A simple analogy:

A digital certificate is like your ID card in reality;

A digital signature is like your signature in reality;

An electronic signature is like your stamp in reality.

Digital signatures require the use of digital certificates. Electronic signatures use digital signature technology and digital certificates. The electronic signature contains digital signature data and displays a built-in picture (picture of the seal) in the file.

Digital certificate

Digital certificate is a string of numbers that marks the identity information of communicating parties in Internet communication. It provides a way to verify the identity of communicating entities on the Internet. Digital certificates are not A digital ID card is a seal or seal stamped on the digital ID card by the identity authentication agency (or a signature added to the digital ID card).