Contents:

Report on research-based learning project

Topic

Endangered animals

Group

Class 9, Grade 2

Instructor

Zhao Wenqiang

Team leader

Geng Renjie <. With the acceleration of industrialization, more and more wild animals have lost their habitats and become endangered animals. How to effectively protect wild animals is increasingly concerned by human society.

Purpose and significance: To understand the current situation of endangered species and

to arouse people's attention to endangered species.

Division of tasks: paper writing: Hao Lu designed questionnaire: Kong Xiaoyi

distributed questionnaire: Zhang Qiuhui interviewed: Zhang Hefei

Information inquiry: Zhang Dongyu exchange and exhibition speaker: Geng Renjie

Activity plan:

September 1th-September 15th: Discuss research contents, Determine the theme

September 19-September 3: Draw up the implementation plan

October 4-October 5: Division of labor

October 5: Opening the topic: Carrying out research topics

November 6: Field investigation of endangered animals

November p>12: Questionnaire

November 9. Do a better job of further division of labor

January: Conclude the topic and exchange the presentation

Method:

1: Select 3 teachers from different subjects to interview the students in the school, conduct a survey to 1 parents and students outside the school, and distribute questionnaires to the respondents (online questionnaires can be carried out).

2. Search relevant information through the Internet, books, etc.

3. Analyze and sort out the related contents and data in online books.

4: Set up relevant reports according to the sorted contents.

5. Revise and organize reports and papers

Feasibility: The division of labor is clear, and team members can complete related affairs according to their own abilities and complete the reports.

Expected results:

Do you know that the species of animals on the earth are decreasing sharply, one by one, one by one, they all disappear? Life on the earth originally naturally formed a food chain and depended on each other. Some people ask how long can humans last if there are only humans left in the world? Please look at the worrying records of animal extinction in recent years: dodo (India, 1781), blue antelope (South Africa, 1799), Marion elephant turtle (Tongsayer, 18), great auk (Atlantic Ocean, 1844), European wild horse (Europe, 1876), spotted donkey (Asia, 1883) and white-rumped leaf. 1918), china rhino (China, 1922), Caucasian bison (Europe, 1925), Balihu (Indonesia, 1937), Red Duck (India, 1942), Platts Wild Horse (China, 1947), Pocahontas (Australia, 1948), and Crown Duck (Asia). ), South China Tiger (5), Snow Leopard (1*! ～2*! heads), Chinese alligator (1*! 5), baiji (1), giant panda (1*! ), black rhinoceros (3*! 5 monkeys (9), woolly spider monkeys (1), Yunnan golden monkey (1*! ), wild golden monkey (7), white-browed long-armed monkey (7).

so why are endangered animals endangered?

First, the reasons of the species themselves

Species specialization and genetic failure are often the internal reasons that lead to the endangered or even extinct species. ; In the long-term evolution process, some kinds of wild animals have adapted to a specific habitat and produced special habits (including feeding habits), which makes it difficult for them to adapt to the changed environment or other environments, and finally leads to the end of "the unsuitable are eliminated".

If giant pandas specialize in feeding mainly on bamboo, once they lose their existing habitat or bamboo blooms and dies in a large area, giant pandas will die in large numbers without bamboo to eat, which will lead to survival crisis.

In the long-term evolution process, some wild animals are threatened by the decline of viability and heritability for various reasons, which makes their populations difficult to recover and tend to be endangered.

Zhu huan, for example, has a small existing population, and there is a certain degree of inbreeding. In addition, in the semi-breeding state of human beings, individual genes adapted to wild life may be gradually lost, which may endanger its survival and even lead to its extinction. ;

second, habitat destruction and loss;

For the development of economy, human beings have cut down forests, reclaimed land from lakes and seas, overgrazing, etc., which directly caused the loss of wildlife habitat and indirectly led to the endangerment of wildlife. ;

Forests and grasslands are one of the most important habitats for wild animals, especially mammals, birds, reptiles and insects. Deforestation of forests, followed by land reclamation and overgrazing of grasslands not only occupy the inherent homes of wild animals, but also artificially divide wild animals into many isolated small populations, which greatly affects their survival and reproduction.

Reclaiming land around lakes and occupying tidal flats are the main reasons leading to the endangered waterfowl, amphibians, reptiles and fish. After wetlands, lakes and coastal beaches have been developed into industrial and agricultural land in large quantities, the animals that depend on them have lost their habitats and breeding grounds and are on the verge of extinction.

