First, it came from Qi's family and fell after Yan Emperor Yao Tao. According to legend, Qi is one of the common surnames of the descendants of the Yellow Emperor. Later, the surname Qi was sealed to Liu Guo, which is now Tangxian County in Dingzhou. His grandson took the country as his surname, and according to legend, his surname was Liu. Historically, Liu is authentic, and this is Liu in Shaanxi.
Second, judging from the surname Ji, there are two sources:
1. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the son of Ji Wang (great-uncle) was established in (now southwest of Yanshi, Henan Province), and later generations took the city as their surname, forming her surname Liu.
2. At the end of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Kuang's class named his youngest son Liu Kanggong, and later generations took Yi as their surname, which is another source of Liu's surname.
Three, from the change of surname or given surname, such as Liu Bangci Lou Jing, Xiang Bo for Liu. Liu Bang, the Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, practiced the policy of closeness and took Khan as his wife. According to the custom of Xiongnu, nobles all take their mother's surname, and Khan's descendants all take Liu's surname. So this surname Liu came into being. Second, according to historical records, Lou Jing, a Qi man, offered Liu Bang a plan to build a capital in Luoyang, which was reused by Liu Bang. After Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor, he was given the surname Liu, and then he kept it all the time. In order to thank Xiang Bo for saving his life at the Hongmen banquet, Liu Bang named him Liu.
Liu's Migration and Distribution
Liu's ancestral home is Tangxian County, Hebei Province, and his surname is now Shaanxi. More than 300 years BC, Liu began to spread to Henan and Jiangsu. Later, Liu Bang established the Han Dynasty and enfeoffed his descendants on a large scale. Liu is widely distributed in Tianshui, Zhongshan, Nanyang and other places. At the end of the Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms, Wei Liu in the Central Plains escaped the "Dong Zhuo Rebellion" and began to migrate in all directions, mainly to Sun Wu in the southeast and Sichuan in the southwest.
During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Liu Daju moved south, which had a great influence in Jiangnan. Since the Tang Dynasty, Liu's surname has spread all over the country. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Liu crossed the ocean to Taiwan Province, and further went overseas. Liu ranks 252nd among hundreds of surnames. By 2020, the population of Liu is about 67.78 million, accounting for 5.38% of the Han population in China.
Liu's surname is generally distributed in most areas of Heilongjiang, eastern Inner Mongolia, Hebei, northwestern Shandong and Kashgar, Xinjiang. Generally, the surname Liu accounts for more than 7% of the local population, accounting for 12. 1% of the total land area. In a large number of north and south areas east of Qinghai and west of Zhejiang, the distribution frequency of Liu's surname is 4.2%-7%, covering 88.6% of the total land area.
In Zhejiang, southern Jiangsu, most of Fujian, Taiwan Province, central Guangdong, southern Hainan, southwestern Yunnan, western Sichuan, eastern Qinghai and western Xinjiang, the distribution frequency of Liu's surname is 1.4%-4.2%, and its coverage area accounts for 21.5% of the total land area. The distribution frequency of Liu surname in other areas is 1.4%, and its coverage area accounts for 27.8% of the total land area.
Reference to the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Liu surname