First, the origin of surnames

Jing (Jǐng) surname comes from four aspects:

1, from Michaelis, from the descendants of Dr. Chu Jingjing, named after the city. During the Warring States Period, the six surnames of the Chu royal family-Qu, Jing, Zhao, Huai, Tian and Wu-were all food city names of the descendants of the Chu royal family, and their descendants took them as surnames. According to Yuan He Shi Bian, the surname of Jing is the surname of Doctor Jing of Chu. According to legend, Jing Ke was an aristocrat of Chu. He became a doctor when he became an official. In order to commemorate him, later generations took his name as their surname and became the first batch of Beijing surnames.

2. It's from Chiang Kai-shek and takes posthumous title as his surname. During the Warring States Period, the monarch of the State of Qi died, and posthumous title was famous for its scenery and history. His descendants, taking posthumous title as their surname, are also famous.

3. From changing one's surname or following one's surname. For example, according to the Ming History, the original name of the imperial historian in the Ming Dynasty was Geng, and later his surname was Jing.

4. Jing's surname comes from ethnic minorities. Manchu, Korean, Achang and Dai all have the surname of Jing.

Ancestor: Jingcha. According to Yuan He Shi Bian, Jing's surname originated from Mi's surname, and Jing Ke, the Duke of Chu, was the ancestor of the surname. He was an aristocrat in Chu, became a doctor after becoming an official, and was also a figure who could occupy a place in the history of China. His ci and fu can be as famous as Qu Yuan and Song Yu. In order to commemorate it, his descendants took his name as their surname and became the first people with the surname Jing. Jing's family was 1000 years ago, and mainly propagated in Haotian Temple and Huayang. Guhaotian Temple is located in Haotian Temple Village in the east of Ganxian County, Shanxi Province, and Huayang is located in the east of Biyang County, Shanxi Province. Noble families lived in Jinyang County (now Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province). Therefore, the descendants of Jing family all regard Jing Ke as the ancestor of Jing surname.

Second, migration distribution.

In Taiwan Province Province, Jing is not among the top 100. In the heyday of the Han Dynasty, Jing migrated from Chu, lived in Guanzhong and settled in Shaanxi (Shaanxi County, Henan Province). To the Jin Dynasty, clan branches and footprints were printed in Shaanxi, Fujian, Jiangsu, Hubei and other places. Yunyang Jingshi's ancestors were Jing, Jinshi Ji, and the official granted Changzhou Wujin Order, when the Sui and Tang Dynasties were in war. His fifth ancestor Shen Gong lived in Qingzhou (Shaanxi Province) and Zhenning (Qingyang, Gansu Province). When Jing arrived in Jiangnan, he took his two sons, Jane and Gu, to Wujin yamen. After Zhang's death, his two sons, Jing Ke and Jing Wei, were forced to travel long distances and could not return to their hometown. Tang Jinglong lived in Tang Xingli, Liu Zhe Town, Danyang for three years (709). Because there are five Dan wells in the village, later generations knock on them, and the melody of "Gong, Shang, Jiao, Qian and Yu" is issued respectively. Its sound is crisp and recognizable, and the village name is Jia (Jia) Well. Thus, Jing Jian and Jing Wei were honored as the ancestors of Danyang's respectful surname. Since the Jing nationality settled in Danyang, it has lasted for more than 1000 years, and it is subdivided into one to seven according to clan branches. In the seventh grade, the branch of 12 was assigned, with walls and mysterious branches. It is expected that the branchlets are mainly big branches, and the branchlets are attached to the big branches, forming a flourishing situation. Shi Jing people live in Jingjiadu in the palace, Dajingjia and Jingxiang in Hengtang, Jingjia Village in Jiangshu, Liu Zhe, Douzhuang and Yunyang, as well as in situ Village, Xu Xiang, Jiegou, Wanmu Pond, Xinmiaotou, Zhangjiacun, Duanzhuang, Dashanggeng, South Si Qian, Chang 'an Bridge, Baitali and Shengshu Bridge. (omitted)

Third, historical celebrities.

Jingyang: General Chu in the Warring States Period. Qi Weihan attacked Yan, which made the prince ask Chu for help, and the king of Chu ordered Jingyang to save Yan. Jingyang moved to attack Weiqiu instead of Yan State for fear of the Song Kingdom, but the soldiers stopped, and Yan State breathed a sigh of relief. Jingyang's strategy is contained in the Warring States Policy.

