Model essay on experimental opening report

Model essay 1: 1. Research background, general situation and significance.

1, background and overview

Water-retaining gel is an epoch-making high-tech product, crystal clear and colorful, which is deeply loved by everyone. From now on, you don't have to grow flowers and plants with dirty soil anymore. Just insert your favorite flowers and plants in a glass vase filled with crystal soil, and you can put them in your home, office, hotel lobby, restaurant and other places. At present, it has become a new indoor flower and grass planting product popular in Europe, America and Southeast Asia. It not only takes dirt from the wearer, but also integrates fashion, beauty, environmental protection (no mosquitoes and sewage) and convenience. Crystal mud not only set off a new revolution in indoor planting of flowers and plants, but also brought a new fashion of crystal bonsai and flowers and gifts. Multicolored crystal bonsai is especially suitable for families, hotels, hotels, bars, dance halls, western restaurants, teahouses and so on. It can also be used as a good gift. Imagine putting carnations in crystal mud and giving them to recovering patients, which indicates their early recovery. Inserting roses into crystal mud, colorful crystal mud and beautiful crystal bottles are given to lovers, which means that eternal love is as pure as crystal. Crystal mud has become a best-selling product in Japan, South Korea, Hongkong and Taiwan Province.

Adding a proper amount of perfume or essence to crystal soil can be used as a solid air freshener, which can be used for a long time and help to improve the indoor environment. Crystal soil is most suitable for planting shade or aquatic green foliage plants. It doesn't need frequent watering and care, and it won't cause insects, mosquitoes and ants. Clean and hygienic. The main component of this product is resin, which does not contain alginic acid and starch. It will not deteriorate and fade, and it is non-toxic and harmless. It is the latest and best material for planting flowers and beautifying the environment in public places such as hotels and families.

Crystal mud is a kind of super absorbent carrier, which stores water, nutrients and trace elements, and has many colors. The product is crystal clear after absorbing water, and its color is bright, which is very similar to crystal. It can be used as an ornament for planting plants and viewing. Used to plant all kinds of cool aquatic plants indoors, even if they are not watered for a month, the plants can be safe and sound; It also contains a certain amount of nutrients, such as P, K and various trace elements, to meet the needs of normal plant growth.

Crystal mud is rich in color and can be used for planting flowers and arranging flowers. You can also match various colors of colored crystal mud according to your personal preference to achieve your favorite effect. Widely used in indoor plant cultivation, daffodil pond decoration, flower arrangement, crystal candlestick, water cluster decorations, city desks, Christmas gifts, daily home greening and so on. , and will become a beautiful landscape of the city.

China is a big country of flower production, and the flower market around the country is increasing year by year, and the competition is becoming increasingly fierce. If you want to occupy more market share, you must change from traditional soil cultivation to soilless cultivation? It has a broad market prospect to study the production technology of crystal mud with low production cost.

2. Significance

Crystal mud has excellent properties and is a super absorbent resin. Crystal mud materials are not only used in the fields of plant cultivation, soil improvement, desert reconstruction and physiological and sanitary products, but also used in medical treatment (artificial cornea, drug sustained-release materials, porous materials, etc.). ), civil buildings (sealing materials, fire extinguishing materials, anti-condensation and anti-fog materials, humidity control and dehumidification materials, etc. ), food (fresh-keeping additives, dehydrating agents, drying agents, etc. The mountainous, arid and semi-arid areas in China account for about 5 1% of the national territory, and the soil erosion is serious. The arid and water-deficient areas in China involve more than 20 provinces and cities, and the forest resources are poor, and the forest coverage rate is only 13.9296. Due to the harsh environmental conditions, the survival rate of tree planting in arid areas is only 10%'-'30%, and that in semi-arid areas is 3096 ~ 5096. Therefore, saving water and improving the ecological environment is a long-term and arduous task. The development of super absorbent and water-retaining materials is of great significance for promoting the development of agriculture and forestry in China, improving the ecological environment and implementing the sustainable development strategy.

Crystal mud resin was first used to make toilet paper and diapers to absorb body fluids. At present, the global demand for super absorbent resin has exceeded 2 million tons. Among them, the consumption of diapers and sanitary napkins accounts for more than 90-96% of the super absorbent resin market. Used as cosmetic additive, it can improve the wettability of cosmetics. Super absorbent resin can also be used for air cleaner, artificial snow, etc. The application in food is mainly used as fresh-keeping material, dehydrating agent and so on. Can keep fruits and vegetables fresh.

Agricultural water-retaining agent can promote the development of plant roots, improve the emergence rate and transplant survival rate, promote plant growth and development, and delay the wilting time. Super absorbent resin applied in soil can absorb a lot of water during rainfall and irrigation, and can slowly release water for plants to absorb during drought, thus improving the utilization rate of agricultural water, prolonging irrigation cycle and enhancing crop drought resistance.

