He Jiahuai is from Yiwu, Zhejiang. ** * party member. After 1932, he joined the Chinese Left-wing Writers' Union in Shanghai, and later taught in the military command organs of the Kuomintang and Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, engaged in translation work. 1949, he taught in Marxism-Leninism College, Fu Jen Catholic University and yenching university, and then went to northern Anhui to participate in land reform. 193 1 year published works. 1952 Join the Chinese Writers Association.

Chinese name: He Jiahuai.

Alias: pen name Yongxiu, crane

Nationality: China.

Place of birth: Yiwu, Zhejiang Province

Date of birth:1911August 2 1.

Date of death: 1969

Occupation: writer

Graduate school: Jinan University, Shanghai

Representative works: warm taste, nostalgic collection, etc.

Party member, China.

outline

He Jiahuai (1911-1969) took the pen names Yongxiu and Xianhe. Yiwu county, Zhejiang province. People from Yiwu, Zhejiang. After graduating from high school, he entered the undergraduate department of China College in Shanghai and transferred to Jinan University in Shanghai. /kloc-published his works in 0/929, and 1932 joined the League of Chinese Left-wing Writers. The novel style at this time is simple and natural. 1934, joined the China * * * production party. On the eve of the dissolution of the "Left League", he was responsible for the propaganda work of the "Left League". /kloc-in the winter of 0/948, it entered the liberated area via Hong Kong and Wuhan. 1949 to Beijing. 1Before August, 964, I had been teaching in Marxism-Leninism College (Central Senior Party School). Once transferred to China Academy of Social Sciences Institute of Literature and Art, deputy head of the modern literature group and head of the contemporary literature group. Mainly engaged in literary research. 1958 gave lectures in Poland, the Soviet Union and other countries. 1964 transferred to the Chinese Department and Party Committee of Jinan University in Guangzhou. Persecuted during the Cultural Revolution.

Catalogue of works

Personal work

Warm Taste (Collection of Short Stories) 1933, good friend.

Nostalgia Collection (Prose Collection) 1935, Tianma

Cold Night Collection (Short Stories Collection) 1937, Beixin

Bamboo Shirt (Collection of Short Stories) 1937, Shanghai Liming Bookstore.

Daoliang Collection (Prose Collection) 1937, Beixin

Wen Yuan Smoke Collection (Prose Collection) 1942

Inch heart collection (prose collection) 1953, new literature and art

Nianji (Literary Criticism Collection) 1955, by writer.

New stories 1957, new literature and art

Basic knowledge of composition and speech 1958, new knowledge

Speech on Luxun's Works 1959, Changjiang River

European Essay 1959, Zhongqing

Haidian set (literary criticism set) 1959, writer.

Translated bibliography

American Fox's Novels and People (Literary Theory), 1938, Life; The second edition was renamed novel and man, 1950 triple.

On Russian writer Sulianjianov and others, 195 1, New Literature and Art

The man who built Stalingrad (novel) Ivanov of the Soviet Union waited, 1950, Sanlian; Reprinted 1954, Zhongqing

Morici's collection of short stories, written by Hungarian morici, co-translated with others, 1955, writer.

Seven coppers by Hungarian morici (novel), translated by Ling Shan, 1958, Humanities.

The life of the character

Juvenile period

1911August 2 1 day, He Jiahuai was born in Huaidetang, Hemache Village. After my mother died in March, I often stayed at my grandmother's house in Tangxia. 19 18 entered the Chouchuan Primary School in Yiwu, and his Chinese is very good. Principal Fang Zhiqing often praises him in front of teachers and students. Once a teacher refused to accept and asked, "I heard that the ancients could read all the lines at once." How do you compare with home? " Mr. Fang stroked his beard and said with a smile, "Three lines at a time."

