Neoclassical art painter
1. David David
(1) Introduction to famous artists:
Jaques Louis David, 1748--1825) was the founder of the neoclassical style.
David was born in the era when Rococo art was popular. When he went to Rome with his teacher Vian for further studies, he seriously studied classical art and became a firm believer in classical ideals.
(2) Representative works:
"The Oath of the Three Horatian Brothers" (1784)
2. Ingres, the backbone of neoclassicism< /p>
(1) Introduction to famous artists:
Jean-Auguste Dominique Ingres (1780--1867).
Throughout his long life, he persisted in defending the ideals of neoclassicism with his proud stubbornness and outstanding artistic talent.
Ingres was a painter who worked tirelessly to purify his plastic language. His conservative ideas could not conceal his superb artistic attainments.
Ingres also believed that paintings depicting history, mythology, religion and other themes are the highest art.
But the fact is that most of his carefully painted masterpieces appear empty and artificial, lacking real charm.
(2) Representative works:
"Mrs. Moitsi" (1851)
Romantic art painter
l. Romanticism pioneer Goya
(1) Famous introduction:
Goya (Francisco de Goyay Lucientes, 1746--1828), like his great predecessor Velázquez, Most of his career was spent in the court.
In 1786, he became an official court painter, and 13 years later, he was promoted to chief painter of the court.
However, the era in which he lived and the influence of new ideological trends on him made his state of mind and art far less peaceful and calm than Velázquez's.
(2) Representative works:
"Charles IV and His Family" (1800)
2. British romantic artist
< p> ＊Blake(1) Famous introduction:
William Blake (1757--1827).
This poor artist was not taken seriously during his lifetime and was forgotten after his death.
As time passed and mankind entered the 20th century, he was rediscovered. He was not only recognized as one of the few great poets in the history of British poetry, but also as the first important romantic painter in Britain. .
(2) Representative works:
"Nebuchadnezzar" (1765)
＊Constable
(1) Introduction by famous experts:
Constable was deeply in love with the English countryside throughout his life. With his candid eyes and simple heart, he felt the rich and colorful scenery of nature and described the "beautiful things" England's true view remains on canvas.
(2) Representative works:
"Derham's Valley" (1814-1815)
3. German romantic landscape painter
＊Friedrich
(1) Famous introduction:
Caspar David Friedrich (1774--1840).
Friedrich was different from most European painters at that time. He received his art education in Denmark, a Nordic country.
Friedrich's landscape paintings are a reflection of his soul. From what he said, "An artist should not only depict what he sees in front of him, but also what he sees in his heart." It is not difficult to see the romance. Typical attitude of anist.
Like some German Romantic writers, he was obsessed with the so-called "poetic scenes", such as wilderness, ancient temples, sunsets, moonlit nights, forests, etc., all of which constitute the symbolic and emotional aspects of his works. *** Colorful painting world.
This hobby, coupled with an emphasis on literary nature, undoubtedly influenced his achievements.
(2) Representative works:
"The Cross on the Mountain" (1808)
4. French Romantics and Delacroix
(1) Introduction to famous artists:
Eugene Delacroix (1798--1863).
Is the greatest romantic painter.
He has a wide range of interests and respects the classical masters, but the painter who really impressed him was the Baroque master Rubens.
The gorgeous colors, free composition, and vivid momentum in his art are all similar to Rubens.
(2) Representative works:
"Cavalry Officer" (1812), "The Raft of the Medusa" (1819)
5. American Romanticism Artist
＊ Cole
(1) Famous artist introduction:
Thomas Cole (1801--1848).
After Cole moved to the New World from England, he fell deeply in love with the almost primitive nature of this vast land and obtained inspiration for his creations.
While hiking along the Hudson River, he carefully studied the real local scenery, combined this valuable experience with his own poetry and imagination, and used the techniques from Europe to Using the techniques I learned, I created spectacular landscape paintings full of romantic sentiment.
(2) Representative works:
"Morning on the Hudson River" (about 1827), "Loop" (1836), etc.
