German famous sociologist, political scientist, economist and philosopher.

His major works include Protestant Ethics and the Spirit of Capitalism, Nation-State and Economic Policy, Social Reasons for the Decline of Western Classical Civilization, Ancient Judaism, Confucianism and Taoism, and Imperial Presidential System.

He put forward three important concepts:

1) disenchantment of the world

2) Rationalization

3) the cage of modernity

1, disenchantment of the world

The concept of "disenchantment of the world" first appeared in Weber 19 19' s famous speech "Learning as a Career".

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Enchant is the root of this word, which means "ecstasy"

Ancient Latin: cantare, fascinated;

Medieval French: Magician, Singing, Charm.

"ecstasy" means "ecstasy, happiness"

"disenchantment" (waking up from a dream)

The most important features of modernity are "rationalization" and "disenchantment of the world". These two concepts talk about the same characteristic. As a result, noble values have withdrawn from public life.

The so-called "possession" refers to being immersed in the religious world or the world endowed with meaning by mysterious creed.

2. The meaning of disenchantment

With the development of human reason, people began to reflect on this meaningful world created by charm. Disenchantment is to get rid of the religious or mysterious meaningful world, as if waking up from a dream.

In ancient and modern world, the foundation of social unity is based on systematic metaphysics and religious worldview. It ultimately depends on the concept of transcendentalism.

3. The world of value monism

In the traditional society, all theories based on the ultimate foundation are equally effective to everyone, that is, the meaning is clear and unified.

Modern "rationalization" shattered the monistic world view. There should be an insurmountable gap between reality and ideal.

4. What can science offer us?

Science can provide an objective description of facts, a realistic world order and an order of causality.

5. A binary divided world

After disenchantment, the unitary world with unified meaning has become a dual world, and a world of separation of value and knowledge has arrived.

We have an objective understanding of factual judgment. As for the question of value, we only have subjective views.