Revolutionary period

1924, He Jiahuai was admitted to Jinhua Provincial No.7 Middle School. During this period, he read a lot of progressive books and periodicals, and had close contacts with progressive classmate Qian Jiaju and Fang Yuanyong, who appeared in party member. He fell madly in love with literature, and together with his classmate Xu Zhuanpeng, he organized a literary society, Rose Club, and published a weekly magazine. 1926 On the Double Ninth Festival, he and Fang Chengshun went to the Caocun Temple Fair in Yiwu to distribute leaflets against imperialism, feudalism, warlords and local tyrants. /kloc-at the beginning of 0/927, the Northern Expeditionary Army recovered Jinhua and took part in the work of the Federation of Trade Unions. 1930, He Jiahuai graduated from Provincial No.7 Middle School and was admitted to the undergraduate department of China University. He studied in the Department of Political Economy and the Department of China Literature. In the spring of the following year, he initiated and organized Bai Hong Literature and Art Society, and hired six tutors, including Xu Zhimo, Zheng Zhenduo, Zhao, Shen Congwen and Shao. Members include Wang Yixin, Liu Yu, Sun Jiaxun who wrote poems, and Fu Runhua who wrote literary criticism articles. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/932, he transferred to the Foreign Languages Department of Jinan University and continued to write novels after school. This winter, he is going to publish a collection of short stories "Ambiguity" in Liangyou Book Printing Company. At that time, when the Kuomintang Shanghai Municipal Government and the Shanghai Party Department were creating white terror, they tried to blacklist all the progressive college students and middle school students in Shanghai and catch them all. At this time, although Lu Xun and He Jiahuai didn't know each other and never wrote to each other, Lu Xun informed He Jiahuai to move to the Shanghai Concession through Zhao Jiabi, editor of Liangyou Book Printing Company. In this way, He Jiahuai was spared from falling into the hands of Kuomintang spies.

Join the couplet on the left

/kloc-0 In the spring of 933, He Jiahuai studied in the Foreign Languages Department of Jinan University. At that time, Sun Shiling, Chen, Lei Splasp, Tan Lintong and others in the "Left Alliance" group of Jinan University saw that he had certain creative ability and decided to recruit him to join the "Left Alliance". According to Yin Geng's recollection, during his tenure as the organizing committee member of Zhabei Branch of the Left Alliance, Yin Geng went to Jinan University in the spring of 1933 to talk with Comrade He Jiahuai several times, and then introduced him to join the Left Alliance. He Jiahuai said in his resume that he was introduced to the "Left Alliance" by Zhou Wen. In less than a year, He Jiahuai introduced Zhang Tianxu, Ma, Lao Tong, Li, Jason Wu and other young writers to join the "Left Alliance".

He Jiahuai is a senior majoring in English in Jinan University. Considering that he would attract the attention of "vocational school students", the "Left-wing" group soon let him leave the school and arranged for him to participate in the work of the "Left-wing" creative research committee together with Ouyang Shan, Yang Sao, Mu. Together with them, He Jiahuai is responsible for commenting on the works of members of the "Left Alliance", recommending and publishing the good ones, and proposing amendments to the bad ones. In addition, he also participated in the work of the "Left-wing" Novel Creation Committee and the Popular Literature and Art Committee, and served as the director of the Popular Literature and Art Committee to discuss how to strengthen the ties between workers and peasants and how to train workers and peasants correspondents and writers.

Join the * * * Party

1April, 934, He Jiahuai was introduced by Zhou Wen and Peng Bingshan to join the China * * * production party, and Zhou Yang took the oath. In the autumn of the same year, he served as the organization minister of the "Left League". At this point, Wang Shuming served as Minister of Propaganda. In this way, he, Wang Shuming, formed the "Left-wing" administrative leading group. Soon, he served as the secretary of Zhabei District Committee of the "Left League", leading the writers of the "Left League" to edit publications, write articles and participate in the workers' movement. On September 18 of this year, a massive "September 18th" commemorative parade was held in Shanghai, with He Jiahuai as the leader, calm, firm and fearless.

1936 Spring, after the dissolution of the "Left League", the revolutionary literary and art circles set out to establish a new United front organization. He Jiahuai, Mao Dun, Wang, Wang, Wang, Wang and other 34 people called for the establishment of China Writers and Artists Association as sponsors. On June 7th, China Writers and Artists Association held its inaugural meeting. He Jiahuai, Mao Dun, Yu Dafu, Hong Shen and others 1 10 signed up for this association and were elected as alternate directors. /kloc-in June of 0/5, he and 63 people including Lu Xun, Ba Jin, Cao Yu and Wu Zuxiang jointly published the Declaration of China Writers and Artists.

