Operation and maintenance engineer, the helm of server and system security and stability! When a product (such as website, APP software, online games, etc. ) officially launched, the work of product, development and testing officially ended, and the next maintenance and management work was handed over to the operation and maintenance engineer.

The main responsibility of the operation and maintenance engineer is to design the architecture of the server and manage the cloud computing platform to ensure the stable operation of the software. Without development and testing, the work is complicated and the work plan is relatively fixed. More importantly, there are no restrictions on age and education. With the growth of working years and work experience, the older you get, the more popular you are.

2, operation and maintenance engineer work site

3. What are the typical operation and maintenance cases in the 3.IT industry?

Of course, it is not just Taobao and 12306. In fact, there is a strong operation and maintenance team behind every APP you use to provide professional technical support.

Operation and maintenance engineer is an indispensable part of a product and the key to its success!

4. What is the development prospect of the operation and maintenance industry?

5. What are the development directions of the operation and maintenance post?

6. Post salary of operation and maintenance engineer

Salary 1-2 years = & gt8k ~20k.

Salary for 3-5 years = & gt20k~ 35k

Salary for more than 5 years = & GT500,000 ~ 600,000/year

7. What is the employment rate and employment salary of students in the dark horse operation and maintenance discipline?

The employment rate of each class in operation and maintenance discipline 20 19 is 93.5%, with an average salary of 8.7k and a maximum salary of 25k* 14.

Third, the operation and maintenance course

1, the first stage: Linux operation and maintenance basics: operation and maintenance history, computer overview, computer composition, core competencies that the operating system can master after learning this stage: mastering installation (CentOS7.6), configuration, basic commands, VIM editor, user management, authority management, self-owned services, process detection and control, Alibaba Cloud platform management, and online deployment of open source CMS projects.

Linux operating system: Linux system overview, virtual machine, CentOS7.6 system installation, Linux basic commands.

File management under Linux (I): file naming rules, directory management, file management, file copying and cutting, renaming, Linux file packaging and compression, file processing commands.

File management under Linux (Part II): introduction of VIM editor, differences between VI and VIM, installation and configuration of VIM, four working modes (command mode, edit mode, last line mode and visualization mode), related descriptions of VIM, VIM extended functions and VIM summary.

User management under Linux: related concepts of users and groups, user group management, user management, user password setting, user switching, and Linux user management.

Rights management under Linux: the basic concept of rights, the role of rights in production environment, Linux rights category (rwx), Linux file owner category (ugo), general rights setting (letters+numbers), file owner and group setting, advanced rights, ACL rights control, umask.

Self-owned service+software package management under Linux: overview of free service, systemctl management service command, ntp time synchronization service, firewalld firewall, crond scheduling task, device mounting and decoupling, rpm package management tool.

Linux process detection and control: the concept of process and program, process management commands (top command, free command, df command, ps command, netstat command, kill command and killall command), and process priority setting.

Alibaba Cloud platform management and development CMS project online deployment practice: cloud computing platform overview, Alibaba Cloud platform registration, login and management, project background, LAMP environment overview, YUM instruction, LAMP environment construction, open source CMS project online deployment practice.

Practical problems that can be solved after learning this stage: server deployment and architecture can be realized according to the actual project requirements of enterprises.

Market value after learning this stage: after mastering it skillfully, it can meet the market demand for junior operation and maintenance engineers, but the market employment salary is relatively low, so it is recommended to continue to study employment courses.

2. The second stage: Linux system services: Linux advanced instructions: basic command view, search command advanced search, tree command, scp file upload and download, planned task crontab+tar to achieve planned backup, advanced user management, and advanced file authority management.

Software package management under Linux: background of software package management task, overview of software package under Linux, RPM package management tools, YUM package management tools, YUM source code configuration (public YUM source code, local YUM source code, self-built YUM source code warehouse), overview of source code installation, three steps of source code installation, and actual combat of source code installation.

Linux remote management service SSH:SSH task background, SSH service overview, yum source code configuration, SSH service installation and configuration practice, public and private key concept, SSH password-free login.

Linux data synchronization RSYNC: background of RSYNC task, introduction of RSYNC, basic syntax of RSYNC, local synchronization and remote synchronization, taking RSYNC as system service, combining rsync with INOTIFY to realize real-time synchronization, and rsync hosting XINETD.

