The poems written by Zhou Wenyong during the Guangzhou Uprising include "The Last Poems".

"The Last Poem" Era: Modern Times Author: Zhou Wenyong

The head can be cut off, the limbs can be broken, but the revolutionary spirit cannot be destroyed.

The head of a strong man is the leader of the party, and the body of a hero is the leader.

Translation: The head can be chopped off, and the limbs of the body can be broken off. The heads of high-spirited and brave people fell off for the Communist Party, and the bodies of heroic men were torn apart for the masses.

"Poem" is a poem written by the proletarian revolutionary Zhou Wenyong. In the spring of 1928, Zhou Wenyong and Comrade Chen Tiejun, who pretended to be husband and wife and continued to work underground together, were arrested at the same time. After their arrest, Zhou Wenyong wrote the poem on the prison wall and gave his precious life for the revolutionary cause.

The creative background of "Poem":

After the failure of the Great Revolution, white terror enveloped the land of China, and the party was forced to shift from open to secret struggle. In accordance with the spirit of the Party's August 7th Conference, the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China made the decision to launch an armed uprising in Guangzhou. Zhou Wenyong, who served as Secretary of the Working Committee of the Guangzhou Municipal Party Committee, followed the party's instructions and began to establish a secret armed force of workers in Guangzhou.

In October 1927, Zhou Wenyong was elected as an alternate member of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and a member of the Guangzhou Uprising Political Platform Drafting Committee. Under the direct leadership of Zhang Tailei, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, he participated in the development of the uprising's political program and slogans. Drafted and served as the commander-in-chief of the Guangzhou Uprising Workers' Red Guard. When the armed uprising was imminent, Chen Tiejun was dispatched by the party, disguised as Zhou Wenyong's wife, and participated in the preparations for the Guangzhou uprising.

In the early morning of December 11, 1927, under the leadership of Zhang Tailei, Ye Ting, Yun Daiying, Ye Jianying, Yang Yin, Zhou Wenyong, Nie Rongzhen and others, the Guangzhou armed uprising broke out, which shocked China and foreign countries. The Guangzhou Uprising dealt a heavy blow to the new Kuomintang warlords who betrayed the revolution. The "Guangzhou Soviet Government" was established amidst the fierce fighting. Zhou Wenyong was elected as the People's Labor Commissar and Minister of Education of the Guangzhou Soviet Government.

Due to the disparity in strength and outnumbered numbers, the Guangzhou Uprising ultimately failed under the joint attack of counter-revolutionary forces of various factions supported by imperialism. Zhou Wenyong led part of the rebel armed forces and fought tenaciously against an enemy that was more than ten times their size. In order to defend the new Soviet government, he was not afraid of sacrifice and fought to the death until all ammunition and reinforcements were exhausted. Finally, he fought his way out, broke through and evacuated Guangzhou.

In the spring of 1928, he and Comrade Chen Tiejun, who pretended to be husband and wife and insisted on working underground together, were arrested at the same time. After his arrest, Zhou Wenyong wrote an immortal poem on the prison wall - "The head can be cut off, the limbs can be broken, but the revolutionary spirit cannot be destroyed. The head of a strong man is the fall of the party, and the body of a hero is the torn apart of the crowd."

On February 6, 1928, Zhou Wenyong and Chen Tiejun, who had established a love during the revolutionary struggle, held a tragic wedding at the Honghuagang execution ground in Guangzhou and died calmly.