I think you may have made a typo, it should be Chen Baisha, referring to the Ming Dynasty scholar Chen Xianzhang.

Chen Xianzhang

Chen Xianzhang (1428-1500) was a thinker, educator, calligrapher and poet in the Ming Dynasty. He was the only Ming Dynasty Confucian scholar in Guangdong who worshiped Confucius Temple. He advocated the importance of learning and knowing doubts. , independent thinking, advocating a relatively free and open style of study, and gradually formed a school with its own characteristics, known as the Jiangmen School in history. His courtesy name is Gongfu, his nickname is Shizhai, and his nicknames include Old Man Biyu, Jushi Jade, Jiangmen Fisherman, Woodcutter of Nanhai, Old Man Huangyun, etc. Because he once lived in Baisha Village, he is known as Mr. Baisha. A native of Xinhui District, Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province, he went to the Ministry of Rites twice in the 12th year of Zhengtong. He taught Confucianism at Wu Yubi, and returned half a year later. He lived in Baishali, built a sun terrace, studied and meditated, and did not leave home for several years. He went to Beijing and went to the Imperial College Xing Rang was shocked by the return of the true Confucian during the 19th year of the Qing Dynasty. In the 19th year of Chenghua's reign, he was awarded the imperial examination and finally returned home through begging. His works were later compiled into "The Complete Works of Baisha".

Seated statue of Mr. Baisha, painted by Ming Dynasty, collected by Guangdong Provincial Museum

Brief introduction

Chen Xianzhang was born on October 21, the third year of Xuande, Xuanzong of Ming Dynasty (i.e. November 27, 1428 AD), died on the tenth day of February in the twelfth year of Hongzhi reign of Emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty (i.e. March 9, 1500 AD) at the age of seventy-three. His life was full of ups and downs and instability. He had several imperial examinations. If you don't succeed, you will be educated but your career will be hopeless. The era in which he lived was the historical development process from the early Ming Dynasty to the middle Ming Dynasty. He spent most of his life in the social turmoil such as Wang Zhen's power, the Tumu Revolution, and the restoration of the Yingzong. At that time, the commodity economy had developed, injecting new development opportunities into feudal society. However, during this period, the academic atmosphere was also dull. Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism since the Song Dynasty had occupied the dominant position in ideology, and the ideological world was like a pool of stagnant water. . The creation of Chen Xianzhang's ideological theory broke the original theoretical pattern of Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism and ushered in a new stage of scholarship in the Ming Dynasty.

Loss of parents and filial mother

Chen Xianzhang is a native of the urban village of Xinhui, Guangdong. When he was young, he moved with his grandfather to the foot of Xiaolu Mountain in Baisha Township, so later generations respectfully called him "Mr. Baisha". Chen Xianzhang was born in a well-off family. His grandfather's name was Yongsheng, also known as Weichuan. He was "not aware of worldly affairs, but he liked to read Lao's books." His father's name was Cong, also known as Leyun Jushi. He was good at reciting poems and composing poems, and enjoyed living in seclusion. He died young at the age of 27. The mother, Lin, lost her husband at the age of 24. After giving birth to a posthumous son, Chen Xianzhang, she raised the orphan, took care of the family, and observed integrity throughout her life. When Xianzhang was young, he was frail and sickly. He claimed that "he never got sick at any age, and until he was nine years old, he would feed him with his breasts." The special family environment made Chen Xianzhang particularly filial to his mother. "It is not the benevolence of the mother [2], but the ministers have been in the trenches for a long time. I was born fifty-six years ago, and my mother was seventy-nine, and she regarded my decline as if I was an infant. Although the love between mothers and children in the world is the same, there is no such thing as the mother's concern for the minister. "I miss you so much." "I worry about my mother more and more, and the more I get sick, the more worried I become. The worry and illness are still there, and it is difficult to deal with them for a long time." The energy has declined, and the intention is to do something but the power is not enough. Although I want to be effective at the end of the day, how can I have any measures?" ("Qi Zhong Yang Shu")