The Chinese alligator, for example, has lived on the earth for hundreds of millions of years. Due to the loss of its habitat, the wild population of the Chinese alligator will soon be extinct. The relevant departments intend to use artificially bred individuals to implement the reintroduction project, but they have to wait for the extinction of the wild population of the Chinese alligator because they have no land. ;

IV. Environmental pollution

Since the beginning of this century, due to the extensive use of pesticides, rodenticides, chemical fertilizers, coal and petroleum, a large number of industrial "three wastes" and toxic substances have been produced, which have seriously polluted the atmosphere, soil and water bodies, and the health of wild animals has been damaged and their fecundity has been declining. Many rivers and lakes are no longer suitable for the survival and reproduction of aquatic wild animals. Some wild animals with higher ecological niche are also affected to varying degrees because of the food chain. ;

Third, indiscriminate hunting and catching

Indiscriminate hunting and catching is the direct cause of many endangered species. Tortoises, snakes, eagles, Tibetan antelopes, ornamental birds and frogs are the most severely hunted animals at present.

The delicacy of turtle meat, snake meat and frog legs, the beautiful singing and gorgeous posture of wild birds, the living falcon and the international black market of Tibetan antelope velvet have attracted the killing of these animals, resulting in a sharp decline in their wild resources, and many of them are in an endangered or extremely endangered state.

IV. Environmental pollution

Since the beginning of this century, due to the extensive use of pesticides, rodenticides, chemical fertilizers, coal and petroleum, a large number of industrial "three wastes" and toxic substances have been produced, which have seriously polluted the atmosphere, soil and water bodies, and the health of wild animals has been damaged and their fecundity has been declining. Many rivers and lakes are no longer suitable for the survival and reproduction of aquatic wild animals. Some wild animals with higher ecological niche are also affected to varying degrees because of the food chain. ;

V. Natural disasters

Natural disasters are also one of the reasons that lead to the endangered species. For example, in 1998, the rare flood in the Yangtze River basin caused many wild animals living in plain or hilly areas to suffer extinction. ;

The creatures on the earth can't live alone. Under certain environmental conditions, they are interrelated and live together. Biologists point out that in the natural state, the number of species extinct is basically balanced with the number of new species appearing. With the increase of population and economic development, this balance has been destroyed. From 16 to 1996, 164 species of birds disappeared in the world; From 1871 to 197, 43 species of mammals were extinct. There have been 2.5 billion species of animals and plants since life began on the earth, and nearly half of them have disappeared in the last three centuries. The destruction of species balance will worsen the living environment of mankind, and mankind itself will suffer great disasters.

Now, on average, one kind of wild animals has become extinct in less than two years, and many animals are on the verge of extinction. In order to maintain the biodiversity of the earth and protect wildlife resources, all countries attach great importance to the protection of wildlife. In 1959, China made regulations to protect giant pandas and golden monkeys. In 1962, it was clearly stipulated that 83 rare wild animals should be protected. In 1988, the Wildlife Protection Law was promulgated.

However, because some people still don't understand the importance of protecting wild animals, or for personal gain, they are still hunting precious and rare animals, which really makes people feel sad.

We should understand from an early age that caring for wild animals is a virtue of human beings, and protecting wild animals is everyone's unshirkable responsibility.

Concluding report:

Endangered animals are a precious, irreplaceable and renewable natural resource, which plays an important role in maintaining ecological balance, promoting economic development, meeting people's growing material and cultural needs, developing foreign relations and improving socialist spiritual civilization. ;

1. Maintaining ecological balance

Each species is an important member of the ecosystem. Through the relationship of food chain, species play the role of interdependence and mutual containment. Once a link in the food chain goes wrong, the balance of the whole ecosystem will be seriously affected. For example, due to the uncontrolled hunting of snakes, the resources of snakes are exhausted, which leads to the rampant rodent infestation in forests, grasslands and farmland in some areas. For another example, due to the extensive use of pesticides and fertilizers and the hunting of living animals for pet trade, the number of insect-eating birds has decreased sharply, leading to large-scale occurrence of forest and crop diseases and insect pests such as Dendrolimus punctatus and locusts. Rodents and pests have caused great losses to agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry, and the cost of ecological imbalance is incalculable. ;

II. Ensuring the normal development of scientific research and educational activities

Endangered animals are experimental materials for scientific research and play an important role in zoology, genetics, modern medicine, bionics and other disciplines. For example, tens of thousands of cynomolgus monkeys and macaques domesticated and bred in China are mostly used as experimental animals or to produce vaccines against diseases and diseases. Scientific research institutes, universities, zoos and museums collect, display or exhibit specimens of endangered animals, which plays an important role in scientific research and teaching, publicity and education, and law enforcement activities. ;

