On ancient appellation ....

Ancient appellation daquan

lineal relative by blood

paternal

Great-great-grandfather, grandfather and father

Great-great-grandmother's father

maternal

Great-great-great-great-great-grandfather mother

Great-great-grandmother-mother

Son: The first son between husband and wife.

Daughter: A woman's first offspring between her husband and wife.

Sun: The second generation of husband and wife divide their grandchildren according to gender. Sometimes grandson is a neutral title.

Great-grandson: the third generation between husband and wife.

Great-great-grandson: the fourth generation between husband and wife.

collateral relative by blood

paternal

Uncle: My father's brother, also called uncle, uncle, uncle.

Aunt: Uncle's wife.

Uncle: Father's brother, also called uncle, uncle.

Aunt: Uncle's wife.

Aunt: My father's sister, also called aunt and aunt.

Uncle: My aunt's husband.

maternal

Uncle: Mother's brother, also called uncle.

Aunt: My uncle's wife.

Menstruation: Mother's younger sister, also known as menstruation and Menstruation.

Uncle: My aunt's husband.

relation by marriage

Husband: address used by married women for their partners.

Daughter-in-law: address used by married men for their partners.

Father-in-law: The husband's father, also called father.

Mother-in-law: the husband's mother, also known as mother.

Father-in-law: The wife's father, also called father.

Mother-in-law: The wife's mother, also called mother.

Daughter-in-law: address for a son's wife

Son-in-law: address for a daughter's husband

Sister-in-law: The address of the brother's wife.

Sister-in-law's address

Brother-in-law: Sister's husband's address.

Sister-in-law: the title or collective name of a brother's wife.

Brother-in-law: the title or collective name of sister husbands, also called brother-in-law

Sister-in-law: The address of the husband's sister.

Sister-in-law: Address of husband and sister.

Brother-in-law: The address of his wife and brother.

Brother-in-law: Address of wife and brother.

Address of husband in China.

In ancient times, a lover called her husband "lover", which is a very nice title. It is estimated that husbands at that time didn't pick up girls, and there was always a flag hanging at home, so they were called "lovers". At that time, the wife called her husband a "lover", but the husband also called his wife a "lover", which was more equal than men and women at that time.

Lang adds a "Lu" beside the word "Liang", which means "Lang"; Adding "female" to the left of the word "good" will become "mother". "Lang is the husband. Li Bai has a poem, "When you, my love, ride a bamboo horse, run in circles and throw your childhood. What a kind name "Lang"!

Lang Jun, but monosyllabic words seem too sweet and tired. Except for a few "Britney Spears" like Zheng Xiu at that time, many outstanding women were still ashamed to call out in front of people. So add a disyllabic word before or after the end, that is, add a word "Jun" after the word "Lang"; Add a word "Zi" after the word "Niang" and it becomes "husband" and "wife" to show intimacy. (Note: At first, the word "lady" was only used for young girls. About the Tang Dynasty, it became the title of wife. ) The wife calls her husband "Mr. Lang", which is an elegant name for her husband; The husband calls his wife "lady", which is a nickname for his wife.

The Song Dynasty is an era of cultural exchange between North and South. The appellation between husband and wife is also a dynasty with many appellations. In the Palace, the word "official" appeared; Among ordinary people, there is the title of "official". Some wives call their husbands "officials". Up to now, the folks still call the newlyweds "the groom's official" and "the bride". The most famous representative is Simon. It can also be seen from this title that with the prosperity of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty, the family status of men has also reached a new level. Of course, the official is in charge of people, and the official is in charge of the wife at home.

Sir, sir, it is limited to the official family's address to the husband, and its noble position in the family is self-evident.

In the Song Dynasty, wives also called their husbands "outsiders", which was more elegant, while husbands called their wives "madam" besides "madam". In front of others, there are also "wife" and "family" as polite addresses for wives; These were the favorite names of petty bourgeoisie and pseudo-petty bourgeoisie at that time. Pan Jinlian said that Ximen Qing must be a sweet "official": but Yi Lee called Zhao Mingcheng "wife".

If "xianggong" has seen Peking Opera, Yue Opera, Huangmei Opera, Tsing Yi and Hua Dan, the sound of "xianggong-"will be stretched on the stage, which is the word. This is a step further than the "official", not only the "official", but also the highest official "phase". Later, with the intensification of women's liberation movement. The status of men is also declining, which can also be clearly seen from the address of husbands.

In modern times, Mr. Wang is also called "Mr." Wang's, which has both original meaning and extended meaning. There are specific and general references. As far as its original meaning is concerned, the two meanings of "father and brother" and "Taoist" in ancient times were not used much. And its basic meaning seems to be "teacher". From Yu Xiansheng, I can't talk to people across the street. This is also a kind of honorific title for older and virtuous workers. Sometimes, it is also widely used as a polite address for people. "It can be seen that this appellation not only refers to certain specific identities, such as husbands and other objects, but also implies factors such as occupation and age. In other words, the so-called gentleman mainly refers to people who have a certain knowledge and are older. Calling her husband by Mr. is very elegant and means admiration and respect. This shows the dignity of men. It is still widely used in overseas Chinese, Hong Kong and Taiwan.

