Outstanding achievements, dedicated to the red regime.
Tukhachevsky, 1893, was born in a declining aristocratic family in Dorogo county, Smolensk province. He has been studious since childhood and has a wide range of interests, especially in military affairs. 19 1 1 year entered the first military equipment school of yekaterina. The following year, he was elected to the Alexandria Military Academy with the first place, graduated from 19 14, and served in the Semenoff Guards Corps. After the outbreak of World War I, tukhachevsky went to the front with the troops and was captured by the Germans on February 19 19, 2005. 19 17 10 fled back to China and returned to the original department as the company commander. After the "October Revolution" broke out, tukhachevsky was introduced to join the Soviet Red Army and the * * * Production Party, becoming the first former Russian officer to join the * * * Production Party.
Later, tukhachevsky was appointed as the representative of the military department of the all-Russian Central Executive Committee, and later served as the military member of the Moscow defense zone. 1965438+In May 2008, Czechoslovakia army defected, and tukhachevsky was sent to the Eastern Front to help Muraviev, commander-in-chief of the Eastern Front, form the Red Army Senior Corps as the commander of the First Front Army. After tukhachevsky was executed for the rebellion in Muraviev, he served as the temporary commander-in-chief of the Eastern Front, and made great contributions to quelling the rebellion, which began to be valued by Lenin and other leaders. 19 18 Autumn, when the armed rebellion of General Colta, commander of the former Tsar's Black Sea Fleet, was put down, tukhachevsky was far-sighted and courageous, completely eliminated the main force of the rebels, liberated a large area of Siberia, and was awarded the Red Flag Medal and the honorary sword by the Military Commission of the Republic of China. Later, tukhachevsky was sent to the south to deal with Denikin's white bandit troops and to fight back against the Polish intervention army, which wiped out Denikin's main force and drove the Polish army to Warsaw at the gates. Then, he was ordered to put down the rebellion in Cranstadt. Tukhachevsky, like a "panacea", has made indelible contributions to the turbulent red Soviet regime.
After the end of the civil war, tukhachevsky successively served as Dean of the Military Academy of the Red Army of Workers and Peasants, Commander of the Western Military Region, Chief of Staff of the Red Army of Workers and Peasants, Vice Chairman of the Revolutionary Military Commission of the Soviet Union, Minister of Equipment of the Red Army of Workers and Peasants and Vice Chairman of the National Defense People's Committee, etc., and worked hard for the construction of the Red Army. He also attached great importance to the study of future wars and founded the theory of large-scale deep combat with tanks, mechanized infantry and aviation, which was known as "Red Napoleon".
1936, the Soviet union held a large-scale strategic military exercise according to tukhachevsky's suggestion, aiming at formulating the methods and means of actively fighting back when the Soviet union was attacked by Germany. Soon, tukhachevsky wrote "Germany's Current Military Plan", expounding the total size of the German armed forces, the viewpoint of modern war, Hitler's anti-Soviet plan and revenge plan. He pointed out that "German imperialism's large-scale preparations for all-out wars on the ground, in the air and at sea have forced us to seriously look forward to the defense of China's western border and establish the necessary defense system." Although tukhachevsky's foresight on future war did not attract enough attention in the Soviet Union, it caused quite a stir in Germany, so he was regarded as a thorn in the side and a thorn in the flesh by fascists, and he was determined to get rid of it quickly.
1937, heydrich, director of the SS Security Bureau, got an important message that Marshal tukhachevsky and others of the Soviet Union were discussing with some staff of the German General Staff the plan to overthrow the Soviet regime. Heydrich, with his keen professional sense, feels that this intelligence report is promising, even if it is not true. So he immediately reported to Hitler. Hitler was overjoyed when he heard the news. If this "conspiracy" is exposed, the suspicious Stalin will not spare Tuhachovski, but will also thank Germany and relax his vigilance against Germany. This is killing two birds with one stone. So Hitler decided to get rid of Tuhachovski by Stalin's hand to weaken the strength of the Red Army. He ordered heydrich to be specifically responsible for this matter, and tried to give this information to the Soviet government to convince the Soviet side.
In order to fool the Soviets, heydrich racked his brains and finally found a breakthrough. In order to break the imperialist blockade, the Soviet government had some economic and military exchanges with Germany in the 1920s. At that time, as one of the main leaders of the Red Army, tukhachevsky had correspondence with some senior German generals. These letters are still kept in the archives of the Intelligence Bureau of the German Supreme Command. Heydrich decided to use these letters to forge evidence. As a result, after careful fabrication, imitation and processing by agents and experts, letters have reached the point of being genuine from handwriting, tone to signature. Agents even forged the signatures of some German generals on the edge of the stationery, suggesting that tukhachevsky's rebel plan was supported by the German Defence Forces. In addition to letters, Nazi agents forged receipts for large sums of money issued by Red Army generals and letters from Canalis, head of German military intelligence organization, to tukhachevsky and others, thanking them for providing information about the Red Army.