Turn southwest

1On August 3rd, 937, Japanese troops invaded Songhu. He Jiahuai joined the Field Service Corps led by Qian and Du. In the winter of the same year, the regiment was evacuated to Jinhua via western Zhejiang and stayed for several months to work hard for the rise of the anti-Japanese national salvation movement. The following year, he was sent by China * * * Production Party, and under the direct leadership of Zhongnan Bureau with Zhou Enlai as the secretary, he moved to the southwest and was ordered to do anti-Japanese propaganda and United front work in the Kuomintang army. At first, he served as the editorial unit chief of the Field Service Team of the Eighth Army Command of the Kuomintang, and later served as the secretary of the General Command of the Fourth Theater, with Zhang Fakui as the commander. He edited the Collection of General Zhang Fakui's Anti-Japanese Speeches. 1in the spring of 946, Kuomintang military police agents tried to arrest him. Under the cover of Zhang, he sneaked back to his hometown Yiwu from Guangzhou with his wife and belt in the name of "demobilization" and lived in a greenhouse as a translator. In the meantime, Chen Wangdao came to our house. In the second half of the year, I taught in Yiting Dacheng Middle School. In the early winter of this year, He Jiahuai had a recurrence of gastric ulcer, vomited a lot of blood, and his life was dying, but he had no money for treatment. I had to ask someone to put a notice in Wen Wei Po and ask the outside world for help. After reading the notice in Wen Wei Po, Zhou Enlai was very concerned. He personally sent someone to send money to Wen Wei Po. Why did he care about his family?

after liberation

1948, He Jiahuai, a teacher at Dajiang Middle School in Pudong, entered Jianghan Liberated Area via Hong Kong and Wuhan. 1949 arrived in Beijing in April. Since May, he has been engaged in Chinese teaching in Marxism-Leninism College (later renamed the Senior Party School directly under the Central Committee) and served as the deputy director and director of the Chinese teaching and research section. In July, he attended the first National Congress of Literary and Art Workers and the inaugural meeting of the All-China Writers Association (later renamed the Chinese Writers Association) and was elected as an alternate member of the National Committee of the Association. /kloc-0 visited Italy, France and Switzerland with the China cultural delegation in April, 1956. 1957 1 1 to 1960 was transferred to the Institute of Literature of China Academy of Sciences in February, and has served as a researcher, acting group leader and deputy group leader of the Modern Literature Group. 1958 September, giving lectures at Polish Academy of Sciences and Moscow University. 1964 was transferred to Guangzhou in September, and served as the director of China Literature Department of Jinan University, member of the Party Committee of Jinan University, and vice chairman of Guangdong Federation of Literary and Art Circles. 1966 In the early summer, he was criticized as a "dark figure in literature and art in the 1930s". Since then, persecution has intensified. 1969 February died of cerebral hemorrhage in prison at the age of 59. 1978 rehabilitated.

Introduction of works

Basic introduction

He Jiahuai loved writing when he was studying in middle school, and sometimes his exercises were published in student magazines. 65438-0929 During my study in No.7 Middle School, I co-edited Floating Life Monthly with my classmates Wang Yixin, Cao Baichuan, Hu Bu and Zhao Jian. During my college years, I published poems, novels and essays in New Moon, Novel Monthly, Oriental Magazine and Shenbao. During the "Left-wing League" period, I participated in the editing of the supplement of Damei Daily, Current Affairs News, Guangqing and Weekly Literature. 1June 936 to1June 937, 10, edited by Guangming. From 1932 to 1937, He Jiahuai insisted on writing, and successively published short story collections: Evil deeds, Ambiguity, Bamboo Shirt, Cold Night, prose collections, Nostalgia Collection and Rice Beam Collection. In the 1940 s, he published a collection of essays, Smoke Collection. After liberation, there were prose collections: European Essays, Inch-hearted Essays, Literary Criticism Collection, New Stories and Others, Haidian Collection and Lu Xun's Works Speech. His translations include novels and people, people's construction of Stalingrad, and Russian writers.