Study hard in the early years

Chen Xianzhang was alert and alert at a young age, he could read everything at once, and he was diligent and eager to learn. At the age of 19, he took the Guangdong Provincial Examination and won the ninth place in the examination. At the age of 21, he took the examination of the Ministry of Etiquette, passed the examination, and entered the Imperial Academy (the highest national institution of education established in ancient China). )read. Later, although he went to Beijing to participate in the joint examination twice and failed, Chen Xianzhang remained persistent in pursuing knowledge. When he was 27 years old, he heard that there was a famous scholar named Mr. Kang Zhai (formerly known as Wu Yubi) in Linchuan County, Fuzhou. He had very profound academic attainments. After thoroughly reading "Yiluozhou Yuanlu" edited by Zhu Xi, he also mastered it. Study the origins of Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties, understand the ways of saints, and review the biographies of Confucius and Mencius. In order to visit famous teachers, Chen Baisha was not afraid of traveling long distances, crossed the Geng Mountains, passed Meiguan, and arrived in Ganzhou (today's Jiangxi Province). He first went up the Gan River, passed through the Jishui River to the Qingjiang River, landed on the shore, and then came to Chongren County by land. Finally, he found Mr. Wu Yubi who had given up his official career and preferred to give lectures at home. ?Wu Yubi is very strict in his studies. He requires students to be attentive and consistent in their learning attitude and not to be distracted. They must concentrate their thoughts, cultivate themselves in silence, and reflect when they are active, so as to make their hearts clear and clear.

Chen Xianzhang was very inspired by the meeting and benefited a lot. However, Chen Baisha was not satisfied with Wu Yubi's analysis of the "Book of Changes". The next year, he bid farewell to Mr. Wu and returned to Baisha Village, Jiangmen. He built a large-scale bookstore in the south of the foothills of Xiaolu Mountain and named it "Spring Terrace". From then on, Chen Baisha lived in seclusion and concentrated on studying without leaving home. In order to reduce the disturbance to him, the family dug a hole in the wall, through which food, food and clothing were put.

Baisha Village faces Pengjiang River and is backed by Xiaolu Mountain. In front of the village and behind the village, green sunflowers and bamboos sway in the wind, creating a beautiful scenery. There is a Tiansha River outside the village. There is a lot of crystal white sand in the river, hence the name Baisha Village. Chen Xianzhang lived in seclusion on the Spring Terrace, studying classics and exploring the philosophies of his ancestors. As cold came and went, summer passed, autumn passed and spring came, exactly as it happened: wild birds flying outside the window were silent, and butterflies returning in spring were unknown; cicadas chirped in the wind into summer, and the moon shadow slanted in winter. Before I knew it, ten years had passed.

Xinhui Ciyuan Temple Monument

Teaching in the library

After ten years of hard study, Chen Xianzhang sat in meditation, abandoned the complex and kept the conventions, and grasped the consistency between heart and reason. The key is knowledge and cultivation to achieve rapid progress. In the spring of 1465 (the first year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty), Chen Xianzhang decided to set up a teaching hall in Chunyang. The news spread, including villages nearby and neighboring towns far away. Students came here because of the news, and its doors were like a market. Baisha Village suddenly became lively.

Chen Xianzhang’s teaching methods are unique: 1. Sit quietly first, then read; 2. Learn more by yourself and less indoctrination; 3. Think diligently and get the essence; 4. Focus on questions and seek true knowledge; 5. , poetry introduces teachings, and philosophy enters poetry. After school started, the vast majority of students studied diligently, but there were also some who were contaminated with drunkenness, dissoluteness and laziness. Chen Xianzhang compiled several poems such as "Song of Quitting Sex", "Song of Quitting Opera" and "Wen of Quitting Lazyness" for them. Students recite it as a motto.

"Song of Recovery" says:

In this world, flowers and wine always come first, but flowers and wine are a waste of money. Drunk and rampant, you still have to wake up, and you are confused and confused.

Fish swallow the bait and throw themselves into the river bank; butterflies go to wild rivers in search of flowers. I would like to send a message to all the disciples in Jiangmen: Don’t be greedy for flowers and wine and mislead young people.