Single crystal, a native of Liyang (now Lintong, Shaanxi), was listed as the "Twenty Generals" of Yuntai when Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty revived. Can be literate and martial, but good at learning. He is also very resourceful. He defeated Wang Lang and others for the handover of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, and defeated Liyang No.5 School together with haing s ngor and others. He made outstanding achievements and was named Hou of Oak Yang. It is said that at the time of sealing Hou, Emperor Guangwu once said to him, "Richness is like a night trip to my hometown, so my ears are sealed." Visible GuangWuDi esteem.

Jing Huan: a native of Northern Song Dynasty, Zeng Guanbi, county magistrate of Baishi County. In his early years, he specialized in calligraphy and painting, and he once forgot to make friends with Academician Ouyang Jiong. One day, they rode to Yingtian Temple together. Draw a picture of the king of the day on the right wall opposite the statue of the king of heaven on the left. The Bohai Sea is on the side, watching the escape of the painting, write a song to remember it. Later, Meng Gui, a monk who was good at cursive writing, came to this temple again, and people asked him to write an inscription on the gallery wall. Painting and calligraphy can be sung in one day. The whole city rushed to watch. There were many people in the temple, and the road was blocked for some time. Chengdu people call this "three wonders of heaven". He is the author of "The Savage's Cold Words" and "Pastoral Chat".

Jing: Hangchuan (892-947) was born in Shaanxi and Shaanxi after the Five Dynasties. When the high-impedance was exhausted, the officials of the "Ma bu" or horse stance just look gave the order. As soon as the emperor was established, the minister told the Khitan to express his obedience and refused to go it alone. Instead, he wrote to Sun, and the Khitan counted on gold. He said to the Khitan emissary, "Jin has 100,000 swords. If Weng wants to fight, he will come, and his grandson will play the world one day." Later, when the Khitan invaded, Yan Guang refused to go out, only to find that he was from Yinan, riding horses in the north and taking care of his family, but he failed to make a decision and was arrested. But he would rather die than surrender, and finally committed suicide and died for his country. At the age of 55.

Jing Tingbin:No. Shang Qing (186 1- 1902), the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Qing Dynasty, was a native of Guangzong, Zhili (now Hebei). After the Boxer Rebellion failed, he led the peasants in his hometown to continue the anti-imperialist struggle, and the people nearby responded in succession. In Xiatou Temple in Julu County, he claimed to be "Grand Marshal of Dragon Regiment" and put up the banner of "officials forcing people to rebel" and "sweeping foreign countries". The rebel army took gold, wood, water, fire, earth and Chinese characters as its camp. There were only two or three thousand people at first. After entering Jianzhi Village in Guangzong County in April, people from all over the country responded one after another, and the team quickly expanded to 30,000 to 40,000 people. After the failure of the uprising, he was captured and sacrificed.

Jing Younan: Formerly known as Zhao Yan, later renamed Changji, with the word Nan. Taizhou, Jiangsu province He has been engaged in education all his life, and has written essays on philosophy, new philosophy, new philosophy of morality and new exploration of name and reason. His translated works include Plato's Dialogues and Winkside's Principles of Literary Criticism.

In addition, there are famous people on the scene: during the Warring States period, there were generals Cui Jing and Jingyang in Chu; At the end of Qin Dynasty, Chen Sheng revolted and made his descendants king of Chu. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a scholar named Jing Luan. In the Five Dynasties, a Ma Junwei commanded Jing Yan Guang. In the latter Zhou Dynasty, there was a prime minister, Fan Jing; In the Ming Dynasty, there were Jing Qing, an ancient imperial scholar, and Jing Fang, a calligrapher and scholar, in the Qing Dynasty.

Fourth, the county hall number

Wang Jun 1

Jinyang County: Jinyang County is located in Qin State, and Jinyang County is located in the capital of Zhao State. It was soon renamed Taiyuan County, which belongs to Taiyuan County and is now Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, Taiyuan was established here, and Jinyang was the capital of Taiyuan. Soon, it merged with Bingzhou. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Bingzhou was withdrawn and belonged to Jizhou, which was divided into Hengshan and Xihe counties.

