Author: (Tang) Wang Wei

I am a lonely stranger in a strange land, and I miss my family more often during the holidays.

When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me.

problem solving

Wandering alone in a foreign land, I miss my brother every holiday. I know that when my brother climbed the mountain and planted dogwood to commemorate the Double Ninth Festival, one person was missing.

To annotate ...

1, September 9th: refers to the Double Ninth Festival on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. There are also folk customs such as climbing mountains, inserting dogwoods and drinking chrysanthemum wine.

2, memory: nostalgia.

3 times: double, more.

4. Climbing: On the Double Ninth Festival of the ninth lunar month, there is a folk custom of climbing to avoid evil spirits.

5.zhūyú, Cornus officinalis: A plant with strong fragrance. It is said that the bag of Cornus officinalis is tied on the Double Ninth Festival, and chrysanthemum wine can be drunk on the mountain to avoid disaster.

Rhyme translation

Wandering alone, being a stranger in a strange place,

Think twice about your relatives during the festive season.

Looking back on Chongyang today, my brother is climbing the mountain again.

They wore dogwood and found me missing.

Comment and analysis

Write poems about wandering people missing their loved ones. As soon as the poet started, he eagerly went straight to the subject and wrote about the loneliness and sadness of life in a foreign land. Therefore, he always misses his hometown and people, and when he meets a festive occasion, he misses him doubly. Then the poem jumps to writing a brother who is far away from home. When they climbed the mountain according to the custom of Chongyang, they also missed themselves. Poetry jumps repeatedly, implicative and deep, simple and natural, tortuous and changeable. For thousands of years, "I miss my family twice during the festive season" has become a famous saying of homesickness for wanderers, which has touched the hearts of many wanderers.

No.9 mountain climbing

Author: Du Mu

Jiang Yingyan first flew, and the guest carried Cuiwei to the pot.

Every opening in the world is hard to smile. 3. Chrysanthemum must be inserted in the head.

But I will pay 5 yuan for the holiday without sending the sunset.

So it is throughout the ages. Why does Niu Shan stick clothes alone?

All comments

1. 9th: Double Ninth Festival on September 9th. Qishan: Southeast of Guichi County, Anhui Province.

2. Cuiwei: refers to the depths of the shady hillside, and also refers to the halfway up the mountain. Chrysanthemum: This is a dark allusion.

3. The earthly sentence: Zhuangzi: "Life is a hundred years old, 80 years old and 60 years old. In addition to illness and death, those who open their mouths and laugh will be four or five days in January. " I seldom laugh in life, so I should comfort myself and explain myself in many ways. We don't have to worry too much about some troubles.

4. Chrysanthemum sentence: "The Collection of Arts and Literature" volume four quotes "Continued Jinyang Autumn": "On September 9, I tasted no wine, picked chrysanthemums from the chrysanthemums next to my house, sat on its side, stayed for a long time, and saw white clothes. The wine delivery person was Wang Hong. Even if you just drink, you will get drunk and come back. "

5. Drunk.

6. Niu Shan: On Internal remonstrance in the Spring and Autumn Period: "(Qi) traveled in Niu Shan, facing its national city in the north, crying:' Why did you die here?' Aiken and Liang Qiu both cried. "Niu Shan, in today's Shandong.

translate

The river reflects the autumn shadow, and the geese just fly south.

Make an appointment with a friend and take a hip flask to climb the mountain.

Trouble in the world comes once in a lifetime, smile,

When chrysanthemums are in full bloom, put your head back.

Double Ninth Festival should only indulge in drinking as a reward.

Don't worry about the sunset.

Life is short, and it will always be like this.

Why do you cry for Niu Shan like Qi Jinggong?

