[Edit this paragraph] Poems

Reflections on reading books (Part 1)

Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty

Half an acre of square pond The mirror is open,

The skylight and cloud shadows are lingering.

Ask where the canal is so clear?

Because there is a source of living water.

[Edit this paragraph] Comments

This poem is inspiring and timeless. The half-acre pond is like a mirror, reflecting the flashing skylight and cloud shadows. I wonder why this pond is so clear? It turns out that there is living water constantly flowing from the source! The meaning of the poem is very profound. It uses the source of living water as a metaphor for learning. Only by constantly absorbing new knowledge can we make rapid progress.

[Edit this paragraph] Appreciation

(Part 1) This is a philosophical poem. After reading, people often feel a sudden enlightenment. The poem uses symbolic techniques to turn this inner feeling into tangible and tangible actions to describe it, allowing readers to appreciate the mystery on their own. The so-called "living water from the source" should refer to the continuous acquisition of new knowledge from books. "Looking at the Book and Feeling" is a famous poem written by Zhu Xi, a scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty. I will copy it and analyze and appreciate it with everyone. I hope it can inspire and encourage young friends who have no interest in learning, do not read books or read newspapers, and only know how to have fun. Four lines of the original poem: "Half an acre of square pond is open, and the skylight and cloud shadows are lingering; I ask the canal how clear it is? For there is a source of living water." It actually writes a bright and fresh pastoral scenery, repeatedly After reading it a few times, you will find yourself loving it more and more! You see, a small square pond of half an acre is like an unfolding mirror in Zhu Xi's painting (once opened). It is so peaceful and elegant that people immediately spread the wings of their imagination.

The second sentence arouses readers' imagination. This "mirror" reflects the shadows of clouds lingering in the sky. How quiet and lovely the clear water is! The author raises a question in the third sentence, why is the water so clear? He happily asked himself, because the source is always replenished with living water, and it keeps flowing down. This beautiful picture of natural scenery has already made people feel fresh and bright after reading it. What makes people even more amazed is that when they look at the title, it is the feeling of reading the book. The beautiful artistic conception is sublimated immediately, and the technique of expressing the ambition is used to express the object. Integrate living water with reading. It turns out that the great scholar Zhu Xi was praising reading for understanding, and the joy, clarity, and liveliness he felt in his mind were narrated by the reflection of ponds and cloud shadows. Why is his mind so clear? Because there is always new knowledge in books like living water, constantly replenishing it for him! A little poem by the great genius Zhu Xi has given us a lot of inspiration. Reading more good books will make your mind always lively, full of ideas, and elegant!

(Second) This is also a poem that uses images to reason. It takes rafting as an example to allow readers to experience the principles related to learning. The poem says that in the past, the boat was large and the water was shallow, and everyone tried to push the boat in vain. But when the spring water surged, even the giant boat was as light as a feather, floating freely in the water. The poem highlights the importance of spring water, emphasizing that learning requires hard work to make breakthroughs. This poem was probably written by the author after he was thinking hard about a certain issue and suddenly gained some insights after studying.

[Edit this paragraph] About the author

Zhu Xi (xī) (1130-1200) was a Neo-Confucian in the Southern Song Dynasty in China. The character name is Hui, and the name is Hui'an. Nicknamed Ziyang, his ancestral home is Wuyuan, Huizhou (now part of Jiangxi). His father, Zhu Song, was a lieutenant in Zhenghe County, Fujian during the Xuanhe period of the Song Dynasty, and later lived in Fujian. Zhu Xi was born in Youxi, Fujian. He lost his father at the age of 14 and settled with his mother in Wulifu, Chongan (now Wuyishan City, Fujian). He became a Jinshi in the 18th year of Shaoxing (1148), and served in the four dynasties of Gaozong, Xiaozong, Guangzong and Ningzong. He once served as the magistrate of Nankang, and was appointed to the official affairs of Jiangxi Prison and the compilation of secret pavilions. Later, he was recommended by Zhao Ruyu and promoted to the position of minister and lecturer of Huanzhang Pavilion. In the third year of Qingli (1197), Han Yuzhou was in power and excluded Zhao Ruyu. Zhu Xi was also dismissed from his post and returned home. He died of illness in the sixth year of Qingyuan. In the second year of Jiading (1209), he was given the posthumous title of Wen by imperial edict, and was given as a gift to a senior official, especially to the bachelor of Baomo Pavilion. In the third year of Emperor Lizong's Baoqing reign (1227), he presented it to the Grand Master, followed a letter to the Duke of Hui, and changed it to the Duke of Hui.