2. Hall number (missing)

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General couplets of Jing ancestral hall

Four-character couplet of Jingshi Ancestral Hall

Originated in the Spring and Autumn Period;

Look out of Jinyang.

-anonymous writing jingshi ancestral hall Federation

Quanlian Hall refers to the origin and county outlook of Jing surname. (See the introduction of the titles "I. Origin of Surnames" and "IV. County Pavilion Number")

Cold words on the tablet;

Zhucloud.

The first pair of couplets refers to Jing Huan, a native of the Northern Song Dynasty, who wrote The Wild Man's Cold Words. During Gander's reign, a stone tablet was set up in North Korea, engraved with the words in "Cold Words of Savages": "Your salary is high, and the people are fat. The people abuse the easy, but God bullies the difficult. " Second, Sun Qing, a native of Liyang in the Eastern Han Dynasty, entered Chang 'an as a teenager. When Wang Mang was a student, he was given four subjects, and he took the position of Gu Dehou as an official. Liu Xiu appointed him a partial general, defeated Wang Lang's department, and made him the Hou of Liyang during the Jianwu period. The image was painted in Yuntai Pavilion.

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Six-character couplet of Jingshi Ancestral Hall

Han family general office;

Imperial history of Ming dynasty.

-anonymous writing jingshi ancestral hall Federation

The first couplet refers to Hou of East Liyang, whose real name is Liyang. When Wang Mang raised four subjects, he was Hou Xiang of Gu De. When Han Dang was a general, he was regarded as a partial general. The second couplet refers to Jing Qing, a scholar of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, who was authorized to edit and modify the Imperial History. At the beginning of Wen Jian, he was an official and an ancient doctor. Yanshi people. Fang Qing Xiaoru is equivalent to martyrdom.

Painting and calligraphy experts in Qing dynasty;

A famous writer of Ci and Fu in the Warring States Period.

-anonymous writing jingshi ancestral hall Federation

Couplets refer to Qing Dynasty painter Jing Liangzeng, whose names are Akita and Qiantang. No, Dong Mei, an old man, studied calligraphy and painting, flowers and calligraphy in Nantian. The second couplet refers to the poor situation of Chu ci-fu writers in the Warring States period, after Qu Yuan and at the same time as Song Yu. Historical Records said that he was "famous for his kind words."

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General couplet of more than seven words in Jinggong Temple

Clear the ocean, known as the marshal's dragon regiment;

Sharpen the sword and fight, and fight the "ma bu" or horse stance just look.

-anonymous writing jingshi ancestral hall Federation

Couplets refer to Jing Tingbin, the leader of the peasant army in Zhili (now Hebei Province) in the late Qing Dynasty, and Guangzong in Zhili (now Hebei Province). 190 1 year (in the 27th year of Guangxu), led the Guangzong people to continue their anti-imperialist struggle after the failure of the Boxer Rebellion. 1March, 902, the banner of "clearing the ocean" was erected, and he was called Grand Marshal of the Dragon Regiment. People in the border areas of Zhi, Lu and Yu provinces responded in succession, and the number of insurgents grew to160,000. In May, Yuan Shikai's Qing army fought with 6,000 invaders from Germany, Japan and France, was defeated and captured, and died in Wei County in July. The second couplet refers to Jing, the last general of the Five Dynasties, who was born in Hangchuan and Shanzhou (now Shanxian County, Hebei Province). When Emperor Gaozu was tired, the soldiers and horses were in command. Later, when he was in office, he opposed Qidan's self-proclaimed "minister" and told Qidan: "There are 100,000 swords in the Jin Dynasty, and Weng (referring to Lord Qidan) is going to fight early!"

Light moves the stars, an unparalleled festival throughout the ages;

Leave the stone in the county and city, and there will be no more proverbs in the future.

-anonymous writing jingshi ancestral hall Federation

The first part of this book tells the story of Jing Qing. The second couplet refers to the Chronicle of Jinghuan in the Northern Song Dynasty.

No tile, better jade, fragrant surname;

Poetry interpretation is easy to compile and say, and its merit lies in classics.

-anonymous writing jingshi ancestral hall Federation

This couplet is a story about Hao Jing, a famous person in Zhou Dynasty. The second couplet refers to Jing Luan, a Confucian scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty, whose name is Hanbo and whose name is Zitong. I study the classics less with my teacher, set foot in the land of seven States, and then study the classics. My work has more than 500,000 words.