Realism art painter
l. Courbet, the representative of French realist art
(1) Introduction to famous artists:
Gustave Courbet (1819--1877) Courbet was convinced that art is contemporary in nature, and artists should boldly face life and reflect contemporary reality with a clear-headed attitude.
Unlike the romantics, he denied the role of imagination. His famous saying "I have never seen an angel, so I can't draw it" clearly reflects the strong belief of this realist. .
(2) Representative works:
"The Stonebreaker" (1849)
2. Daumier, Corot and Miye
< p> ＊ Daumier(1) Introduction to famous artists:
Honore Daumier (1808--1879) is a master of comics and an outstanding oil painter and sculptor .
Like Courbet, he also firmly believed that art and artists should be based on contemporary reality.
But unlike Courbet, his plastic language is more subjective and general, which is inseparable from the fact that he started his creative career with political satirical cartoons.
(2) Representative works:
"Gargantua" (1832)
* Corot
(1) Famous artist Introduction:
Jean-Bap Uste Camille Corot (1796--1875) is the oldest painter among the realists.
Unlike Courbet's solid and powerful painting style, Corot's artistic technique is light and natural, with a calm and lyrical atmosphere.
Corot is well-known as a landscape painter and figure painter, and the world he paints comes from reality.
In 1825, he traveled to Italy, where he created early landscape paintings.
These brightly sunny and colorful works seem to reveal the information of later generations of Impressionism, and are highly appreciated by painters.
However, it was the lyrical landscape paintings he created later that made him popular and more representative of Corot's style in the minds of ordinary people.
This type of landscape painting has soft tones and light brushwork. The scenery seems to be shrouded in a silver-gray veil, giving people a dreamlike and poetic feeling. It is not difficult to discover the poet of this painter. temperament.
(2) Representative works:
"Memories of Morte Fontaine" (1864)
＊ Miye
(1 ) Famous artist introduction:
Jean-Francois Millet (1814--1875) is a painter who is good at expressing peasant life.
In his early years in Paris, he studied under the famous academic historical painter Delaroche, but he did not embark on the path of a fashionable painter.
In the late 1940s, he settled in the village of Barbizon near Paris and lived a real peasant life with his family. Until his death, he always lived among the bottom peasants who maintained the survival of France.
(2) Representative works:
"The Sower" (about 1850), "Women Gleaning Wheat" (1857)
3. Bobby Pine Painting School
* Rousseau
(1) Famous artist introduction:
Rousseau (Theodore Rousseau, l812--1867), from 1848 until his death, All live in Barbizon.
He carefully studied and analyzed the true form of nature, using broad brushstrokes and thick colors to depict the face of nature, its various details, air, light, etc.
Rousseau's works have a static monumental effect, appearing solemn and powerful.
(2) Representative works:
"Oaks near Barbizon" (1852)
＊ Dubigne
( 1) Introduction to famous artists:
Charles-Francois Daubigny (1817--1878).
Among the Barbizon painters, he is the closest to the Impressionist painters.
His painting method is lighter than Rousseau, and he pays more attention to the effect of light and color than Rousseau. Some people have criticized his works as mere impressions. From this, it is not difficult to appreciate the charm of his works.
He uses direct sketching, which allows him to capture the vivid appearance of nature.
The relationship between water and sky and the atmospheric atmosphere are what he likes to reproduce. "Highball Mill in Ottwa" (1857) provides people with the characteristics and touching example of his style.
Monet was deeply inspired by him, and he also tried his best to support the Impressionists' explorations.
(2) Representative works:
"Colbert's Mill in Otewau" (1857)
4. Realists outside France< /p>
＊Kramskoy
(1) Introduction by famous artists:
Ivan Nicolaevich Kramskoy (1837--1887) is a traveling exhibition The founder of the school was also a painter who fiercely opposed the stereotypes of the Academy of Fine Arts. It was this attitude that led him to organize a traveling exhibition of the school that was open to the public and close to life.
As a painter, Kramskoy's portraits best exemplify his delicate, realistic style.
(2) Representative works:
"Portrait of Leo Tolstoy" (1873), "Portrait of the Unknown Girl" (1883)
* Repin
(1) Famous introduction:
Ilya Efimovich Repin (1840--1930).