How to give these materials to Stalin? Heydrich chose Czech President Benaish. Because if Stalin falls, Hitler will lose control and the Czech Republic will face a serious threat. Therefore, in a drunken conversation with Czech Ambassador to Berlin Marsten, German officials "unexpectedly" revealed that the Germans were keeping in touch with an anti-Stalin group of the Red Army. Marsten quickly reported the news to Czech President Benaish. Benash immediately informed the Soviet ambassador to balague Alexander Rovsky.
Sure enough, the Soviet side quickly conveyed the request for contact with relevant German personnel through Benaish.
Heydrich knew that the fish had taken the bait. He immediately sent Baehrendtz, the captain of the SS flag, to Prague to meet with the plenipotentiary of the Soviet Union. Baehrendtz took out two letters from the forged case file and gave them to the Soviet representative. The other party didn't say anything after reading it, but asked about the price of the materials. In order to further deceive the Soviet Union, Bachlenz even offered a sky-high price in the history of world espionage: 3 million rubles! The bearer was silent and took the file in Bach Rentz's hand. Soon, a big package full of rubles was carried up. Looking at the figure of the "plenipotentiary" of the Soviet Union who left in a hurry, Bach Lenz showed a smug and insidious smile: he knew that what the Soviets bought with huge sums of money would be a complete injustice and an eternal tragedy.
1 937 may1day, the Soviet union held a traditional "may day" tour. Marshal tukhachevsky and Stalin stood in front of Lenin's mausoleum and reviewed the military parade. Later, he will attend the coronation ceremony of King George VI in England on behalf of the Soviet government. However, just when Tuhachovski and Stalin accepted the highest respect and love from the Soviet people, he didn't know that this was his last appearance on the stage of Soviet history.
A few days later, just as tukhachevsky was preparing to leave for England, the Soviet government suddenly decided to replace him with the naval commander orlov. Uninformed tukhachevsky was completely confused, but someone explained to him, "Someone in London wants to assassinate you." Tukhachevsky is very skeptical. 1 1 In May, he was removed from the post of deputy director of the National Defense People's Committee and demoted to the Volga River Military Region as commander. Tukhachevsky thought this decision was an insult to himself. He wrote to Stalin asking for complete retirement and demobilization. However, the letter is like a mud cow entering the sea, and there is no news.
On May 28th, tukhachevsky, who had no choice, packed his bags, bid farewell to his wife and children and went to his post. On the way, he was arrested by the Ministry of Internal Affairs. He was arrested with seven generals, including Kolk, president of the Fulongzhi Military Academy.
10 In June, the Soviet Union set up a special military court headed by Attorney General Vischinski, and conducted secret trials on tukhachevsky and others. The trial started at 6:5438+00 am. The special court showed the defendant the "evidence" purchased by Germany. Tukhachevsky was surprised at first, but finally understood, and became irritable because of anger. He firmly denied all the charges against him. He said, "As for the meetings and talks with the German General Staff and its representatives in the office of the Soviet military attache, they were all official, and these contacts were all before Hitler came to power." However, tukhachevsky's words were interrupted. After listing the "treason" of Marshal and seven generals, Attorney General Wiczynski demanded that these defendants be expelled from the Red Army and be given the severest punishment.
At 9 o'clock in the evening, tukhachevsky and other eight people were sentenced to death and executed in the basement of the Ministry of Internal Affairs that night. Before the execution, tukhachevsky looked dull, his eyes were wandering, and he said with great bitterness, "I seem to be dreaming", as if a high-speed car suddenly turned into a sewer on the side of the road, and Marshal tukhachevsky, who was in full swing, completed the transformation from a founding father to a condemned man in less than a month. A dazzling star in the Soviet Red Army has fallen.
Hitler was overjoyed when the news reached Germany. He proudly said, "The best part of the senior cadres of the Soviet army has been eliminated by Stalin. The result is that those successors who are growing up still lack the necessary fighting wisdom. " Four years later, Germany attacked the Soviet Union. Ironically, German tactics borrowed from the theory of "Great Deep Campaign" that tukhachevsky always advocated but was ignored by the Soviets. North Korea's Soviet Union, which lacked generals, collapsed thousands of miles and was beaten to the gates of Stalingrad by the Germans in one breath.
Twenty years later, the Supreme Military Court of the Soviet Union revoked the judgment of tukhachevsky and others. Su * * * Central Supervision Committee resumed their membership, and Su * * * was completely rehabilitated by them. However, the price paid by the Soviet army for this mistake is huge and can never be recovered.