risk prevention and control in building construction
I. attendance system on the construction site
1. All the staff on the construction site must attend the work on time every day, punch in their fingerprints, and work for nine hours after the project starts.
2. When staff go out to perform tasks, they need to ask the project manager for instructions, fill in the field task list, and then they can go out after being approved.
3. The project manager should report to the vice president in charge when going out.
4. sick leave certificate is required.
5. You should apply to the project manager for personal leave, fill in the leave slip, and the project manager will approve it within one day, the vice president in charge within two days, and the chairman of the board for more than three days. You can rest only after you are granted leave, and send it to the administrative department for the record.
6. When overtime is required due to the progress of the project, all staff must obey. The project manager fills in the overtime application form. Overtime pay of staff shall be calculated separately, and the project manager shall not calculate overtime pay. If a staff member fails to complete his work task on time due to his own reasons and needs to work overtime, overtime pay shall not be counted.
7. Those who have been absent from work for three times or for three consecutive days without reason will be removed from the list.
Second, the system of regular meetings on the construction site
1. From the date of commencement to the date of completion of the project, we insist on holding a meeting every day.
2. The daily meeting shall be convened by the relevant project manager, with the participation of the builder, maintenance monitor and construction team leader. Engineering secretary records filing. The project manager can expand the scope of people attending the regular meeting according to specific problems.
3. The problems found in the construction must be submitted to the regular meeting for discussion and reported to the vice president in charge for approval. Decisions made at regular meetings must be resolutely implemented.
4. The coordination problems between teams and groups shall be submitted to the daily meeting for solution. Timely convey the relevant operation requirements and the latest engineering trends in the regular meeting.
5. The weekly meeting shall be convened by the vice president in charge, attended by the project manager, the budgeter and the marketing manager, and the records of the engineering secretary shall be filed. The vice president in charge can expand the scope of participants according to specific problems.
6. The coordination problems between production departments and between Party A and Party B shall be submitted to the weekly meeting for solution. The regular meeting conveys the latest engineering trends, latest company documents and spirit of the company.
Third, the construction site file management system
1. The engineering secretary should strictly meet the requirements of urban construction file management and do a good job in data files.
2. Make records of daily meetings, weekly meetings and temporary on-site meetings on the construction site.
3. The on-site staff shall register, and the copies of ID cards of the construction team members shall be filed.
4. Arrange and file the engineering quantity visa, project task book, design change order, construction drawings and project self-inspection data.
5. Other documents, materials and documents in the project shall be sorted and filed.
6. Keep all kinds of files and materials in a classified way, make a good backup, and do not lose them. At the same time, establish relevant electronic documents for easy reference.
7. Borrowing archives requires borrowing procedures. Fill in the borrowing form of engineering data and return it in time.
iv. warehouse management system on the construction site
1. The warehousing of materials must be checked and signed by the project manager. Unqualified materials will never be put into storage, and the material clerk must go through the formalities of returning goods in time.
2. The keeper must count any materials before putting them into storage and registering them in the account; Fill in the material receipt form; At the same time, input electronic documents for future reference.
3. Material account books must have columns such as date, number of warehousing, number of warehousing, recipients and storage location.
4. The materials in the warehouse should be classified and stored in a neat and orderly manner, and the identification management should be done well, and enough passages should be left for easy handling.
5. Paint, alcohol, pesticides and other inflammable, explosive and toxic substances shall be stored in the dangerous goods warehouse, and sufficient fire-fighting equipment shall be provided. Open flames are not allowed.
6, bulk materials, equipment can't be put into storage, points clear quantity, do a good job of covering, prevent rain and sun, avoid losses.
7. The materials stored in the warehouse must be well protected from fire and moisture, and other people are strictly prohibited from entering the warehouse.
8. When the materials are delivered out of the warehouse, the material requisition form must be filled in, signed and approved by the project manager and signed by the material requisition person.
9. Borrow tools and equipment, and establish an account of borrowed items. Strictly fulfill the borrowing procedures and promptly urge the collection of funds; Implement the principle of "who takes the goods and keeps them". If there is any damage, timely notify the material engineer to contact for maintenance or replacement.
V. Civilized construction management system on the construction site
1. Smoking is not allowed during construction.
2, the construction site must go to the temporary toilet, and clean it at any time after use.
3, materials, components and other items classification code put neatly. Collecting materials, transporting earthwork, sand and gravel, etc., and cleaning and maintenance in time without spilling them along the way.