Lover In the late 1930s or early 1940s, some intellectuals in the Liberated Areas, influenced by the New Culture Movement, began to use the word "lover". After the founding of New China, equality between men and women was advocated, and discriminatory terms such as "indoors" and "cooking" were no longer used. The appellations such as "Mr", "Mrs" and "Miss" used in the old China Kuomintang-controlled areas were bourgeois. So "lover" is widely used.

Men, men, this is the most sense of belonging. You usually need to add an attribute to call it "my man". Unfortunately, it is only seen by rural women who are usually very team-oriented.

Our family's mouth has a secret intimate taste! But there is no respect in it.

The most subtle and tactful way to address a child's father. However, in such a complex era, this title is too inaccurate and extremely imprecise. You know, the father of her child is probably not her husband's.

China now calls bosses everywhere, and even some graduate students call tutors "bosses", which is such an ugly name. Husbands don't have many opportunities to enjoy it, and more often they call their wives bosses and leaders.

The word husband is originally a eunuch. This eunuch, whose official name was Temple Man in ancient times, was Huang Men Diao Jun ... and was honored as an inner official, an inner minister, a middle official and a middle noble; The humble name is Neishu, eunuch, eunuch. People usually call it a husband. After Li Zicheng entered Beijing, he was called "Dafu" (miscellaneous jujube tree). So it seems that her husband's earliest identity was originally a eunuch.

When a woman calls her husband now, will she subconsciously think that the man in front of her really smells like a eunuch? Therefore, please change the words of "wives" in the future. Otherwise, it seems that men in China are showing a trend of castration.

Wife's address

The emperor called his wife a zinc child;

The Prime Minister addressed his wife as Madame.

Scholars call me a fool;

An elegant scholar is called a broom handle.

Merchants call it a wife;

Scholars call their wives.

A sour scholar is called a lady;

The plowman's name is Auntie.

Educated people call their wives;

Uneducated people call their wives.

Young people are called daughters-in-law;

The old man telephoned his wife.

Call yourself a girlfriend if you don't get married; Call your nose when you get married.

Northerners call children his mother;

Southerners call ya * *.

Call a lover on the mainland;

The name of Taiwan Province Province is my wife.

Those who have drunk foreign ink are called darling;

Born and raised, call that mouth.

People who are reluctant to part with their wives are called heart and soul;

People who leave their wives are called babies.

Say dear when making out with your wife;

Call that bitch when you hate your wife.

Hebei people call their wives at home;

Henan people call their wives the head of the family;

Sichuanese call their wives Tang Ke.

The name of Shanghainese is Lao Bu.

Northeasters are called old women.

Tianjin people call it Haier Tamama.

1, grandparents

The relatives of ancestors, according to the ancient blood relatives, started from Gaozu. The direct ancestors above Gaozu are called distant ancestors, ancestors, ancestors and ancestors (nose, meaning beginning).

(1) Ancestor: In ancient times, it refers to all male ancestors above their parents in a broad sense and grandfather in a narrow sense.

(2) Grandfather: also known as "Wang Fu", "Da Fu" and "Zujun". In ancient times, grandfather could also be called "Gong", "Tai Gong" and "Weng". The most common address for grandpa now is "grandpa".

(3) Grandmother: It can also be called "grandmother", "queen mother" and "empathy". Because the ancients had wives and concubines, grandmothers were divided into "season grandmothers", "ordinary grandmothers" and "concubine grandmothers". The name grandmother is universal in ancient and modern times.

(4) Shiva: it is a very common name for adult women in ancient times, and it can also be used to address grandmother.

(5) Grandma: it is a common name for grandma today, which was used late in ancient times. As a title, "milk" was first called as a wet nurse, and later used as a mother, which is also a broader title for married women.

(6) Cousins, dependent grandfathers, uncles, uncles, uncles, uncles, uncles, uncles, etc. These are the names for my grandfather's brothers.

(7) Cousins, dependent grandmothers, grandmothers, grandmothers, grandmothers, etc. These are the addresses for grandparents' wives.

2. Great-grandparents

(1) Great-grandfather: My grandfather's father. In ancient times, there were other names, such as Taiweng, Zengweng, Zengfu, Wangfu, Wangfu, Taigong and Zengtaigong, and the special name was Zengmen.

(2) Great-grandmother: refers to the wife of great-grandmother, which can also be called "great-grandmother", "great-grandmother" and "great-grandmother", among which "great-grandmother" is more common.