"Jie Opera Song" says:

The gongs and drums are noisy in the sky, and the men are pretending to be women's heads. Young people are prone to aging, so happiness can easily turn into sadness.

The title on the gold list is empty of wealth, and the flowers and candles in the wedding room are fake. It is important to know that time is like passing by, so don’t take it easy to wander around.

"Jie Lazy Article" says:

The great Shun was a good rooster, and the Duke of Zhou stopped eating three times. Zhongni stays up all night thinking about it, and the sages are just diligent in their work.

In the past, I heard that there was Kuang Heng in the wall, and I also heard that Che Yin could carry fireflies. Han Yu burned the anointing of Sun Yingxue, but no lazy person left his name.

Cats are lazy and mice will not leave, dogs are lazy and robbers are not suspicious. If you look closely at everything in the universe, only the word laziness is the most harmful.

Disciples, listen to this instruction:

Don’t be lazy when the sun is rising and the moon is rising. Raise your pen and write an article from the beginning, and post it to the right of your seat as a warning.

In order to teach students to attach importance to the combination of study and labor production, he composed another ballad:

On February 8, Jiangmen Wei, he bought both hoes and books. The fields can be cultivated and the books can be read, and the man is half farmer and half Confucian.

These poems are rich in content, literary grace, easy to understand, and catchy. Not only students are deeply benefited, but also the masses are also eager to recite them.

The White Sand Lecture Pavilion at Guifeng Mountain in Xinhui

Entering an official position and seeking retirement

In 1466, Chen Xianzhang received a letter from Qian Pu of Shunde County, advising him to take advantage of his new appointment. The emperor resumed rituals and teachings, straightened out the dynasty, obtained meritorious service, and served the country. So he decided to go to the capital again and visit Taixue again. Chen Xianzhang was 38 years old at the time. The official in charge of the Imperial College was Jijiu Xingrang. He originally participated in the Wuchen (1448) scientific examination together with Chen Xianzhang. Chen Baisha passed the Fuchen examination (equal to preparing to be admitted as a student). Offer wine to the Imperial College. Xing Rang intended to test Chen Xianzhang's knowledge and asked him to compose a poem "He Yanggui Mountain will no longer be able to rhyme today". Yang Guishan is Yang Shi, a scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was a Jinshi and was worshiped as a bachelor of Longtuge. He is very knowledgeable and has written a series of poems entitled "This Day Will Never Come Again", which is famous far and wide.

Chen Xianzhang concentrated on meditation, and after a while, he finished it. After the poem was completed, a group of aspiring civil servants and scholars in the court marveled at it and rushed to pass it on and recite it. Xing Rang praised Chen Xianzhang as the comeback of a true Confucian, and recommended Chen Xianzhang to Wei Ao, the Minister of Civil Affairs, to become a minister in the ministry. Later, Chen Xianzhang did receive an official order to take up his post, but he was a low-level official in the Civil Affairs Bureau who held documents, copied them, checked them, and delivered them all day long.

Chen Xianzhang was an upright person. Because he disdained to curry favor with the powerful figures in the court, he offended Yin Hao, who was then the Minister of Rites, and was plotted and framed by powerful ministers. Upright officials have unlimited sympathy and protection for Chen Baisha. Four years later, Chen Xianzhang was 42 years old and took the examination again. However, he failed because of the treacherous minister's manipulation of power. Chen Xianzhang decided to return south. Chen Xianzhang's former residence

Learning and educating people

Chen Xianzhang returned to Xinhui, where he wrote letters and poems with his mother, wife, children, and brother to talk about the happiness of his family. From then on, Chen Xianzhang devoted himself to studying philosophy and revitalizing the religious world. At this time, Chen Xianzhang's reputation spread far and wide, and scholars from all over the world came to ask to be regarded as disciples and enroll in school to receive education. Chen Xianzhang taught for more than ten years. Many students benefited from his teachings and became pillars of the imperial court, and the "Lingnan School" was also formed.