4. The garbage generated in the construction must be sorted out in piles and cleaned up in time, so that it can be cleared after work.
5, the site construction personnel must keep clean and tidy, and must not wear slippers to work.
6. The work shed must be kept clean and tidy, cleaned by turns, and the domestic garbage and production waste should be removed in time.
7. unite with comrades and care about others. it is strictly forbidden to go to work under the influence of alcohol, make trouble, fight, gang up, swear words and hurt people, and not contribute to work.
8. Strictly control the noise of construction machinery to minimize the nuisance.
VI. Safety production management system on the construction site
1. New workers enter the site and receive "three-level education on safety production".
2. Personnel entering the construction site should wear safety helmets and use personal labor protection articles, such as safety belts, correctly.
3. On-site construction personnel must use relevant machines and equipment correctly, and check whether all safety facilities are safe and reliable before taking up their posts.
4. hold relevant certificates for special jobs, and wear corresponding labor safety protection articles for special operations.
5. When using the grinder, first check the grinding wheel for cracks and dangers. When cutting materials, use even force, and the cut parts should be clamped firmly.
6. When working high above the ground, fasten your seat belt. It is forbidden to walk around on climbing objects without handrails in the sky.
7. Keep the slope stable during the deep trench construction, and improve the wall protection and reinforcement measures in time.
8, the edge of the dangerous parts, potholes should be strictly fenced and sealed, and necessary safety warning lights should be set.
9. Set up enough access roads, paths and safety ladders according to regulations.
1, loading and unloading stacking tools, equipment and construction vehicles, and keep a safe distance from the pit.
11, large and medium-sized construction machinery (hoisting, transportation and rolling, etc.) shall be commanded by full-time personnel.
12. Small and electric tools shall be operated and used by full-time personnel, and pay attention to the safety of electricity use.
13. The construction personnel must abide by the rules and regulations on safe construction and have the right to refuse the operation methods that violate the "Safety Construction Management System".
14. Safety signs should be posted on the construction site.
15, it is strictly prohibited to illegal command and illegal operation.
VII. Management system for temporary electricity consumption on the construction site
1. Professional electricians (with certificates) are responsible for all temporary electricity consumption on the construction site, and other personnel are forbidden to connect to the power supply.
2. Each level of the construction site must be equipped with various safety distribution boxes.
3, temporary electricity, three-phase five-wire system and three-level leakage protection, inspection and maintenance by full-time electrician.
4. All temporary lines must use sheath line or submarine lines, and must be erected firmly, generally overhead, and not tied to pipelines or metal objects.
5. It is strictly forbidden to pull and connect with flower thread and copper core thread, and offenders will be severely punished.
6. All plugs and sockets should be kept in good condition, and the electrical switch cannot be used for multiple purposes.
7. All construction machinery and electrical equipment shall not be operated in spite of illness or used under overload.
8, construction machinery and electrical equipment and construction metal platform must have reliable grounding.
9. When connecting the power supply, the power supply should be cut off first. In case of live operation, protective measures must be taken, and an electrician above level 3 should be present to supervise the work.
VIII. Construction site security management system
1. Security personnel must be loyal to their duties, stick to their posts and patrol around the clock to protect the property on the construction site from losses.
2. The project manager shall, according to the actual situation at the site, set up standard fences, fences, etc., and implement closed construction as far as possible.
3. The project manager shall conduct safety inspection on raw materials and finished and semi-finished products in the open air, and add safety protection facilities or assign special personnel to guard them when necessary.
4. All construction personnel must wear the work number plate, and outsiders are not allowed to enter the construction site without the permission of the project manager.
5. The security guards on duty at night must patrol the whole construction area and must not sleep.
6, security personnel on-site inspection, pay close attention to raw materials, finished products, semi-finished products, machinery and equipment, etc., found abnormal situation timely report to the company.
7. All the equipment and tools brought by the construction team shall be registered, and the registration list shall be kept by the engineering secretary for reference by relevant personnel.
8. When the construction team leaves the site, the tools and equipment they carry must have a receipt from the project management department before they can be taken out.
IX. Fire control management system on the construction site
1. Every level of the construction site must be equipped with sufficient fire fighting equipment.
2. Security personnel must check the integrity of fire-fighting equipment every day, and replenish it in time if there is any loss.
3. The fire-fighting equipment must be clearly marked.
4. The location of fire fighting equipment shall be based on the principle of convenient use, and the placement of fire fighting equipment shall not be changed at will.