File * * * sharing services ftp, NFS, SAMBA under Linux: file * * * sharing task background, ftp service introduction, FTP working mode (active mode+passive mode), FTP service construction, client tools (FTP, lftp use), FTP access control, NFS service introduction, NFS service construction, configuration file details, NFS task background and solutions, SAMBA service introduction, etc.

DNS domain name management service: introduction of DNS service, function of DNS, construction of DNS service, forward resolution, reverse resolution, multi-domain construction, NTP time server, master-slave DNS architecture.

Build LAMP environment and deploy business application source code: LAMP task background, Web server environment preparation, software compilation and audit, MySQL compilation and installation, Apache compilation and installation, PHP compilation and installation, post-configuration and Web application system deployment.

Log management services under Linux: background of log management tasks, log viewing, log management services (summary of RSYSLOG, log list, log level, relevant symbols and configuration files), local log management of RSYSLOG, remote log management of RSYSLOG, and application practice of log management.

Linux disk management: background of disk management task, overview of disk management, detailed explanation of f disk command, overview of Linux partition, actual combat of Linux partition, introduction of logical volume, basic concepts of logical volume (PV, VG, PE, LV), actual combat of LVM application of logical volume, introduction of RAID, common levels of RAID, hard RAID, soft RAID and application practice of soft RAID.

Shell scripting: Shell overview, variables, Shell process control, Shell array, Shell function, Shell special usage, regular expression, Shell programming practice.

Database DBA:MySQL overview, MySQL5.7 installation, MySQL configuration, MySQL basic operation, SQL statement detailed explanation, MySQL index, MySQL backup and recovery, MySQL master-slave replication, MHA high-availability architecture, MySQL enterprise application actual combat.

Core competencies mastered after learning this stage:

1, understand the working principle of Linux system and realize the maintenance and management of Linux server;

2. Understand the related services of Linux system and realize enterprise operation and maintenance according to enterprise requirements.

Practical problems that can be solved after learning this stage: daily maintenance and management of enterprise Linux servers can be realized, services such as SSH, file sharing, DNS and Apache can be built, and related work such as system log analysis, Shell script programming and database DBA can be completed independently.

The market value that can be possessed after learning this stage: after mastering it skillfully, it can meet the needs of the primary level in enterprise operation and maintenance.

3. The third stage: building enterprise-level LNMP architecture and online deployment of e-commerce system with 10 million-level mall system architecture design source code: task background of 10 million-level mall system architecture design, development process of Web project, preparation of Linux server environment, overview of LNMP environment, MySQL database service construction, Nginx software service construction, PHP software service construction and online deployment of Web mall project.

Deployment and use of nginx, a large-scale WEB service software: overview of Nginx software, smooth upgrade of Nginx, detailed explanation of nginx.conf configuration file, configuration of virtual host, detailed explanation of default official module of Nginx (GZIP compression, client cache, reverse proxy, IP/ user-based access control, directory display), log management, log rotation, third-party log management software GoAccess, location block, URL rewriting, installation and configuration of third-party modules, Nginx security management, other derivative versions of Nginx (Tengine, OpenResty).

Design and implementation of WEB high-availability cluster architecture (Keepalived): design task background of web high-availability cluster architecture, single-point database migration, overview of HA high-availability cluster, introduction of Keepalived software, composition and principle of Keepalived, VRRP protocol, installation and configuration of Keepalived, Nginx service high-availability practice, keepalived extended content (non-preemptive mode, VIP split mode, unicast mode).

Design and Implementation of WEB Load Balancing Server Cluster Architecture LB (Nginx/LVS/HAProxy): the background of Web Load Balancing Server Cluster Architecture Design, why LB load balancing technology, LB load balancing architecture diagram, load balancing classification, common load balancing implementation methods, LB load balancing environment preparation, NGINX load balancing implementation, load balancing algorithm, session * * * sharing solution, and high-availability load practice; Overview of LVS, working principle of LVS, core components of LVS, three working modes of LVS (NAT mode, DR mode and TUN tunnel mode), principles and characteristics of LVS/NAT, principles and characteristics of LVS/DR, ten scheduling algorithms of LVS, deployment practice of LVS/NAT mode and deployment practice of LVS/DR mode; Overview of HAProxy, installation and deployment of HAProxy, detailed explanation of HAProxy.cfg configuration file, analysis of common problems, scheduling algorithm of HAProxy, and application practice of HAProxy load balancing.

