Textbook Analysis

This article is an intensive reading text that tells the story of Confucius, a great thinker and educator, who learned the piano from Shixiang when he was fifty years old. The story of Confucius's proficiency shows his outstanding qualities of being open-minded, eager to learn, striving for excellence, and constantly making progress.

The language of the article is simple and concise, and the characters are vivid. The story unfolds with Confucius learning the piano as the main line, highlighting Confucius' tenacious enterprising and pursuit of excellence. artistic image. The full text contains both a positive description of Confucius learning the piano, a side description of Confucius learning the piano through Shi Xiang's eyes, and the constant changes in Shi Xiang's demeanor. The text first describes Shi Xiang's confusion about Confucius's performance in playing the piano, then writes about Shi Xiang's sincere evaluation and affirmation after seeing Confucius playing the piano, then writes about Shi Xiang's joyful appreciation of Confucius playing the piano, and finally writes about Shi Xiang's surprise at Confucius' superb piano skills. , sincerely admire Confucius. Through Shi Xiang's description of Confucius' actions and language of watching, asking, listening and appreciating the process of learning the piano, readers can feel the process of Confucius practicing hard, constantly improving his skills, and reaching a state of perfection.

The clues in the full text are clear and the levels are clear. In chronological order, the four stages of Confucius' piano learning are written: learning the music score - mastering the skills - popping up ideas - recognizing people in the music. The plots are interlocking and in-depth step by step, making the story both coherent and compact. Readers can feel Confucius' diligent learning attitude and enterprising spirit while reading the story, and thus develop deep respect, infection and education.

Around the main plot of the text, the text is accompanied by an illustration, which shows Confucius concentrating on playing the piano and Shi Xiang intoxicated by the sound of the piano. Looking at the illustrations helps students grasp the key points and understand the text.

Teaching objectives

1. Help students learn new words, collect, select and organize information about Confucius, eliminate reading difficulties, and gradually develop the ability to use reference books and background information for reading The habit of independent reading.

2. Guide students to read the text silently, try to summarize the methods of silent reading, exchange experiences in silent reading, and improve the efficiency of silent reading. Clarify the ideas of the article during silent reading, understand the meaning and function of key words in the article, and achieve the purpose of understanding the text.

3. Guide students to feel Confucius’s attitude of hard study and the learning spirit of excellence and continuous improvement during reading, and be inspired and educated by it.

4. Analysis of important and difficult points:

Teaching focus

Learn to read the text silently, understand how Confucius achieved proficiency in his piano skills, and appreciate Confucius’ continuous progress and excellence. of excellent quality.

Teaching Difficulties

Understand the process of Confucius practicing hard and gradually reaching the highest level of piano art.

Preparation of teaching aids

1. Assign students to collect stories, words and other information about Confucius.

Teachers create courseware that introduces Confucius’ life, ideological achievements, historical status, and international influence.

Teaching process

1. Display results.

(1) Read new words.

(2) Read the text.

(3) Summarize the main content of the text. (What is the main content of the text?)

2. Intensive reading and comprehension, combining reading and speaking.

Study the first natural paragraph and get a preliminary understanding of Confucius:

1. Read the first natural paragraph silently and talk about what you understand and what you have learned from it.

Academic presupposition:

(1) Students can obtain information from the text and fully grasp the content through everyone’s supplements, but it is difficult to understand the role of key words and need to The teacher gives guidance and guides students to pay attention to the question "why you write like this" and to experience the writing method.

(2) The information that students can learn is: the text briefly introduces that Confucius is not only a thinker and educator, but also a connoisseur of music and versatile; Confucius can play all ancient musical instruments, and is especially good at playing them. Qin; never complacent, he also learned skills from his teachers, showing Confucius's open-minded and studious spirit.

2. Read the first natural paragraph aloud and talk about what you understand.

3. Discussion question: What does "especially" mean? Can we remove this word? Why does the author emphasize this sentence? What role does this word play in the text?

("especially" means further meaning. If this word is removed, the sentence will not make sense. The author emphasizes and quotes this word in order to highlight the sentence "play the piano well". This word Its function in the article is: it not only shows that Confucius plays the piano well, but also demonstrates Confucius's spirit of never being complacent and being open-minded and eager to learn. It also plays the role of leading to the following, echoing the title, and connecting the meaning of the article. "A good hand at the piano" and the following "How to practice the piano" are cause and effect, complement each other, and complement each other, making the content of the article authentic and credible.)

3. In-depth study, taste and perception

1. Read the part of "Confucius Learned the Piano" silently. Find the words that express time and tell in what order the author wrote them. Summarize the several stages of Confucius’ piano learning.

