Shu Er") Confucius said: "A few people When we walk together, there must be someone who can be my teacher. I should choose their strengths to learn from and pay attention to correcting their shortcomings. ”
What this means is that as long as you ask for advice humbly, there are teachers everywhere. . 8. Confucius said: "Those who know well are not as good as those who are good at it, and those who are good at it are not as good as those who are happy."
("Yong Ye") Confucius said: "(For any career and knowledge) Those who understand it are not as good as those who understand it." Those who love it are not as good as those who take pleasure in it. "This paragraph mainly talks about the three levels of learning. Only those who take pleasure in it can truly learn it well.
9. Confucius was on the river and said: "The passing of time is like a man, who does not give up day and night." ("Zihan") Confucius stood by the river and sighed: "The passing time is like the river water, Days and nights go by without stopping. ”
It’s about cherishing precious time. 10. Confucius said: "I have tried not to eat all day long, not to sleep all night, thinking, it is useless, it is not as good as learning."
("Wei Linggong") Kong Yu said: "I used to spend all day long thinking Not eating, staying up all night, thinking about problems, (but) is of no benefit, it is better to study." Writing with Zhu Yuan: The wind and smoke are all pure, the Tianshan Mountains are beautiful.
Drifting in the current, anything. From Fuyang to Tonglu, a hundred miles or so, there are strange mountains and rivers, unique in the world.
The water is all pale blue, and the bottom is thousands of feet deep.
There are fish and rocks swimming around, which are unobstructed even if you look directly at them.
The rapids are like arrows, and the waves are as fierce as rushing. The mountains between the banks are all covered with cold trees. They compete with each other to reach the top. They compete for heights and point directly to the top, forming thousands of peaks.
The spring water stirs the rocks, making a cool sound; the good birds sing to each other, and their chirping becomes a rhyme. The cicada spins endlessly, while the ape cries endlessly.
Those who fly violently to the sky look at the peaks and rest their minds; those who are economical in worldly affairs are eager to glimpse and forget their rebellion. The top of the horizontal keel is covered, and it is still dim during the day; the sparse strips overlap, and sometimes the sun can be seen.
All the wind, dust, and smoke have dispersed, and the sky and mountain peaks reveal the same clear color. Let the boat float along with the water, traveling east or west.
From Fuyang to Tonglu, there is a hundred miles of waterway, steep peaks and strange flowing water, which is unique in the world. The water in the river is all green, and the bottom can be seen even at a depth of thousands of feet.
You can see the swimming fish and the thin pebbles very clearly. The rushing water is faster than a flying arrow, and the turbulent river waves are as powerful as galloping horses.
Cold-resistant evergreen trees grow on the high mountains between the two banks. Depending on the terrain, the mountains compete to rise upward, competing with each other in height and distance.
They are vying to point straight to the sky, forming thousands of peaks. The spring water hits the rocks, making a cool sound; the good birds sing in harmony with each other, weaving a harmonious melody.
The cicadas chirp endlessly, while the apes chirp a thousand times. People who soar into the sky like eagles in their official career will calm down their passion for fame and fortune by taking a look at such beautiful peaks; people who are busy planning and governing worldly affairs all day long will linger after taking a look at such beautiful valleys.
The slanting branches block the sky, making it as dark as dusk even during the day; the sparse branches cover each other, and sometimes some light spots are leaked. Ailian said: There are many kinds of plants and flowers on the earth or on the land that are loved by people.
Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty was partial to chrysanthemums; since the Li and Tang dynasties, people in the world have particularly liked peonies; but I only like the lotus for its purity, which comes from the mud and is not contaminated by filth. It has been washed by clean water. , appears pure but not coquettish. It has a clear heart and a straight appearance, unlike vines spreading everywhere or branches crisscrossing everywhere.
The fragrance is pure and fragrant from a distance, and the beauty is as graceful as a beautiful woman standing on the water. It can only be appreciated from a distance and cannot be played with wantonly. I liken the chrysanthemum to a reclusive person among the flowers.
Peony is the symbol of wealth among flowers. And what about the lotus? He is a gentleman among flowers.
Oops! (Interjection, used as a particle here to emphasize the tone) People who love chrysanthemums are rarely heard of after Tao Yuanming's death. How many people who love lotus have the same love as me? (How many people are there?) As for those who love peonies, it is suitable for most people to have a home inscription: The mountain does not have to be high, if there are immortals (living in it), it will be famous all over the world; the water does not have to be deep, if there are dragons (living in it) Blessings will come to you.
This (although) is a simple house, but fortunately the owner has good virtues. Moss to front steps. 3. Are there any other ancient famous sayings that contain the philosophy of life?
