Substitute football was invented by the British over 100 years ago. Who invented the earliest football? Many people think it's China's Cuju.
But cuju was not the earliest. A kind of stone ball unearthed in the southwestern United States has a history of 6000 years. Much like the two games played by Native Americans today, one is to pick up the ball with the arch of the foot and see who throws it far; The other is to kick the ball far with the arch of your foot, and then run after it, the farthest distance can reach 30 kilometers.
1863, the first football association in England was established, and modern football was officially born. There were 22 people on the court, referees, fixed rules, venues, game time, goals and even the net.
Formal modern football was put forward, practiced and popularized by many British people. As for who originally came up with it, it's a mystery!
The earliest football played by the British is called "invention" because modern football has made too many breakthroughs in content compared with various similar football games in the past. This breakthrough is a profound revolution. There is a fixed competition time, venue, goal, inflatable ball (not too light, not too heavy, rolling fast), and there is a division of labor on the field, which is the product of industrialization and industrial revolution; There is an independent referee, which embodies the principle of fair competition; The accidental discovery of the net in use has made this first human movement, which has not changed much so far, perfect.
1863, 10/0 On October 26th, the British Football Association was established in London, and the first football rules were formulated, which announced the birth of modern football. Since then, people have regarded this day as the birth day of modern football.
The earliest football match formation was "nine strikers and one defender" created by the British, that is, nine strikers, one defender and one goalkeeper. Later, the formation of "seven fronts and three guards" was produced, which made the offensive and defensive forces relatively balanced. 1870, Scotland established the formation of "six fronts and four guards". Then, the British created the "tower" formation of "1+2+3+5". This formation had a great influence on the development of world football at that time, because it reflected the basic balance of offensive and defensive forces.
In order to meet the needs of football development, France, Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and other countries initiated the establishment of the International Football Federation (headquartered in Zurich, Switzerland) in Paris on May 2 1, 1904. 1925, FIFA promulgated a new "offside" rule, which aggravated the defensive task and made the contradiction between offensive and defensive more acute. On this basis, the Englishman Chiffman created the "WM" formation at 1930, which made the distribution of offensive and defensive personnel reach a balanced state. This fashion swept the world around the 1940s.
Since 1950s, world football has experienced three revolutionary changes. From 65438 to 0953, Hungarians broke through the traditional style of "WM" and created the "334" formation, which strongly promoted the world football at that time. From 65438 to 0958, Brazilians made new progress in technology and skills, created a "4-2-4" formation with a balanced attack and defense, and won the 6th, 7th and 9th World Cups. Since then, the "4-3-3" formation and its variants have appeared. Because this formation is balanced in attack and defense, flexible in tactics and reflects the trend of all-round development of technology, tactics and physical fitness, it is known as the third revolution in football history.
Football is an ancient sports activity with a long history. It is said that before the Middle Ages, the Greeks and Romans had already started playing football. On a rectangular court, they put the ball on the white line in the middle and kicked it to the other court with their feet. At that time, they called this game "Baja Storm". By the beginning of19th century, football was quite popular in some countries in Europe and Latin America, especially in capitalist Britain. It was not until 1848 that the first written rule of football, Cambridge Rules, was born. However, many data show that the appearance of ancient football in China is earlier than that in Europe, with a longer history. In ancient China, football was called Cuju or Tuju, both of which meant kicking, and Juju was the name of the ball. The word "Cuju" first appeared in Historical Records, Bielu written by Liu Xiang in Han Dynasty and Biography of Hanshu Meicheng written by Yan Shizeng in Tang Dynasty. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, "Cuju" was very popular and became an elegant activity in the court. 1958 In July, when Dr. Havelange, the current president of FIFA, came to China, he said: Football originated in China. Of course, due to the limitation of feudal society, the ancient cuju activity in China did not develop into a modern football sport based on the principle of "fair competition". This qualitative leap took place in capitalist Britain.
Football development
From the middle and late period of17th century, football was gradually introduced to all countries in the world from Europe and America, especially some countries with developed cultures. More and more people go to the stadium and devote themselves to this exciting and enjoyable sport, so that football was once regarded as a symbol to measure the cultural development of a country. In this case, the British took the lead in making important contributions to the development of football. 1863, 10 year1October 26th, the British established the first football association in the world-the Football Association of England. The meeting not only announced the formal establishment of the English Football Association, but also formulated and adopted the first relatively unified football competition rules in the world and recorded them in writing. The birth of the British Football Association marks a new stage in the development of football. Therefore, it is recognized that the date of the establishment of the English Football Association is the date of the birth of modern football. The establishment of the English Football Association has promoted the vigorous development of football in some countries in Europe and Latin America. 1872, the first inter-association competition was held between England and Scotland. 1890, Austria began to hold football championships. 1889 There are several football organizations in the Netherlands and Argentina. 1900, Barcelona, Spain established the "Female Tyronia" Football Association. These developments have created conditions for the establishment of international football organizations. 1904 On May 2 1 day, the International Federation of Football Associations (FIFA) was formally established in the back building of the French Sports Federation, 229 St. Honore Street, Paris, France. Representatives and agents from seven countries including France signed relevant documents. 1904 On May 23rd, FIFA held a 1 National Congress, and Robert Gerling of France was elected as the first president.