MySAT read-write separation: MySQL read-write separation task background, purpose, common implementation methods, M-S master-slave replication, code read-write separation, MySAT read-write separation actual combat (JDK configuration, MySAT configuration file detailed explanation, read-write separation exercise, high availability exercise, database and table separation, MySAT enterprise case exercise).

NoSQL(Memcache/Redis/MongoDB): task background of non-relational database, access process of Web project, optimization scheme, introduction of caching technology, introduction of memcached, installation and deployment of memcached, use of telnet client, detailed explanation of memcached instruction, use of memcached tool, LRU failure mechanism, extended installation of PHP memcached, and cached project. Introduction of Redis, application scenario of Redis, installation of Redis source code, use of client tools, detailed explanation of Redis data structure, data persistence operation (snapshot +AOF), enterprise case (master-slave, security restriction, PHP Redis extension, session entering Redis); MongoDB task background, MongoDB installation and configuration, data structure type operation curd, MongoDB security settings, PHP extension, desktop management software, enterprise-level log statistics practice.

JAVA project architecture design practice (LNTM architecture): Java project task background, Tomcat overview, Tomcat installation and deployment, Tomcat enterprise management, host virtual host configuration, server status, application management, Nginx static and dynamic separation, Nginx+Tomcat load balancing, Maven overview, Maven project packaging, Maven project deployment.

Storage (NAS/SAN/GlusterFS/Ceph): storage overview, Linux storage layering, storage classification (DAS, NAS, SAN), storage type classification (file storage, block storage, object storage), SAN classification, iscsi implementation of IP-SAN; Distributed storage, introduction of glusterfs, raid level review, universal volume mode, glusterfs cluster, environment preparation, cluster deployment, creation of Glusterfs storage volume, client use, volume deletion, universal volume type (stripe mode, distributed mode, distributed copy mode, distributed decentralized mode), other volume types and Glusterfs distributed storage application. Understand Ceph, Ceph architecture diagram, Ceph cluster, Ceph cluster components, Ceph cluster environment preparation, Ceph cluster deployment practice, RADOS native data access, Ceph file storage, Ceph block storage, Ceph object storage, Ceph object storage +owncloud to build a cloud disk system, Ceph Dashboard (extension).

Ansible/SaltStack: background of automatic operation and maintenance tasks, understanding ansible, Ansible installation configuration, server grouping, Ansible modules (host name module, file module, replication module, yum module, service module, command and shell module, ScriYAML format pt module), script introduction, script example, script arrangement application, role introduction, role directory structure and role application case; Introduction to saltstack, saltstack installation and configuration, saltstack remote execution command, grains, pillar, configuration management file, configuration management directory, configuration management command, configuration management planning task, other commands, salt-ssh usage.

Enterprise monitoring platform (Zabbix/Prometheus): enterprise monitoring task background, monitoring purpose, mainstream open source monitoring platform, Zabbix overview, Zabbix server installation, Zabbix monitoring local and remote hosts, templates, monitoring items and application sets, graphics, triggers, alarms, Zabbix agents, active and passive monitoring, and actual deployment of Zabbix applications; Understand Prometheus, Prometheus principle architecture diagram, Prometheus monitoring installation and deployment, Prometheus monitoring remote host, remote MySQL, Grafana introduction, Grafana installation and login, Prometheus combined with Grafana to realize Linux system monitoring, CPU monitoring, MySQL monitoring, etc. Practice of Grafana alarm system.

Enterprise log analysis (ELK/Kafka): background of elk task, overview of elk, deployment of elasticsearch, basic concept of elasticsearch, basic API operation of elastic search, ES query statement, introduction of elasticsearch-head, logstash, deployment of logstash, log collection, Collecting message logs, collecting multiple log sources, introducing kibana, deploying kibana, sinicizing kibana, viewing cluster information through kibana, viewing log index collected by logstash through kibana, making visual graphics through kibana, introducing filebeat, collecting logs through filebeat, transmitting filebeat to logstash, and transferring it to Logstash.