"Mencius·Gao Zixia"
Shun was born in the countryside, Fu Shuo was in the building of the board, and he was glued. Li was raised among the fish and salt, Guan Yiwu was raised among the scholars, Sun Shuao was raised in the sea, and Baili Xi was raised in the city.
Therefore, when Heaven is about to entrust a person with a great responsibility, he must first strain his mind and will, strain his muscles and bones, starve his body and skin, deplete his body, and mess up his actions. Therefore, tempting his heart and forbearance has benefited him. Can't.
People always make mistakes, and then they can change; they are stuck in the heart, and they are balanced by worries, and then they act; they are marked by color, they are expressed by sounds, and then they are metaphors. If you enter, you will be unable to control the people at home, if you leave, you will be invincible to foreign patients, and the country will be permanently destroyed.
Then I know that I was born in sorrow and died in happiness.
[Translation]
Shun was promoted from the fields, Fu Yue was promoted from building walls, Chiao Ke was promoted from selling fish and salt, Guan was promoted from Yiwu was promoted to the prime minister after being released from prison officials, Sun Shuao was promoted to the imperial court from the seaside, and Baili Xi was promoted to the prime minister from the market.
Therefore, when God is about to place a great responsibility on such a person, he must first make his heart suffer, make his muscles and bones tired, make him suffer from hunger, make his skin become thin, and make him suffer from poverty. , make what he does confusing and always unsatisfactory, and use them to make his heart alert, make his character firm, and increase the talents he does not possess.
People often make mistakes before they can correct them; they are troubled and blocked by thoughts before they can make a difference; all this is reflected in their faces and expressed in their words, and then they are understood by others. If there are no ministers who uphold the law and wise men who can assist the monarch in a country, and there are no hostile countries and foreign invasion abroad, it will often lead to destruction.
This can show that sorrow and suffering can make people survive, while ease and enjoyment can make people wither and die. 4. A complete classical Chinese article containing the philosophy of life
"Red Cliff Ode" Su Shi In the autumn of Renxu, in the seventh month, Su Zi and his guests were boating under Red Cliff.
The breeze is coming slowly, but the water is calm. Lifting wine belongs to (zhǔ) guests, reciting the poem of the bright moon, and singing the graceful chapter.
Shao (shǎo) Yan, the moon rises above the Dongshan Mountain, wandering between the fighting (dǒu) cattle. White dew flows across the river, and the water reaches the sky.
Even though a reed is like this, thousands of hectares are at a loss. The vastness is as if Feng Xu is riding the wind without knowing where it is going; the flutteringness is as if he is left alone in the world, becoming an immortal and ascending to immortality.
So they drank and enjoyed themselves very much, and sang along to the boat. The song says: "The osmanthus sticks and the orchid oars, hitting the sky to see the bright light, trace the flowing light; the dimness is in my arms, looking forward to the beauty in the sky."
There is a guest who plays the cave flute, and I sing along with it. Its voice is whining, like resentment and admiration, like weeping and complaining; the lingering sound is lingering, like a wisp, dancing in the secluded ravine, weeping like a concubine in a lonely boat.
Su Zi was stunned (qiǎo). He sat upright and asked the guest: "Why is it so?" The guest said: "'The moon and stars are sparse, and the black magpie flies south'. This is not a poem by Cao Mengde. Looking to the west of Xiakou and to the east of Wuchang, the mountains and rivers are close to each other and the sky is green. Isn't this what Meng De was trapped in by Zhou Lang? Fang Qi broke through Jingzhou, went down to Jiangling, and went eastward (zhú lú). Thousands of miles away, with flags covering the sky, drinking wine by the river, and writing poems across the river, I have been a hero for a lifetime. How can I be safe now? Kuang Wu and his son fished for woodcutters on the river, accompanied by fish and shrimps, and friends with elk, riding a small boat. , hold up the goblet to belong to each other. Send the mayfly to the sky and the earth, a drop in the vast sea, mourn for the brief moment of my life, envy the infiniteness of the Yangtze River.
Hold the flying fairy to fly, hold the bright moon until the end. "I don't know how to get it suddenly, but it echoes in the sad wind."
Su Zi said: "The guest also knows that the water and the moon are like this, but they are not gone; the empty ones are like that." , but don’t be afraid of waxing and waning. If you look at the changes in the general, you will see that the world cannot last a moment; if you look at the things that remain unchanged, then things and I will be infinite. How can we envy the world? Everything in between has its own owner. If it is not mine, even if you don’t take any of it, just the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains. The ears can hear it and see it as a sound, and the eyes can see it as a color. There is no restriction on taking it and using it. Inexhaustible.