The author writes down the four stages of Confucius' piano learning in chronological order:

(1) "Ten days passed in a flash" - Confucius learned the music score;

(3) "After some time" - Confucius understood the spirit of music and expressed emotions ;

(4) "I don't know how many days have passed" - Confucius knew the author from the music.

2. Read the text aloud and share your learning gains with the whole class.

(1) Communicate the results of the four stages of Confucius’ piano learning.

(2) Combining your own musical knowledge and practical thinking of learning music: What are the differences in content and difficulty among these four stages? What does the purpose that Confucius achieved successively indicate? What did you learn from these four stages? (The first stage is to learn the music score, the second stage is to master the skills, the third stage is to express emotions and move others, and the fourth stage is to recognize people in the music. These four stages are becoming more and more difficult, and we experience the Confucius learning from them. A learning attitude of never getting tired of and striving for excellence.)

2. Read the text silently and think about the question: How did Confucius continue to pursue and gradually reach the ideal state?

3. Mark while reading, practice using recording symbols, and mark your own experiences in the blank spaces of the book with concise words. You can think about the following questions in turn:

(1) Find the sentences describing Confucius’s piano learning. Think: What do you understand from these words? What outstanding qualities do you realize about Confucius?

(2) Find out what Confucius said. Think: What do you understand from these words? What outstanding qualities do you realize about Confucius?

(3) Find out the changes in Shi Xiang’s expression when he watched Confucius playing the piano and his four evaluations of Confucius’s piano skills. Think: What do you understand from these words? What kind of person do these profile descriptions show Confucius?

5. Student exchange: How did Confucius play the piano? What words do you know from? What do you understand from these words?

6. Teacher-student communication.

In students' communication, students should not only be guided to say the words and sentences they found, but also the meaning of the words and sentences, and what they experienced from these words or sentences?

3. Summary, sublimation, expansion and extension.

Read the famous sayings of Confucius and look up the words you don’t understand in the dictionary:

Be tireless in learning and tireless in teaching.

Review the past and learn the new.

Isn’t that okay if a friend comes from afar?

4. Question and resolve doubts.

1. Who was King Wen of Zhou?

Jichang, King Wen of Zhou Dynasty, was the founder of the Western Zhou Dynasty. His surname is Ji and his given name is Chang. Ji Chang became the leader of the Zhou clan after the death of his father Ji Li. He is a man of great achievements, attaches great importance to the development of agricultural production, cares about the suffering of the people, is diligent in political affairs, and governs the country conscientiously. He is based on benevolence, treats others with generosity, and maintains his simple virtues, which is deeply won by people's hearts. In this way, the Zhou clan gradually prospered. In order to make himself more powerful, he valued talents, treated virtuous corporals, and a large number of people with lofty ideals came to join him. The most famous among them is Jiang Shang, also known as Jiang Ziya. When Ji Chang was in power, the Shang Dynasty was still very powerful, so he still surrendered to Shang on the surface, but secretly stepped up economic development and military expansion. King Zhou heard Chonghou Hu's report, arrested him, and imprisoned him in Youli. He was calm and composed, devoted himself to the study of Bagua, and created the "Book of Changes". Later, he was rescued by his ministers and was released back to Zhou Dynasty. At this time, he had made up his mind to attack and destroy the Shang Dynasty and avenge his humiliation. He tidied up the interior and made serious preparations. In order to expand his political influence, he continued to use troops abroad. In his later years, Jichang had already acquired two-thirds of the land in the world at that time, laying the foundation for the attack and destruction of the Shang Dynasty.

King Wen of Zhou Dynasty was praised by later generations for his qualities such as caring for the people, broad-mindedness, and meritocracy.

2. The original meaning of "perfect fire" is the heat used in Taoist alchemy. Is there any story or allusion?

The teacher tells the idiom story of "A Perfect Student".

5. Guidance in writing.

1. When sketching words, write them correctly and standardly:

1. It is easy to write the word "inhibition" incorrectly. Guide students to pay attention to observation. There should be no more horizontal lines or more on the right side. . Compare the difference between "Yin" and "卬" and write the characters correctly. The character "Yi" should pay attention to its structural characteristics: high on the left and low on the right, narrow on the left and wide on the right.

2. The three left-right structures of "tired", "pure" and "overflow" are all narrow on the left and wide on the right. Pay attention to the matching when writing. The strokes on the left and right are both modest and interspersed, so that The words become one. The words "tired" and "overflow" are often dotted. You should pay attention to the direction and placement of the dots, and try to write the words evenly from left to right and with a full shape.

6. Time-limited homework.

Distinguish it and then form a word:

suppress () pure () tired () overflow () soak () spectrum ()

welcome () Ton () Juan () Yi () Invasion () Pu ()

Blackboard design

Confucius learned the piano

Learn the music score——→Practice skills—— →Understand the content——→Understand the author——→Proficient in everything