In 1483 (the 19th year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty), Chen Xianzhang was 55 years old. Because he was recommended by Zhu Ying, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, and Peng Shao, the governor of Guangdong, he wanted to go to Beijing to answer the imperial edict and contribute to the imperial court. After half a journey, we arrived in Beijing. At that time, Yin Hao, a powerful minister who had conflicts with Chen Xianzhang in the past and had been promoted to Minister of Civil Affairs, still harbored hatred and was domineering. Chen Xianzhang had no choice but to claim illness and asked for an extension to respond to the imperial edict. Finally, he wrote a "Begging for Self-cultivation" to Emperor Xianzong, asking for permission to go home to serve his old and chronically ill mother. The emperor was moved by the article "Qixiu Yangshu" and felt that Chen Xianzhang was not only knowledgeable but also filial and righteous. He allowed him to return to his adoptive mother and gave him the official title of "Hanlin Academy Review".

Chen Xianzhang was poor all his life. Deng Tingzhuan, the censor of the capital, once ordered Panyu County to send one stone of rice every month. He refused, saying that he "had two hectares of land, which was enough for farming." There was also an envoy who spent huge sums of money to buy a garden and mansion as a gift to him, but he declined politely. From then on, Chen Xianzhang lived in seclusion, served his mother, continued to give lectures, and trained many talents. Later, Zhan Ruoshui, an important minister who also held the posts of Minister of Rites, Officials, and Military Affairs, and Liang Chu, a famous minister who was honored as a scholar of Wenhua Pavilion University and presented as Grand Master, were all his disciples. Other disciples include Li Chengji, Lin Jixi, Zhang Tingshi, He Qin, Chen Maolie, Rong Yizhi, Luo Fuzhou, Pan Han, Ye Hong, Xie You, Lin Tingying, etc.

Chen Xianzhang was tireless in teaching. In addition to teaching classics, history, literature and other courses, he strived to innovate and be practical. In his spare time, he often practiced horseback riding and archery with his students in the wilderness. Chen Xianzhang is good at poetry, calligraphy, and plum painting. He was a famous poet in the Ming Dynasty, with 1977 poems of various genres preserved. His poems are of high style. From his poetry creation, it can be proved that Chen Xianzhang is a famous scholar who is good at using "poetry". His poems and writings were compiled into "The Complete Works of Bai Shasha" by his students and published for generations to come. Chen Xianzhang's calligraphy is unique. He used to write with his homemade "Maolong" pen. The Maolong pen is made of strong thatch that grows from Guifeng Mountain in Xinhui. The font is vigorous and powerful, with a unique style.

Self-written poems

Cursive script poems about growing castor oil

Posthumous honors

1500 (the thirteenth year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty) , Chen Xianzhang died of illness in his hometown at the age of 72, with the posthumous title "Wen Gong". In 1574 (the second year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), the imperial court issued an edict to build a family ancestral hall in Baisha Township, and granted it a couplet and a memorial portrait. The forehead is called "Chongzhengtang", and the couplet says: "Taoism has been taught by Confucius and Mencius for three thousand years, and Shao, Cheng and Zhu were the first to learn from it." In 1585 (the thirteenth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), the emperor also ordered Zhun to worship Confucius in the temple. There was "a man from Lingnan" "The greatest Confucian in Guangdong".

Chen Xianzhang has many relics in Jiangmen. In addition to the "Chu Yuntai", "Chuntang Terrace", "Lushan Academy", "Jiahui Tower", etc., which have long been lost, there are still "White Sand Temple", " "Jasper Tower", "Chastity Monument", etc. are all Ming Dynasty buildings. Among them, the Chastity Arch is designated as a "key cultural relic protection unit in Guangdong Province". In addition, there are memorial buildings such as "Diaotai Former Site" and "Baisha Park".