The master of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty inherited the Neo-Confucianism of Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi in the Northern Song Dynasty and completed the system of objective idealism. He believes that reason is the essence of the world, "reason comes first, Qi comes after", and proposes "preserving natural principles and destroying human desires". He is knowledgeable and has researched Confucian classics, history, literature, music and even natural science. The language of his lyrics is elegant, the style is handsome, and there is no excess or allusion. It can be seen that the wording in many works has been considered and considered carefully. However, the artistic conception of his poems is somewhat more rational than perceptual. This is because he pays attention to the philosophical thought of Neo-Confucianism. His representative works include "Bodhisattva Man" (1), "Shui Tiao Ge Tou" (1), "Nan Xiangzi", "Recalling Qin E" (2), etc. Among them, "Bodhisattva Man" (1) is the most distinctive. The word uses palindrome, and every two sentences are inverted. There are eight sentences and four pairs. It is very natural and harmonious, not far-fetched, and has quite artistic conception and exquisite conception. Extremely good, which shows Hui'an's ability to control language. In addition to lyrics, he is also good at composing poems. "Spring Day" and "Reflections on Reading Books" are his most popular poems. The summary of his poems is "Hui'an Ci".

[Edit this paragraph] Introduction

Notes ①Fangtang: Also known as Banmu Pond, it is located in the Zheng Yizhai Hall (later Nanxi Academy) in the south of Youxi City, Fujian. Zhu Xi's father Song had a good relationship with Zheng, so there is a poem in "Die Lian Hua· Drunken Stay in Zheng's Villa" that goes: "At dawn, the square pond opens up. The catkins are falling like flying, and they are willing to stand in the spring breeze." Mirror: Mirror. The ancients used copper as a frame, wrapped it with a mirror bag, and opened it when in use. ②This sentence means that the light of the sky and the shadow of the clouds are reflected in the pond water, constantly changing, just like people wandering. ③Qu: He refers to Fangtang. No way, how could it be? Such as: like this. ④ Meng Chong: Warship. A feather is as light as a feather.

Comments Some people think that poetry is the product of image thinking, so it is only suitable for describing scenes and expressing emotions but not for reasoning. This makes some sense, but it cannot be made absolute. Because reason can be expressed through visual means, it is as attractive as scenery and emotion. At the same time, the speculative nature of reason itself is often very fascinating. (Meicheng's "Qifa" proves this point.) Therefore, there is no shortage of successful philosophical poems in ancient and modern poetry. Zhu Xi was a student of Liu Zihui, and his father Zhu Song was also very talented. Perhaps due to the influence of his father and master, his evaluation of literature in Taoism was relatively fair, and he also wrote some good poems full of life. For example, these two poems are of course works of reasoning. The former poem uses the idea that a pond must be constantly filled with living water to be clear, which is a metaphor for thinking that must continue to develop and improve in order to be active and avoid stagnation and rigidity. In the latter poem, people's cultivation often goes from quantitative change to qualitative change. Once the water is ready, it will naturally be clear on the outside and on the inside, without any restraints, and free. These two poems use vivid images to express the truths that he has realized in his studies. They are both inspiring and not lacking in poetic flavor. Therefore, Chen Yan rated them as "combining things and reasoning without being corrupt."

[Edit this paragraph] Explanation of words and sentences

Explanation of words

Fangtang: a square pond opened: like a mirror being opened (jiankai) , mirror, in ancient times, the mirror was covered with a mirror bag and opened when used). Wandering: moving back and forth

Canal: it refers to a pond in the poem. That: (same as "which"), how. Such as: so, so. Because: because.