Repin is an artist who cares deeply about the fate of the Russian people. This is clearly revealed in his famous work "Volga Trackers" (1870--1873). Repin has an amazing talent for portraying characters. And his skill in using color and modeling, it is this characteristic of being good at depicting characters that makes Repin one of the best portrait painters in Russia.
He created a series of portraits of Russian literary and artistic celebrities, all of which are famous for their vivid brushwork and both form and spirit.
(2) Representative works:
"Volga Trackers" (1870--1873)
＊Surikov
( 1) Introduction to famous artists:
Vassily Ivanovich Surikov (1848--1916), unlike Repin, had a wide range of interests. He devoted all his talents to the creation of historical paintings.
Excellent works such as these reflect his proficiency in depicting the psychology of characters, organizing composition and using color.
(2) Representative works:
"The Noblewoman Morozova" (1881--1887)
5. British Pre-Raphaelite< /p>
*Hunt
(1) Famous introduction:
William Holman Hunt (1827--1910) was the leader of the Pre-Raphaelites.
He carefully depicts every detail with neat brushwork and uses them to imply the moral lesson of the work.
(2) Representative works:
"The Annunciation" (1850)
Impressionist painter
l. French Impression Artistic painter
* Manet
(1) Introduction to famous painters:
Manet (Edouard Ma, 1832--1883).
In his early years, Manet studied under the famous academic master Couture, but he was more fascinated by Spanish painters such as Velázquez. His beautiful color "Laura de" was praised by Baudelaire. "Was" (1862) shows the strong influence of Spanish painting.
Manet did not want to be the leader of the new generation of innovators. He just wanted to paint the paintings he wanted to paint steadily, but his practice pushed him to this position.
(2) Representative works:
"Laura de Vanessa" (1862), "Picnic Sketches" (1865-1866)
＊Monet
(1) Famous artist introduction:
Claude Mo (1840--1926) is the most famous and typical Impressionist painter.
Monet lived in the port city of Le Havre in his early years, and the landscape painter Boudin played a significant role in his growth.
In the late 1850s, he came to Paris to study.
Dissatisfied with Chen Chen Xiangyin’s academic education, he left the Academy of Fine Arts and went outdoors with his like-minded partner Renoir, bathing in the bright sunshine and capturing the changes in nature crazily. The beauty of light and color makes me feel the joy of discovering a new world.
(2) Representative works:
"Impression of Sunrise" (1872)
* Renoir
(1) Introduction to famous artists :
Auguste Renoir (1841--1919) was born in poverty and initially engaged in porcelain painting. This practice played a role in forming his sweet style and smooth brushwork.
Renoir was not as dedicated to depicting natural scenes as Monet. He loved to depict all kinds of joyful and charming things in life: scenes of entertainment and recreation, lovely women and children, and beautiful flowers. Everything he painted was like The fields full of flowers in the sunshine are a joy to behold.
It might as well be said that he is a singer of joy and beauty.
(2) Representative works:
"The Moulin de la Cake" (1876)
＊ Degas
(1) Introduction to famous artists:
Hilairc Germain Edgar Degas,1834--1917).
Like other Impressionists, he was passionate about expressing contemporary daily life.
But unlike these people, he attached great importance to the role of sketching from his early years, carefully studied the works of classical masters, and always maintained his admiration for Ingres's ability to use line modeling throughout his life.
This characteristic is clearly reflected in all his creative activities.
Degas liked to express the female form in a state of activity.
Ballet dancers' rehearsals and performances became his favorite subjects.
He chose a relatively unique perspective, used vivid painting techniques and superb body knowledge to reproduce their various postures very concisely.
This interest is also reflected in the series of nude women bathing and dressing up that he painted with colored chalk.
The free and flexible tool of pastel gives full play to his modeling skills. The easy and accurate lines and simple and classy tones harmoniously cooperate with each other to create these charming small paintings.
(2) Representative works:
"Absinthe" (1876)
2. Rodin, the impressionist painter's partner
(1) Introduction to famous artists:
Auguste Rodin (1840--1917).