5, the staff must be familiar with the use of fire fighting equipment.
6. Flammables such as paints are stored in the dangerous goods warehouse, and painters should avoid fire and heat sources during construction.
7. All places where open flames are used in the construction site must be attended by special personnel to ensure that people go off.
8. Keep the fire road clear. In case of fire, organize personnel to put it out immediately and report to the fire department if necessary.
9. Temporary sheds and other facilities shall meet the requirements of anti-theft and fire prevention, and regular anti-theft and fire prevention education shall be conducted, and regular inspections shall be conducted to eliminate hidden dangers in time.
X. Construction site cost management system
1. Implement cost assessment system
(1) The project manager first signs a letter of responsibility with the superior leaders to clarify his responsibilities when encountering different situations in the project construction process, and at the same time, determine the responsibility cost (responsibility cost refers to the cost collected by the responsible person according to the controllable degree). Within the scope of responsibility cost, if the cost is artificially over-consumed, the bonus of the project manager will be deducted according to the specific situation; If the cost loss is lower than the cost forecast plan, that is, the project cost is reduced, the project manager will be rewarded at one time according to the percentage.
(2) The cost control objectives are decomposed at different levels, and responsibility letters are signed at different levels, which are linked with economic interests, so as to strengthen the economic awareness of all staff. The responsibility book can be posted on the wall to remind the members in the engineering department at all times.
(3) specific assessment measures: an assessment team can be set up in the engineering department, and after each working procedure is completed, it will be discussed and assessed according to the completion of the responsibility cost of members in the engineering department. Within the scope of their respective responsibility costs, 2% of the cost saved will be awarded as a bonus to the relevant personnel, and 1% of the excess cost will be deducted if the cost is excessive and artificial.
(4) Before construction, make a good project cost forecast and plan.
(5) Call a cost analysis meeting on a regular basis, and the main analysis contents are as follows: ① The quantity of completed works on site and the quantity signed by the supervisor. ② Labor consumption and expenses, and daily employment plan for the coming week. (3) material consumption, transportation costs, turnover materials, repair old and waste, material saving and reasons, the types and quantities of materials needed in the coming week. (4) the amount of machinery expenses, maintenance and depreciation expenses, and the types and quantities of machinery needed in the coming week. ⑤ Put forward rectification measures for cost control.
2. Strengthen the management and use of materials
(1) Do the basic work before purchasing materials. Before the project starts, the project manager and the builder must be familiar with and analyze the engineering design drawings repeatedly and carefully, and put forward the material application plan according to the actual quantity of materials measured by the project. The application plan should be accurate.
(2) All subdivisional work should control the use of materials, especially the supply of stone, wood, sand and gravel should be strictly in accordance with the quota, and the quota acquisition should be implemented.
(3) We pay special attention to and strictly manage the material collection, warehousing and warehousing, feeding, material use, replenishment, material return and waste recycling.
(4) The project manager is directly responsible for the process that consumes a lot of materials. In the specific construction process, the whole construction process can be divided into several stages according to different construction processes. Before the start of the process, the builder will allocate the amount of large materials used. If insufficient materials are found during the process of construction, the builder will report to the project manager for acquisition and explain the reasons for insufficient materials used. After the completion of each stage of the project, the builder shall count and report the use and surplus of materials, analyze the causes of material consumption or over-consumption, and link it with rewards and punishments.
(5) Some materials shall be used in a lump sum way, and the system of saving prizes and punishing those who exceed consumption shall be implemented.
(6) timely discover and solve the problems of uneconomical use of materials, non-measurement of incoming and outgoing materials, excessive materials used in production and high rejection rate.
(7) Special materials shall be replaced with old ones, and the reason for picking new materials shall be submitted by the material user or person in charge; Materials scrapped shall be submitted in a timely manner to provide evidence for future rewards and punishments.
(8) For the cost amortization method of reusable materials in each project, we can try to use the following formula for cost accounting: amortization amount = one-time usage × (1+loss rate)/turnover times: the usage amount calculated according to the construction drawings for applying for material preparation and preparing the construction operation plan. Turnover times: refers to the number of times that new reusable materials are used from the first time to the time when these materials can no longer be used. Loss rate: refers to the amortized amount of reusable materials in a project according to the frequency of use, the characteristics of the project object and the length of construction period.
3. Labor resource management
(1) Before the construction starts, not only the construction schedule should be worked out, but also the migrant workers in each process should be discharged according to the construction schedule.