Explanation of the poem

The half-acre square pond is opened like a mirror. < /p>

The skylight and cloud shadows reflected in the pond, shaking constantly.

(Write about the beautiful scenery reflected in the clear square pond. "Skylight" and "cloud shadow" are metaphors for the content in the book.)

How can the water in the square pond be so clear?

Because there is living water flowing from the source.

The first two sentences describe the scene, and the last two sentences discuss it. Each question and answer vividly expresses the poet's deep and unique reading experience, with implicit philosophy.

This is a famous poem that uses scenery as a metaphor. The whole poem uses Fangtang as a metaphor to vividly express a subtle and indescribable feeling of reading. The pond is not a pool of stagnant water, but constantly filled with living water, so it is like a mirror, crystal clear, reflecting the sky and cloud shadows. This situation is quite similar to the situation when the same person solves the problem in reading, gains new knowledge and gains a lot, and improves his understanding. The flow of spiritual energy, clear thinking, fresh and lively spirit and contentment expressed in this poem are exactly the author's personal reading experience as a great scholar. Although the feeling expressed in the poem is only for reading, it has profound meaning and rich connotation, and can be widely understood. Especially the two sentences "Ask the canal how clear it is, because there is living water from the source." The reason why the water is clear is because there is continuous injection of living water from the source. It implies that if people want to have a clear mind, they must study hard and add new knowledge from time to time. Therefore, people often use it as a metaphor to continuously learn new knowledge in order to reach a new realm. People also use these two poems to praise a person's knowledge or artistic achievements, which has its own profound origin. We can also get inspiration from this poem. Only when the mind is always active, with an open and broad mind, can we accept all kinds of different ideas and fresh knowledge, and be broadly tolerant, can we continue to have new ideas and new ideas. These two lines of poetry have been condensed into the commonly used idiom "source of living water", which is used to metaphor the source and driving force of the development of things.

[Edit this paragraph] My feelings after reading "Seeing the Book"

This is a philosophical poem. After reading, people often feel a sudden enlightenment. The poem uses symbolic techniques to turn this inner feeling into tangible and tangible actions to describe it, allowing readers to appreciate the mystery on their own. The so-called "living water from the source" should refer to the continuous acquisition of new knowledge from books.

"Looking at the Book and Feelings" is a famous poem written by Zhu Xi, a scholar at the University of the Southern Song Dynasty. I will copy it and analyze and appreciate it with everyone. I hope it can inspire and encourage young friends who have no interest in learning, do not read books or read newspapers, and only know how to have fun.

Four lines of the original poem: "As soon as the half-acre square pond is opened, the skylight and cloud shadows are lingering. I ask the canal how clear it is? It has a source of living water."

"

What it actually describes is a bright and fresh pastoral scenery. After reading it several times, you will feel that the more you read, the more you will love to read! You see, a small pond of half an acre is unfolding in Zhu Xi's writings. A mirror (once opened), it is so peaceful and elegant that people immediately spread the wings of imagination. The second sentence even arouses readers' imagination. This "mirror" reflects the shadows of clouds lingering in the sky, so clear. The water is so quiet and lovely! The author asked a question in the third sentence, why is the water so clear? He asked himself happily, because there is always water flowing from the source.

< p> This beautiful picture of natural scenery makes people feel fresh and bright after reading it. What makes people even more amazed is that when they look at the title, it is the feeling of reading the book. The beautiful artistic conception is suddenly sublimated and integrated with reading.

It turns out that when the great scholar Zhu Xi was praising his understanding of reading, the joy, clarity and liveliness he felt in his mind were expressed through the reflection of ponds and cloud shadows. Why is his mind so clear? New knowledge in books, like living water, is constantly replenishing it!

A short poem by the great genius Zhu Xi gives us a lot of inspiration. Reading more good books will keep your mind active forever! , endlessly talented and elegant!

[Edit this paragraph] Exception

The second poem with feelings after reading the book

The second poem with feelings after reading the book

The river was full of spring water last night, and the giant ship was as light as a dime.

It has always been a waste of effort, but today it can move freely in the middle of the river.