His early works, such as Evil, Ambiguity and Bamboo Shirt, were all created before He Jiahuai joined the Left Alliance. These novels are either based on the author's past life experience in his hometown or describe the love life of young students. Evil deeds includes two short stories, Evil deeds and Dinner. Among them, Evil Behavior reflects the emotional disharmony between a couple in a feudal family and exposes the disadvantages of the child bride system from one side. Dinner tells the story of an extramarital affair.

Ambiguous

The eight novels included in Ambiguous can be divided into two categories: one is family tragedy, such as the tragedy that my wife left because I doubted her virginity. The protagonist in this paper is based on the poet Xu Zhimo, and this novel is He Jiahuai's famous work. The other is the love stories of young men and women, such as Lake and Shorty. After the publication of Ambiguity, playwright Hong Shen once published an article on He Jiahuai's Ambiguity, arguing that these novels "can tell the author's interpretation of life, just like most young bourgeois women in modern times, which is just an empty hatred, and the social environment in today's era is just an' ugly reality' that makes him shudder". The "cry of despair" revealed in his works is "not the cry of any one, but the cry of every young bourgeois writer of his time." Later, Zhao also published an article "On He Jiahuai's Novels" in Reading Monthly.

Bamboo shirt

Bamboo Shirt contains five novels. By describing the embarrassing life of Bai Shu in his later years, Bai Shu reflects the cold and warm feelings and the cold world in the old society. Dong Xiao reflects the bitter life of a newsboy. At the end of the article, the author said sadly, "He is so good, he understands the pain in the world so early, and his body is so weak, which is really cruel." Strongly criticized the old society. In the postscript of Bamboo Shirt, the author said: "It's really not easy to create, and sometimes I'm really embarrassed about my ability. The world is in a period of great change, especially in China. I hope to grasp the center of change and write more practical articles in the future. " This reveals the information of the author's creative transformation.

A cold night

Most of the works in Cold Night were created after he joined the Left Alliance. "Smile" and "Difficult to Walk" describe the dilapidated scene of the countryside and reflect the tragic situation of farmers' lives; Splashing water reveals the destruction of the feudal child bride's bad habits to the spiritual world of young women. Homecoming and Rainy Day reflect the disappointment and frustration of intellectuals at that time and their eager desire for a better future.

homesickness

1September, 935, Shanghai Tianma Bookstore published He Jiahuai's first collection of essays, Homesickness Collection. Some of the seven essays in the book express their mourning for their mother (mother) who died young after years of hard work. Some write about the hardships of their early life ("the first night of insomnia"); Some write about the ideological contradictions and differences (farewell) between the authors who participated in the revolution and their conservative parents, which more reflect the poor life of the working people. Homesickness tells the tragic life of a poor woman and her children next door who live near Tiantong Road Station around 1932. Mute describes a poor farmer who helped his family when he was a teenager. A dream of three thousand miles at midnight describes a farmer's nostalgia for his dead wife. In these works, the author is full of deep sympathy for the suffering working people.

Mi Yu Liang shou Cang

1937, He Jiahuai published his second collection of essays, Daoliang Collection, in Beixin Bookstore. There are 10 essays in the book, and many chapters reflect the bitter experience of the working people: the cloth dealer in "The Cloth Dealer" sends out waves of melancholy and sadness because he can't make money; The old ferryman in Wild Ferry is lonely and miserable. On the Bridge reflects the miserable life of slum dwellers. "Good News" is a satirical sketch, which exposes the dissolute and shameless nature of a Kuomintang legislator.

Smoke collection

In the 1940s, due to the needs of revolutionary struggle, He Jiahuai gradually changed from writing novels and essays to writing essays and short comments. During his anti-Japanese propaganda and United front work in the Kuomintang army, he constantly published combative articles in progressive publications such as Weeds and Literary Youth. He regards writing as a battle and seizes every opportunity to publicize progressive ideas. Even though his foot was injured once, he didn't stop writing when he was recovering in the cave. He once compiled the articles published in this period into a collection called Smoke Collection.

Free world

After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, He Jiahuai participated in the establishment of a free world in Guangzhou, and wrote an article exposing the plot of American imperialism to plan China's civil war. After the founding of New China, He Jiahuai continued to write critical articles and made positive contributions to the prosperity of the socialist cause, although he spent most of his time working in the Central Party School and universities.