This is the infinite treasure of the Creator, and it is the perfect place for me and my son." The guest smiled happily and drank more wine.
The core of the food is gone, and the cups and plates are in a mess. The couple and their pillows were spread out in the boat, unaware of the whiteness of the east. 5. Philosophical classical Chinese articles
Xunzi's "Encouraging Learning" The gentleman said: Learning cannot be stopped.
Green is derived from blue, and green is from blue; ice is derived from water, and is cold from water. The wood is straight and the rope is kneaded to form a wheel. Its curve is regular. Although it is rough and violent, it is no longer straight. [The car is soft] to make it so.
Therefore, if the wood is supported by the rope, it will be straight, and if the metal is supported by the gravel, it will be beneficial. A gentleman who is knowledgeable and examines himself day by day will know clearly and act without fault.
Therefore, if you don’t climb high mountains, you don’t know how high the sky is; if you don’t go to the depths [Xi Valley], you don’t know the depth of the earth; if you don’t listen to the last words of the former kings, you don’t know how great knowledge is. The sons of the Yue Yi raccoon dogs were born with the same voice, grew up and had different customs, and they were taught to do so.
The poem says: "You gentleman, you will never rest in peace. I am respectful to you, and you are so upright.
God listens to you, and you are blessed." God is not greater than transformation. As the saying goes, blessings are better than disasters.
I think about it all day long, but it is not as good as what I learned in just a moment. I taste the [foot branch] and look at it. It is not as good as climbing high to gain a broad view.
When you climb high and move, your arms are not lengthened, but the sight is far away. When you call along the wind, the sound is not accelerated, but the sound is loud and clear to those who hear it.
Those who pretend to be horses are not beneficial to their feet, but they can travel a thousand miles. Those who make fake boats can't swim, but can't run rivers.
A gentleman is born with nothing different in mind, and is good at things. There is a bird in the south called the Mongolian dove. It makes its nest with feathers braided in its hair and tied with reeds.
When the wind blows, the sweet potato will break and the eggs will break and the child will die. The nest is not endless, but it is tied to it.
There is a tree in the west called "Shegan" with a stem four inches long. It grows on a high mountain and is close to the abyss of Bai Ren. Wooden stems are not capable of growing, but what they stand on does.
The fluffy hemp will stand straight without support. 〖The white sand is black in nirvana.
〗The root of Sophora japonica is Zhi Zhi, and when it gradually becomes □ (different body "repair" plus three points of water), gentlemen will not get close to it, and common people will not accept it. Its quality is not unattractive, but it is so gradually.
Therefore, a gentleman must choose a hometown when he lives, and he must find scholars when traveling. Therefore, he should guard against evil and eccentricity and stay close to the middle and right. The origin of things must have a beginning.
When honor and disgrace come, they must be like their virtues. Insects appear in the rotting meat, and beetles appear in the fish.
Being negligent and forgetful of yourself will lead to disaster. Strength takes its own pillars, softness takes its own bundles.
The evil and filth in the body are caused by resentment. If the firewood is applied once, the fire will become dry.
If the ground is flat, the water will be wet. Plants and trees grow everywhere, birds and animals flock together, and everything follows its own kind.
This is the reason why the bows and arrows are stretched when the nature is stretched; the trees are lush and the axes are heavy; the trees are shaded and the birds are resting; the wine is sour and the gnats are gathered together. Therefore, words can bring disaster, and actions can bring disgrace. A gentleman should be careful about where he stands! The accumulated soil forms a mountain, and the wind and rain stir it up.
When the water accumulates, it forms a deep abyss, whereupon dragons emerge. Accumulate good deeds and become virtuous, and the gods will be satisfied and the holy heart will be ready.
Therefore, if you don’t accumulate steps, you can’t reach a thousand miles; if you don’t accumulate small streams, you can’t reach a river or sea. A horse can't take ten steps with one leap; a horse can drive ten times, but it's hard to give up the merit.
If you persevere, the rotten wood will not be broken; if you persevere, the gold and stone can be carved. Earthworms don't have sharp claws and teeth, nor strong muscles and bones. They feed on earth and drink from the underworld. They have the same intention.
A crab with six knees and two pincers, and a non-snake ("good" next to the insect) whose hole has no sustenance, is impatient. Therefore, those who do not have deep ambitions do not have clear enlightenment.
Those who do not have [忄 faint] [忄 faint] have no great achievements. Those who follow the road will not come, and those who serve the two kings will not tolerate it.
The eyes cannot see both ways, and the ears cannot hear both ways and understand. □ (In "Teng", "horse" is replaced with "worm") The snake has no legs and can fly, and the wu rat has five branches and is poor.