He was a master who revitalized and developed the art of sculpture. No one in the West could compare with him at that time.
It seems inappropriate to say that Rodin was an Impressionist.
However, as a contemporary of the Impressionist painters, he has similarities with these painters in opposing obsolete rules, pursuing free expression, emphasizing vivid feelings, and striving for flowing effects.
From his early years, Rodin was deeply disgusted with the creative principles and ideals of the academy.
"The Bronze Age" (1875--1876) shocked the sculpture world that advocates classical idealization with its vivid feeling and strong reality. Some people actually accused him of casting this work directly from living people. .
As a true sculptor, Rodin always paid attention to people, but he did not focus on the human body, but was more concerned about the human soul, human emotions, human destiny and human beings. power.
This attitude continued throughout his creative life.
(2) Representative works:
"The Thinker" (1880)
Post-Impressionist Painter
1: Paul S. Shang
(1) Famous introduction:
Paul Cezanne (1839--1906) is an important figure in post-impressionism, and the impressionists focus on depicting the fleeting moment. Contrary to the intention of losing visual experience, he tried to achieve a new solid structure and strived for a highly rational synthesis of what he saw.
It is in this sense that the art of the 20th century is often considered to "begin with Cézanne".
He became a pioneer of Cubism and a pioneer of various rationalized abstract arts in the 20th century.
However, Cezanne's paintings still retain the classical concept of form. Therefore, strictly speaking, he is just a key to modern art.
(2) Representative works:
"The Card Players" (1890--1892), "Monte Saint-Victoire" (about 1904--1906)
p>2. Paul Gauguin
(1) Famous introduction:
Paul Gauguin (1848--1903) had a much richer personal experience Picked.
His hatred of Western civilization triggered his rebellion against Western tradition. Later, he became tired of the Bohemian life and finally came to the South Pacific.
Gauguin's lifelong efforts were almost all to get rid of the powerful traditions of classical, Renaissance, realism and so on. He advocated the abstraction of painting, that is, the characteristics of comprehensive generalization, and was always thinking about form and color. abstract meaning of lines and lines.
(2) Representative works:
"Visions after the Sermon" (1888)
3. Vincent van Gogh
< p> (1) Introduction to famous artists:Vincent van Gogh (1850--1890).
He was a devout Christian, socially conscious, and concerned about the oppressed.
His abundant energy and strong enthusiasm are not only reflected in art, but also in all aspects of his life.
His art matured in the mid-1880s, when he got acquainted with Toulouse-Lautrec, Gauguin, Bernard, Pissarro, Seurat and Signac.
The things he painted, even daily objects, had strong personal characteristics. Whether he painted the ward of the mental hospital where he lived, a chair, a pair of shoes, or himself, they were all unique. A vivid "portrait".
(2) Representative works:
"Sunflower" (1888), "Starry Night" (1889).
Neo-Impressionism Art
1: Georges Seurat
(1) Introduction to famous artists:
Georges Seurat (Gees Seurat, 1859--1891) was an advocate of Neo-Impressionism.
The brush strokes he used were small round dots, so people called him a pointillist painter.
Seurat devoted himself to the study of works on color science, trying to synthesize feelings into rational analysis and turn them into scientific expressions.
His paintings are large in size, and although they are few in number, they are important because these carefully designed works show a focus on geometry and formal structural elements, and foreshadowed the abstract artists of the 20th century. creation.
(2) Representative works:
"The Bathers of Asniel" (1883-1884)
Symbolist Painter
< p> 1: Gustave Moreau(1) Famous introduction:
Gustave Moreau (1826--1898), he is The central figure in Symbolist painting, who used symbolism more boldly than Schavanner and was not afraid to touch on the most grotesque subject matter.
He is famous for his erotic paintings depicting mythological and religious themes. Most of the female images in his paintings are coquettish and evil. The paintings are full of conflicts between the opposite sex, riddles of life and death, and the implication of good and evil.
His creations combine Italian classical art with exotic oriental art, which owes much to literature, especially poetry.
His works also attracted the attention of literary scholars.
(2) Representative works:
"Salome Dancing before King Herod" (1876)