China has a vast territory and rich natural resources. However, due to the lack of water resources, soil erosion, desertification, salinization and other land degradation in the west is serious; The imbalance of water ecology and the increasing frequency of natural disasters such as drought and sandstorm have become the important constraints for the sustainable development of China's economy and society. Therefore, around the rational utilization of water resources, restoring the ecological environment in the western region is an important prerequisite for implementing the national strategy of developing the western region. Rare earth drought-resistant super absorbent resin not only contains new polymer water-retaining materials, but also contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, trace elements and rare earth elements indispensable for plant growth. In controlling soil erosion, preventing desertification and restoring ecological environment, it can promote the germination of forest and grass seeds, improve the germination rate of seeds and promote the growth of roots, which has a very significant effect on the formation of forest and grass roots. Thereby enhancing the ability of forest and grass to resist adverse environment. The restoration of ecological environment has a great demand for multifunctional and low-cost water-retaining agents. It is of great significance to further develop and study new super absorbent resin.

Second, the main content of the study

1, the basic idea of this study is:

(1) Through literature reading and data search, the structural characteristics, functional properties and types of hydrogels, as well as the preliminary research of water-retaining hydrogels;

(2) Determine the basic direction of this study;

(3) Issue the experimental research plan and the experimental product performance test plan, as well as the drugs and instruments needed for the experiment, and define the experimental methods and steps;

2. Design of experimental scheme

(1) experimental principle

The monomer we use is acrylic acid (CH2=CH? COOH), the initiator is ammonium persulfate (H4S2o8), and the crosslinking agent is? Methylene bisacrylamide based on sodium hydroxide is produced by free radical chain polymerization;

CH2=CH？ 2=H？ COOa+H2O

CH2=CH？ 2 Oa

When acrylate is polymerized, a violent reaction occurs to obtain an insoluble polymer. The schematic diagram of its network structure is shown in Figure L. The-COOH and -OOa groups in its main chain are the main groups that affect the water absorption of the resin, and the crosslinking agent plays an important role in the formation of network density. If the crosslinking agent is used properly, a suitable polymer network can be formed, which has certain water absorption performance. The length of molecular chain of crosslinking agent, the activity of reactive groups and the number of hydrophilic groups contained in it have great influence on the water absorption performance of resin.

Figure 1

(2) Drugs and devices

Medicine: dispersant Spa-60 solvent cyclohexane acrylic acid sodium hydroxide crosslinking agent ethylene glycol.

Ammonium persulfate

Instrument: oven agitator reflux condenser thermometer three-neck bottle Brinell porosity analyzer

(2) Experimental steps

1) Add 1 g dispersant (Spa-60 or Tween 40 or calcium carbonate) and a certain amount of cyclohexane into a three-necked bottle equipped with stirrer, reflux condenser and thermometer, heat to 45℃ and stir for 35ml to fully dissolve the dispersant.

2) Neutralize a certain amount of acrylic acid with 5 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to a set neutralization degree, add a certain amount of initiator and crosslinking agent in turn after cooling, stir and mix, fully dissolve, add into a three-necked bottle, heat to 75℃, and stir for about 65438±0.5h ..

3) cooling, filtering and drying the reaction mixture at constant temperature, and then performing performance measurement and product processing.

(4) Research on influencing factors

PH: that is, the degree to which acrylic acid is neutralized by aOH, that is, the relative amount of acrylic acid and aOH affects the water absorption of the product, which can be measured by pH;

Acrylic acid concentration: the influence of acrylic acid concentration (c) on the water absorption of the product during preparation; The dosage of initiator: The influence of the dosage of initiator (M) on the water absorption of the experimental product was discussed. Cross-linking agent dosage: Study the influence of cross-linking agent dosage (M) on water absorption of experimental products;

Reaction time: Study the influence of reaction time (T) on the water absorption of experimental products;

(3) Performance parameter test

Product weight: the quality of the product manufactured in the experiment is m 1.

Porosity: the ratio of the volume of all pores in a porous body to the total volume of the porous body, that is? =(V2-V 1)/V 1

Water absorption rate: the percentage of water absorbed by products soaked in water to the weight measured before soaking, that is? =(m2-m 1)/m 1

Water retention time: simulating the actual cultivation conditions and completely absorbing the time of water dispersion and loss.

Third, the research progress plan

1 and 20 12 in March, the researchers discussed the purpose and principle of the experiment and made theoretical preparations before the experiment.

2.2065438+In April and May of 2002, we entered the experimental research stage, prepared the product, made orthogonal experiments to find the best experimental conditions, controlled variables to explore the influence of various factors on the product, and determined the product performance;

3.20 12 June: Collate the research data and issue the research report.

Student's signature: 2065438+Tutor's opinion in March 2002:

Signature of instructor: 20 12.

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