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Appendix: Interesting Scenery and Allusions

Merits recommended by Jing Jian.

Jing Ke was born in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. According to historical records, "the surnames of Jane and Jing are also Chu."

When Qin Xiaogong, king of Qin, ascended the throne, the status of Qin was still very low, and the vassal states looked down upon it. Qin Xiaogong is very uneasy about this situation and is determined to work hard to make the country stronger. Ordered to seek talents, whether locals or outsiders, whoever has a good way to make Qin rich and strong, will be named a big official and rewarded with land. After the imperial edict was issued, it aroused strong repercussions. A young man in the state of Wei, after learning the news, hurried to the state of Qin. This man is Shang Yang.

When Shang Yang arrived in the State of Qin, he told Qin Xiaogong's favourite, Jing Ke, and won the trust of Jing Ke, so Jing Ke strongly recommended him.

Qin Xiaogong, who was thirsty for talents, heard Jing Ke's strong recommendation and immediately summoned Shang Yang, but Shang Yang talked about the rise of five emperors, and Qin Xiaogong was sleepy. After Shang Yang finished, Qin Xiaogong opened his eyes and was not interested in what Shang Yang said.

After Shang Yang left, Qin Xiaogong was very angry. He lost his temper with Jing Jian and said, "What you recommended is a pedantic and dull person." JingJian heart uncomfortable. At this time, Shang Yang begged Jing Jian to introduce him, and Jing Jian had to agree.

Five days later, Qin Xiaogong summoned Shang Yang again and held a glimmer of hope for Shang Yang. This time, Shang Yang talked about a whole set of Three Wang Zhidao. Qin Xiaogong dislikes it more and more. Although he read it patiently, he was angry again. Qin Xiaogong complained about JingJian, JingJian more angry.

Shang Yang sought audience with Xiao Gong for the third time. Despite his misgivings, Jing Ke did it for the future of his country. This time, Shang Yang told the history of the rise of the Five Powers, preached the skills of rich Qiang Bing to Xiao Gong, and explained the importance of political reform and innovation. This time, Qin Xiaogong became more and more interested in hegemonic ways. They talked for a few days. Filial piety is tireless, but he is full of energy and enthusiasm. So he reformed in the way of Shang Yang.

Through this political reform, Qin gradually developed into the most prosperous country at that time, and made political preparations for reunifying the whole country in the future. Shang Yang's contribution is indispensable, but Jing Jian's recommendation is often talked about.

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Jing Li went to the State of Qin.

Chu Huaiwang Prime Minister Jing Li is an outstanding strategist and diplomat.

The King of Chu once sent Jing Li to the State of Qin. Someone said to the King of Qin, "Jing Li is the favorite minister of the King of Chu. Arrest him and exchange him for the land of Chu. If the king of Chu agrees, then we can get the land without the army; If the King of Chu doesn't agree, we will kill Jing Li and then deal with those who are less talented than Jing Li. This is a plan to kill two birds with one stone. " The king of Qin detained Jing Li.

Jing Li said to the king of Qin: "I foresee that the king's power will be despised by the whole world, and land is impossible to get." Just about to go out, I heard that Qi Wei was going to cede territory to serve the king of Qin. Why is this happening? Because Qin and Chu are brothers. Now the king has detained me just to let the princes of the world know that Qin has broken diplomatic relations with Chu. How can Qi and Wei respect an isolated country? When Chu knew that Qin was isolated, it would not only send land, but also make friends with the princes outside to plot Qin, so the world of Qin was in danger. "After listening to Jing Li, the king of Qin quickly released Jing Li and treated him as a guest.

Jing Li went to the State of Qin again. Jing Li, the King of Qin and Wang Wei discussed the unity of the border region. The king of Chu was very angry at discussing the alliance with the state of Qin without authorization. Someone said to the king of Chu, "Wei asked not to unite with Chu, but only with Qin, so he discussed the issue of reunification with us." As for the Zhou royal family, you are very happy to unite Qin and Wei, but Qi is under illusion, so you are not United. Hearing this, the king of Chu realized that he was wrong about Jing carp.

Jing Li was also ordered to be sent to South Korea. With his wisdom and loyalty to the country, he successfully completed his mission and was rewarded by the King of Chu.