Statue of Chen Xianzhang

According to ancient books

Volume 4 of "Notes on South Vietnam"

Chen Xianzhang was named Gongfu and was a native of Xinhui. The ninth one recommended by the orthodox countrymen, the two went to the spring official. I went to Linzhou to pay a visit to Wu and Bi, and got some insights. Bigui became famous. At that time, Qian Pu was relegated to Shunde. When he saw him, he knew that he was a mellow and scholarly scholar. He valued his elegance and encouraged him to pursue his career. When he was in Chengdu, he offered wine to Xing Rangming and Yang Guishan's poem "This Day I'll Never Get Again". After reading it, he exclaimed: "The police agility is unparalleled, and he is better than blue." He passed it on to the public. Returning to the south, more and more people are studying. So everyone in the world knows that there is Chen Baisha. Recommended by officials many times, he was encouraged to go to Beijing. Because his mother was old and ill, he was given an imperial edict to teach him to be inspected by the Hanlin Academy. Such as He Qinzhi of Liaodong, Li Chengji of Jiayu, Zhang Xu of Panyu, Zhan Ruoshui of Zengcheng, and Lin Guang of Dongguan all showed the influence of Jiangmen. His poems are named after his family, and his calligraphy is from the Jin and Tang Dynasties. In the evening, I was happy to write a book written by Yuan, which is highly treasured in the world. According to "Tongzhi", Lufu Jingshe is located on Nanxiaolu Mountain in Xinhui County, two miles away from Jiangmen. Chen Xianzhang built the name of Baisha Village. [3]

Biographies of "History of the Ming Dynasty"

Chen Xianzhang, courtesy name Gongfu, was born in Xinhui. He took the orthodox provincial examination for the twelfth year and then went to the Ministry of Rites, but failed. Lectures from Wu Yubi. After returning home after half a year, he studied hard day and night. Build a Yangchun Terrace and sit quietly there, without leaving any outdoor space for several years. After a long time, he returned to Taixue. Xing Rangshi and Yang Shi wrote a poem titled "This Day I'll Never Get Again" while offering wine, and exclaimed: "Guishan is not as good as Guishan." He threatened to go to court, thinking that the true Confucianism was back. Because of this, he became famous in the capital. During the incident, He Qin listened to his comments and immediately resisted and dismissed his official duties, and performed the rituals and seals for his disciples. After the chapter was returned, scholars from all over came to visit. Guangdong Chief Envoy Peng Shao and Governor Zhu Ying recommended him. When he was summoned to the capital, he was ordered to test the official department. After repeated resignation

he refused to go away due to illness, and eventually begged for support. He was sent to the Hanlin Academy for review and returned. When he arrived in Nan'an, Zhang Bi, the prefect, suspected that he was worshiping an official, which was different from Yu Bi. He said to him: "Mr. Wu was recommended by Shi Heng as a commoner, so he refused to take the post and asked to be a secretary, hoping to enlighten the Lord. The prime minister didn't understand, and ordered him to take office first and then watch the book. He was very cruel and wanted to do it. I'm determined to go. I'm going to give you a chance to be elected as a member of the imperial family. How dare I make false claims to get a false reputation?"

The study of presenting chapters focuses on tranquility. Those who teach only need to sit upright, clear their minds, and develop clues in silence. Or persuaded to write, but did not respond. He said to himself: "When I was twenty-seven years old, I began to learn from Wu Pinjun. I learned about everything in the ancient sages' books, but I didn't know where to start. Bigui Baisha, I was looking for ways to use strength, but I couldn't find anything. So I gave up my troubles and made an appointment, and sat quietly for a long time, and then I saw that the body of my heart was revealed, and I could do whatever I wanted in daily life, just like the master of a horse." His learning is unique, and commentators say that he has the joy of flying kites and leaping fish. And Jiang Lin of Lanxi even thought that he was "living Mencius".

Xianzhang Yiqian Xiuwei has seven sunspots on his right cheek. On the twenty-fourth day of the mother's year, she observes the festival and presents the chapter as the most filial piety. The mother has thoughts, and her heart is often moved, so she will return home. He died in the thirteenth year of Hongzhi at the age of seventy-three. At the beginning of Wanli Dynasty, he worshiped Confucius Temple and gave his posthumous title to Wengong.