Third, promote economic development and meet people's living needs

Most endangered animals have high economic value or ornamental value. ;

(1) medicinal value. Chinese traditional medicine is developed on the basis of studying and utilizing wild animals and plants. Tiger bone, leopard bone, rhinoceros horn, musk, pangolin scales, Saiga antelope horn, bear bile powder, turtle shell, gecko, cobra venom and toad venom are indispensable and important raw materials for Chinese medicine. In 1993, in order to cooperate with the efforts of the international community to protect tigers and rhinos, our government banned the trade in rhinoceros horns and tiger bones, which also paid a high price, resulting in direct economic losses of 2.3 billion yuan. ;

(2) Edible and clothing value. Our ancestors lived by collecting or hunting wild animals and plants in the era of "eating animals and eating blood". Even today in the 2th century, many animals are still common raw materials for food or clothing in our lives. Such as venison, yellow mutton, sable skin, Yellow weasel skin, leopard cat skin, otter skin, Tibetan antelope velvet, bird's nest, flying dragon, crocodile meat, crocodile skin, ostrich meat, dried snake, snake skin and snake powder. As far as snakes are concerned, about 9, tons of live snakes were used in China in 1997, with a value of more than 4 million yuan.

(3) ornamental value. Endangered animals have high ornamental value. They are the trump cards for zoos, forest parks, nature reserves or scenic spots to attract tourists, the protagonists of circus performances, and the main targets for some families to cultivate and watch or many literati to recite poems and paint. Going abroad to exhibit and cooperate with a pair of giant pandas can raise at least 8 million yuan for the national giant panda protection fund every year. In addition, handicrafts carved from ivory and hippopotamus teeth and decorations made from peacock, ostrich feather, butterfly and argali skull also have high artistic ornamental value. ;

(4) diplomatic value. China's endemic animals, such as giant panda, golden monkey, Siberian tiger and Zhu huan, are not only world-class endangered animals, but also rare animals that people all over the world love and are eager to visit. Giving or exhibiting these animals abroad can play a unique role in enhancing China's popularity, developing political and economic relations between countries, promoting cultural exchanges, enhancing folk friendship, publicizing China's achievements in the protection and management of endangered animals, conducting cooperative research on endangered animals, and raising funds for the protection of endangered animals.

(5) recreational hunting value. In 1998, China approved the hunting of 3 takins, 23 argali, 61 falcons, 4 white-lipped deer, 57 rock sheep, 32 Tibetan gazelles, 2 capra ibex and 1 water deer. * * * raised 11.7 million yuan for the protection and management of endangered animals for the country, and also mobilized the enthusiasm of the local government and ordinary people to protect endangered animals, which was conducive to solving the local poverty alleviation problem.

(6) potential development value. The value of species is only a tiny part of what human beings know at present. With the development of science and technology, the potential value of each species will be gradually discovered and recognized. But if the species is extinct before people know it, it is impossible to develop and utilize these values. Undoubtedly, this is a great pity for us human beings and a great loss for biodiversity protection. ;

It can be seen that we should not only protect endangered animals, but also develop endangered animal resources, and finally achieve the goal of sustainable utilization. To sum up in one sentence, the protection of endangered animals is to make sustainable use of endangered animals.

Team members

Experience

Hao Lu: Although the research study was hasty and the preparation was not sufficient, the activity was successfully completed due to the concerted efforts of all the staff, especially one of the students who took the trouble to find information for everyone. Through this research study, I have a deeper understanding that unity is strength, and I have also learned a lot.

Kong Xiaoyi: Animals have lived with us on the earth for so many years. They all play an important role on the earth and maintain the delicate balance of nature. Mankind's wanton transformation of the earth has seriously threatened all kinds of life on the earth. It is our bounden duty to dig our own graves and protect endangered animals.

Zhang qiuhui: through this research-based learning activity, I deeply realized that the relationship between human beings and nature is becoming uncoordinated. You know, life is equal, and we are a whole with nature. If the ecological balance is destroyed, then mankind will eventually destroy itself. Therefore, we should save those endangered animals and love the animals around us. To love them is to love ourselves.

Geng Renjie: We actively explore and experience in an open situation, learn independently in a happy mood, and improve our ability. We constantly gain, get exercise and improve ourselves in research-based learning.

Zhang Dongyu: Through this research-based learning, I have deepened my understanding of endangered animals. in this