In e-commerce, two or more parties may be far away from Wan Li and don't know each other, or even never meet each other in the whole transaction process, so the traditional signature method is difficult to apply to this kind of transaction. Therefore, people try to use electronic signature mechanism to prove each other's identity. This kind of electronic signature consists of symbols and codes, and has the characteristics and functions of the above signature. For each party, the specific symbols or codes will be determined according to the existing technology, relevant experience, requirements of applicable standards and safety procedures used. The electronic signature of any party can be changed at any time to protect its confidentiality.

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There is no unified expression for the concept of electronic signature. A typical example is the UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Signatures and its guide: "Electronic signature refers to the data contained in, attached to or logically associated with a data message in electronic form, which can be used to identify the signer related to the data message and show that this person approves the information contained in the data message." (Note)

At present, some scholars divide electronic signatures into three categories: broad sense, narrow sense and compromise (reinforcement): "The so-called broad sense electronic signature refers to electronic signatures including various electronic means. This concept focuses on the purpose and function of electronic signature, but there is almost no regulation on the technical methods used in electronic signature. Any electronic form of data attached to or logically associated with data telecommunications can be used as an electronic signature. " (Note) "Electronic signature in a narrow sense is a signature with a certain electronic signature technology as a specific means, usually referring to digital signature, which is generated by asymmetric encryption method." (Note) The so-called digital signature is a digital string that can only be generated by the sender of information and cannot be forged by others. This number string is also a proof of the authenticity of the information sent by the sender (note). The third kind of "enhanced electronic signature" is sometimes called secure electronic signature. It refers to an electronic signature that can achieve the same function as the traditional signature after a certain security application. "(Note) This concept is a compromise between the broad and narrow concepts of electronic signature, which emphasizes the effectiveness of electronic signature, but it is as general as possible in its specific implementation form to cover various technical means and reserve space for the legal development and application of electronic signature technology.

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At present, the main difference between them is that electronic signature is a form of signature in future business activities, while electronic signature is a technology and means.