Make an appreciative comment

This poem dispels the troubles and impermanent sorrows of life with broadmindedness (even decadence). In the first two sentences, I have high hopes, and Gao Qiu writes about high feelings, which is quite a celebrity style. Three or four sentences are the explanations of ancient celebrities Zhuang Zhou and Tao Qian. Don't worry about life and death. It is said that the "guest" in the poem is the poet Zhang Hu. The style of this poem is fresh, handsome and healthy, but also mixed with sadness, so it has a sense of dejection and swaying.

This poem was written by Du Mu when he was the secretariat of Chizhou in the fifth year of Tang Wuzong Huichang (845). "The shadow geese of" Jiang "are the first to fly, and they are carrying pots." On the Double Ninth Festival, a poet friend boarded Qishan in the southeast of Chizhou City with wine. The mountains in the south of the Yangtze River are still green in autumn, called Cuiwei. People climb mountains as if they were in this lovely color. Looking down at the river from a height, all the scenery in the air, including the figure of geese flying at the beginning, is reflected in the blue waves, which is more clear in autumn. The poet used "Han" to describe the river as if he embraced the autumn scenery in his arms, and replaced the autumn mountain with such a beautiful word as "Cuiwei", all of which revealed his pleasure in the scenery before him. The joy of this festival injected a stimulant into the poet's depressed mood. "It's hard to smile in the world, and chrysanthemums must be inserted." Facing the beautiful scenery in autumn, he smiled and folded a handful of chrysanthemums with great interest. He felt that he should put his head back so as to live up to this rise. The poet realized that it is really rare in the world to open your mouth and smile like this. In this state of mind, he seems to convince the guests and himself: "But don't get drunk to reward the festival, and don't hate when you get on the boat"-just get drunk to reward this beautiful festival, and don't regret the sunset and the twilight of life when the festival comes. These four sentences give people a feeling that the poet seems to want to cover up and relieve his long-accumulated depression with occasional happy smiles and holiday drunkenness, but the depression still exists, and it is hard to laugh in the world after all, and the sunset is just around the corner. So the poet comforted himself further: "This has been the case throughout the ages. Why does Niu Shan have to be alone? " During the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Jinggong swam in Niu Shan, and Linzi, the capital of Wangbei, cried, "Why not die here!" The poet thinks that the impermanence of life felt by "going for a walk and hating the light" is the same from Qishan in Chizhou to Niu Shan in Qi Jinggong. Since I don't have this hatred in my life, why should I cry alone like Qi Jinggong?

Some people think that this poem is to "express depressed thoughts with broadmindedness". From the poem, we can really see the emotional depression, but the poet does not necessarily express his depression with broadmindedness, but is mixed with depression and joy when climbing mountains. Subjectively, the poet doesn't want to use the happiness of climbing mountains on holiday to relieve depression. The use of words such as "must insert", "but will", "no need" and "why bother" in the article can obviously make people feel the poet's emotional struggle. As for not actually struggling from depression, that's another matter.

Why is the poet's melancholy so deep that it is difficult to drive it away? In addition to Du Mu's lofty aspirations, it is difficult to display them in the political environment of the late Tang Dynasty, and it is also related to the person who walked with him this time, that is, the "guest" in the poem. This "guest" is none other than Zhang Hu, a poet who is older than Du Mu and whose poem name is earlier. When Mu Zong was a poet, Linghu Chu appreciated his poetic talent and recommended him in the above table, but it was useless because of Yuan Zhen's rejection. This time, Zhang Hu visited Du Mu from Jiang Lai Su. Du Mu sympathized with his abandonment and resented it. So the depression in the poem actually contains the feeling that two people are in the same boat. This is the profound reason why no matter how hard the poet tries to be broad-minded, he is always poor in spirit.

The poet's broad-mindedness is manifested in his language perception; The poet's depression is manifested as "the world is hard to laugh at", "I don't have to hate it" and "Why does Niu Shan stick to his clothes alone?" Sadness blows away and comes again, the more I can't help it. The combination of these two aspects makes this poem look fresh and powerful, but it is also full of sadness.