The poem says: "The corpse dove is in the mulberry, and its son is seven. A gentleman is a gentleman, and his manners are one.
His manners are one, and his heart is like a knot." Therefore, a gentleman is like a knot. Tie together.
In the past, when the gourd played the harp and the water flowed down, the fish came out to listen. When Boya played the harp, the six horses raised their heads. Therefore, the sound is not small but not heard, and the action is not hidden but invisible.
When jade is in the mountains, the grass and trees are moist; when pearls grow in the abyss, the cliffs are not withered. Do good deeds without accumulating evil? Is there anyone who doesn’t hear it? Is this the beginning of learning evil? The end of evil? He said: The numbering begins with chanting sutras and ends with reading rituals.
The meaning is that one begins as a scholar and ends up as a saint. If you really accumulate strength for a long time, you will progress, and if you learn nothing, you will stop.
Therefore, there is an end to learning numbers, and if it is true, it cannot be abandoned even for a moment. To do it is a human being; to leave it is a beast.
The old book is also the discipline of political affairs. Poet, where the sound stops.
Etiquette is the great division of law and the discipline of groups. Therefore, learning only ends with etiquette.
This is the ultimate morality. The etiquette is respectful and elegant, the music is harmonious, the poems and books are extensive, and the Spring and Autumn period are subtle. They are all between heaven and earth.
The learning of a gentleman enters the ears, the chopsticks touch the heart, spreads throughout the four bodies, and forms the shape of movement and stillness. To put it simply, creeping and moving can be regarded as a rule.
The learning of a villain enters the ears and exits the mouth. The distance between the mouth and the ears is four inches, which is enough to beautify a seven-foot body! Scholars in ancient times were for themselves, but scholars today are for others. A gentleman's learning is to beautify his body.
The learning of a villain is like a pig. Therefore, if you don't ask, you will be told that you are proud; if you ask one question, you will be told two and it will be called [praise by mouth].
Pride is wrong; [praise] is wrong; a gentleman is like Xiang. If you don't learn from others, then you will get close to them.
The rituals, music, and methods are not explained, the poems and books are not clear, and the Spring and Autumn Period are simple but not fast. If the people's habits and teachings of the gentleman are followed, they will be respected and spread throughout the world.
Therefore, it is said: If you don’t learn, don’t approach others. The best way to learn the classics is to be good to others, and the second best thing is to make great gifts.
Then in the last days and in the poor years, one will inevitably become a crude scholar. The original king was benevolent and righteous, so he was polite and corrected his longitude, latitude and path.
If you pull out the fur collar and pause with five fingers, there are countless people who will obey. If you don't follow the rules of etiquette and use poems and books to do it, it's just like measuring a river with your finger, pounding millet with a spear, or cooking a pot with a cone.
Therefore, if the ritual is not clearly understood, it is a Dharma scholar; if it is not ritual, although it is a matter of investigation and debate, it is a Confucian scholar. If you ask about suffering, don't complain.
Don’t ask those who complain. Don't listen to those who talk about suffering.
Don’t argue with those who are ambitious. Therefore, you must arrive at the path and then pick it up; if it is not the path, avoid it.
Therefore, courtesy and respect can then be related to the direction of the speech; smooth diction can be related to the principle of the speech; color can be followed, and then it can be related to the speech. Therefore, it cannot be said to be proud in words, it can be said to be hidden in words and not to look at one's complexion, and it can be said to be blind.
Therefore, a gentleman is neither arrogant nor hidden nor blind, but obeys his own rules. The poem says: "The bandit makes love, the bandits relax, it is given by the emperor."
This is what it is called. Missing one out of a hundred shots is not a good shot.
It is not a good control to be able to travel a thousand miles without even taking one step. If ethics are inconsistent and benevolence and righteousness are inconsistent, it cannot be called good learning.
Those who learn from it should stick to it. As soon as you come out, you come in, and you are a person in the alley.
There are few good people and many bad people, just like Jie, Zhou and others. If you do everything, then you will be a scholar.
A gentleman knows that incompleteness and purity are not enough to be beautiful, so he should recite it several times to understand it, think about it to understand it, deal with it for others, and maintain it to eliminate its harm. Make your eyes have no desire to see what is not right, make your ears have no desire to hear anything not right, make your mouth have no desire to speak anything not right, and make your heart have no desire to think about anything not right.
When it comes to good things, the five colors that are good for the eyes, the five sounds that are good for the ears, the five tastes that are good for the mouth, and the good mind are all over the world. Therefore, power cannot be dumped, the masses cannot be moved, and the world cannot be shaken.
Life depends on this, and death depends on it. This is called moral conduct. Morality can then be determined.
Be able to calm down and then be able to respond. Can determine energy.