Disciple Li Chengji, courtesy name Shiqing, was born in Jiayu. In the 22nd year of Chenghua, the provincial examination was held. I went to present my chapter to my teacher, and on the day I presented it, I climbed and waded through the mountains and rivers, threw pots and composed poems, and even though I discussed ancient and modern events, I could not find a single word of truth. After a long time, Cheng Ji realized something, resigned and returned home, living in seclusion in Huanggong Mountain and no longer serving as an official. He and his brother Jinshi Chengfang were both eager to learn and were called Jiayu Erli. He died at the age of fifty-four.

"External Records of Yaoshan Hall"

Chen Xianzhang, courtesy name Gongfu, lived in Baisha Village, Xinhui County, Guangzhou. He was known to the world as Mr. Baisha, and even children and women were known as Chen Daotong. . When I was playing the stone harp in my dream, I saw a great man and said with a smile: "Among the eight tones, only the sound of stone is difficult to harmonize. If I can harmonize it now, I will achieve enlightenment one day!" Because of his nickname Shi Zhai, he changed his name to Shi Weng when he got older. 〕

Chen Baisha took the first examination of Chenghua. Although he had a heavy reputation, he still chose the right time and competed for novelty. As for the question "The old are safe, the friends believe, the young are pregnant", he said: "Every thing has its own, and the saints wait for their own." Wait." The messenger fell down.

When Chen Baisha went downstairs, a god saw him in a dream and said: "Mr. Chen's book is for a certain person." When he was impeached, he was suspected of being out of Baisha, so he hated him very much, and said: "He wears a scholar's turban. If he is so attractive, what should he do if he escapes from the main road?" It was revealed that the editor Li Dongyang was the same examiner and was in charge of the "Shu Jing" room. , The rope has fallen into the scroll, but it cannot be obtained. I want to write a chapter and impeach myself, but I hope to find out the root cause, but to no avail.

In the third month of the Gengshen period of Hongzhi, Baisha was seriously ill. A few days ago, he wore court clothes and crowns. He ordered his disciples to help him burn incense. He bowed five times and kowtowed three times to the north, saying: "I bid farewell to my king." A poem goes: "I asked the immortal to be slandered in the end, but I asked the Buddha to practice more. I sailed on the boat in the clear moon, and listened to the song of the white jade tower." He said: "I live in troubled times." On the day of his death, white air came out of his head, and it was like steam. The day is resting.

Famous Quotes

1. Learning is valuable and knowing doubts, big doubts lead to great progress; small doubts lead to small progress. If you are in doubt and can ask, you have already gained half of the knowledge.

Translation: The value of learning lies in knowing that when you have questions, you should ask. Big questions will lead to big progress, and small questions will lead to small progress. Asking questions when in doubt is already half of the knowledge gained.

2. Doubts are the opportunity for enlightenment. If you know it is suspicious and think about it, your enlightenment will not be far away. If a disciple thinks he knows, he will remain silent, which is of great use.

Translation: Doubt is an opportunity for enlightenment. If you know something is suspicious and want to ask, then the time of enlightenment is not far away. If you just think you know it and stop, you will not get any benefit.

Main works

1. "Proceedings of the Academic Symposium on Chen Baisha and the Jiangmen School", Jiangmen Wuyi Yanhuang Culture Research Association, China Federation of Literary and Art Circles Press, November 2001.

2. "Baisha Mind and Taoist Thought", Zhang Yunhua, Guangzhou Publishing House, October 2004.

3. "Chen Baisha, a Great Confucian in the Ming Dynasty", Cao Taiyi, Guangdong People's Publishing House, October 2004.

4. "Guangdong Great Confucian Chen Baisha", Chen Zhanbiao, Huacheng Publishing House, August 1993.

5. "Chen Baisha's Poetry and Prose Notes", Jiangmen CPPCC Literature and History Study Committee, 2003.

6. "White Sand Picking Green", Ou E, China Overseas Chinese Publishing House, September 1997.

7. "Selected Poems of Chen Baisha", Guan Buxun, Guangdong People's Publishing House, March 1994.