CI/CD(Git, Gitlab, Jenkins): CI/CD task background, version control concept, Git installation, Git identity setting, Git creating local warehouse, Git temporary storage area, Git version control, Git branch management, extension: Git for WindowsGithub overview, GitHub registration, project creation, remote warehouse, secret push, branch, etc. GitLab introduction, GitLab download, installation configuration, GitLab configuration, warehouse management, continuous integration (CI), continuous delivery (CD), blue-green deployment, rolling update and gray release.

Operation and maintenance security (SSL and CA authentication/firewall /VPN/JumpServer and Teleport springboard): operation and maintenance security task background, operation and maintenance security overview, hard disk partition encryption (expansion), symmetric encryption, asymmetric encryption, digital signature, SSL and CA authentication, SSL introduction, CA authentication introduction, pose, Docker swarm), and Docker container application deployment practice.

Kubernetes(K8S) container orchestration tool: Kubernetes(K8S) container orchestration task background, understanding of container orchestration, overview of Kubernetes, Kubernetes architecture, cluster deployment mode, Kubeadm ADM deployment of Kubernetes cluster, cluster and node information, node label, namespace, workload. , pod overview, pod classification, YAML format of pod, pod resource limitation, pod scheduling, pod life cycle, pod controller, service, portal controller, kubernetes storage volume, ceph cluster deployment, ConfigMap, Secret, PV and PVC, API gateway kong, package management scheme helm2, Storage solution GlusterFS, service grid istio, monitoring solution heapster, application practice gitlab-ce, application practice jenkins, application practice kafka, application practice zookeeper application practice configuration center Apollo.

Comprehensive Case: Docker+K8S Enterprise Project Application Practice

Core competencies that can be mastered at this stage:

1, proficient in virtualization technology;

2. Master the actual combat of public cloud and private cloud architecture;

3. Skillful use of containers and container arrangement tools;

4. Familiar with the application practice of enterprise-level cloud computing technology.

Practical problems that can be solved after learning this stage:

1, which can be virtualized by KVM;

2. Be able to master the actual combat of public and private cloud server architecture;

3. Proficient in the use of wharf containers;

4. Skillfully use Kubernetes(K8S) container editing tools;

5. Be proficient in the architecture design of Docker+Kubernetes(K8S) project.

The market value of this stage: after mastering and learning skillfully, it can meet the advanced needs of Linux cloud computing architecture engineers.

5. The fifth stage: Python CMDB Operation and Maintenance Development (Devops) HTML 5: HTML 5: Introduction to HTML, detailed explanation of HTML tags, mystery of character coding, new features and common tags of HTML 5.

CSS3: Introduction of CSS, introduction method of CSS, basic selectors of CSS3:CSS attributes, box model, CSS floating, new features and common attributes of CSS3, and CSS application cases.

Bootstrap:Bootstrap environment construction, global style, web page layout, forms, pictures and auxiliary classes, web page layout, bootstrap component, CMDB background layout.

JavaScript/Ajax/jQuery: Introduction to JavaScript, grammatical basis of JavaScript, BOM model, DOM model, Ajax overview, get and post requests in Ajax, Ajax cases, jQuery framework overview, jQuery selector, jQuery events, jQuery and Ajax, and JavaScript application practice.

Python basics: Python overview, Python environment deployment, variables, identifiers and keywords, input and output, data type conversion, conditional control statements and loop statements, container types, functions and file operations.

Python advanced: object-oriented, exception handling, modules and packages, Python and MySQL application practice.

Django framework: Django framework introduction, Django model, ORM and database operation, views and templates, Django middleware.

Comprehensive project: Python+Django realizes CMDB enterprise automation operation and maintenance platform.

Core competencies that can be mastered at this stage:

1, master related technologies of Web front-end development such as HTML 5/CSS3/JavaScript;

2. Master Python operation and maintenance related modules;

3. Master Python Django framework;

4. Have certain Python operation and maintenance development ability.

Practical problems that can be solved after learning this stage:

1, with certain programming thinking, paving the way for future system architects;

2. Proficient in Python operation and maintenance related modules to realize operation and maintenance management;

3. Be able to use Python+Django to develop enterprise automation operation and maintenance platform.

Market value after learning this stage: After mastering and learning skillfully, it can meet the advanced demand of Linux operation and maintenance industry.