8. "Chen Xianzhang, the Master of Mind Learning in the Ming Dynasty", Huang Mingtong, Guangdong People's Publishing House, July 2005.

9. "Lingnan Confucian Mr. Chen Baisha - Baisha Neo-Confucianism and Jiangmen School", Zhang Danian, Drinking Water Library, April 1998.

10. "Collection of Research Papers on Chen Baisha", Zhang Jiguang, Liu Xingbang, Zhang Yunhua, Hunan University Press, October 2001.

11. "Research on Chen Baisha's Philosophical Thoughts", Zhang Pei, Guangdong People's Publishing House, June 1984.

12. "Chen Baisha's Poems and Notes", Chen Qisi, Guangdong People's Publishing House, May 1998.

13. "Collection of Chen Xian Zhangs" (Part 1 and 2), edited by Sun Tonghai, Zhonghua Book Company, January 1987.

14. "Critical Biography of Chen Xianzhang", Huang Mingtong, Nanjing University Press, 1998.

15. "Examination of the Value of Chen Baisha's Psychology", Liu Xingbang, Hunan Normal University Press, 1999.

16. "Manuscript of Chen Baisha's Poetics", Zhang Jiguang, Yuelu Publishing House, 1999.

17. "New Theory of Chen Baisha", Yang Shuxing and Wang Weixiong, Huacheng Publishing House, 1995.

18. "The Search for Mind: Chen Pai-sha, Philosoper-Poet", Pau1Jiang, Singapore University Press

19. "Baisha Academic Journal" Volumes 1-4, Baisha Cultural and Educational Foundation, 1963 ~ 1967.

20. "Baisha Mind" Liu Xingbang, Social Sciences Literature Press, 2012

Poetry Works

Chen Xianzhang's poems are elegant and simple, and he uses poetry to To educate his disciples, he also used poetry to spread his academic thoughts. He had no writings, and his thoughts were all hidden in poetry. He expressed those abstract principles in poetry and used poetry as a teaching. His poems also reflect the moral sentiments of academic thoughts and convey the truth through poetry. Chen Xianzhang believed that "elegance and health should come first in poetry writing" and vulgarity and cowardice should be avoided.

While taking elegance and health as the first principle, we also advocate "plainness", that is, no deliberate embellishment, carving, or mystery. Director Liang Bingyao recited a poem by Chen Xianzhang: "On the 258th, at Jiangmen Market, I bought both a hoe and a poem. The hoe can be used for plowing and the poem can be read. I am half farmer and half Confucian." The poem describes his work in the market. Scenes from daily life, this poem is widely circulated among the people in Jiangmen. In the past, it was often used as a reading material for primary school students in the classroom.

Inscribed on orchids

The grass on the cliff is withered, and the orchids bring more business. A gentleman lives in a dangerous place, which is why he is different from ordinary people.

Occasionally, I got to show two poems to Zhusheng

I can reach the ninth level with flat ground skills. I wonder which master can do it? I couldn't find any news from other places, so I went to ask Monk Dai Li of Songshan Mountain.

The clouds on the river are about to change into the colors of autumn, and the rain on the river is the first of ten days of autumn. On a cool night, I rowed my boat on a raincoat, covered with bright moon and flowing river.

Leave friends behind and go to summon you when the time comes

I have no clothes for a cart full of pine flowers, my hair is hanging down and my teeth are sparse. It is not about the path of no virtuous people in the Holy Age, but the breeze of self-love lies in the red kitchen.

Sometimes I meet someone selling my wife on the road. Who in their eyes calls me not my husband? He had to resort to idle measures at that time, but he didn't write a book about Qingshan.

Choose one for the New Year's Day test

When the sky is full of wind and clouds celebrating, the temples and temples are fighting for the legacy. Next to the wall, people are playing wine to entertain the guests, and children are singing together to celebrate the New Year.

As we age, new years come again, and with the coming of spring, there are even more beautiful flowers. Where is the evening breeze, the flute from Jianglou is blowing until the moon rises in the east sky.

Extended reading:

Li Tiaoyuan? "South Vietnam Notes" Volume 4: /archive.php?aid-14748.html