3. Great-grandparents

(1) Great-grandfather: the father of great-grandfather, often called Great-grandfather in ancient and modern times, also called "Great-grandfather's father" and "Gaomen". However, it should be noted that in ancient times, the distant ancestors above Gaozu could also be called Gaozu.

(2) Grandma Gao: refers to Grandpa Gao's wife, or "Grandma Gao Wang".

4. Parents

(1) Parents: Parents are the most important relatives. In addition to parents, parents, parents and parents, there are Gao Tang, Yan Jun, respect for relatives, strict relatives, second relatives and relatives.

(2) Father, father: it is a general term for father in ancient and modern times. You can also address your father as Gong, Weng, Zun, Adult, Yanjun, Grandpa, Dad and Laozi.

(3) Respect: honorific words commonly used in ancient times. One party can call his father "family respect" and the other party's father "your father".

(4) Leaf: a general term for adult men in ancient times. It was used as the title of grandfather in the Song Dynasty and as the title of father in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, or "Ye".

(5) Mother: it is the most common name for mother. In ancient times, the appellation of mother was similar to "mother", and it was also a general term for adult women or elderly women. The most important ones are old woman, mother, empress, basking, adult, mother, kindness, family and sister.

(6) Stepmother: If the mother dies, divorces or is expelled by her parents, the wife who continues to marry is called stepmother, stepmother, stepmother, fake mother and stepmother.

(7) Motherhood: If your mother can still meet after she leaves home, it is called motherhood.

(8) Biological mother: In ancient polygamous families, a person's biological mother was called "biological mother" or "biological mother".

(9) Concubine: In ancient polygamous families, if a person's biological mother was his wife, then his father's concubines were called "concubines", "young mothers", "mothers" and "concubines".

(10) Family and sisters: Two special names for mothers in the Middle Ages.

(1 1) Auntie: In ancient polygamous families, no matter whether a person's biological mother is a wife or a concubine, his father's concubines can be called "Auntie", "Auntie" and "Auntie".

(12) Adoptive father: It means that someone is recognized as the father in addition to his own father. This word "righteousness" has the meaning of addition, falsehood, substitution and voluntariness.

(13) adoptive mother: refers to worshipping someone as a mother in addition to your own mother.

5. Relatives related to father

(1) Father and mother: refers to the father's brother and his wife.

(2) Master: At present, my father's brothers are all called "uncle" or "uncle" or simply "uncle". The ancients occasionally called several uncles "Shu", "Guan Zhong", "Shu" and "Ji Fu" according to their ranking order.

(3) Auntie: It is a title for the wife of father and brother.

(4) Slave father: uncles and brothers of the father can be collectively referred to as "slave father" or "slave uncle" and "slave uncle" respectively.

(5) Auntie: For my father's sisters, they can be called "Auntie" (still used today), "Zhugu", "Gujie" and "Gu Mei". For married people, they are generally called "Auntie" and "Auntie". Different from today, they are sometimes called "girls".

(6) Uncle: My aunt's husband can be called "uncle", "uncle", "uncle" and "uncle".

(7) Cousin: the title of aunt's son.

(8) Cousin: the title of aunt's daughter.

6. People related to their mothers

(1) Grandfather: My mother's father's name is "Grandfather" (the same as today), and he can also be called "Waiweng", "Waida", "Jiagong" and "Laoye".

(2) Grandmother: Mother's mother is called "grandmother" and "grandmother" (the same as today), also called "grandmother" and "old man".

(3) Uncle: the mother's brother, called "uncle" in ancient and modern times. On different occasions, some decorative or supplementary words can be added, such as "uncle", "uncle", "uncle" and "cousin".

(4) Auntie: the title of uncle's wife.

(5) menstruation: The names of mothers and sisters were called Congmu in the pre-Qin period, and Aunt or Gu, Aunt and Jing since the Qin and Han dynasties.

(6) Uncle: My aunt's husband is called "Uncle" or "Uncle". Menstruation's children are also called cousins.

(No matter uncle's daughter, aunt's daughter or aunt's daughter, they can all be called cousins. The ancients collectively called it "Zhu Biao". )

Step 7 check

"Kao" and "Yan" are different names for parents in the pre-Qin period, which can be used for both life and death. Since Qin and Han dynasties, it can still be called Kaoji after the death of parents, but it was no longer called Kaoji before his death. Grading is only used to refer to dead parents. Moreover, it can be used not only to refer to dead parents, but also to refer to dead ancestors, even earlier direct ancestors (in the pre-Qin period, it was a general term for ancestors).

8. Couple

(1) husband: or "husband", originally a good name for an adult man, also used as husband and wife. There are many terms of husband's will related to "husband" and other additional elements, such as "Lord", "husband", "husband" and "husband". In addition, husbands can also be addressed by "lover", "lang", "husband", "gentleman", "husband", "official" and "person".

(2) Wife: it is the most important title for wife from ancient times to the present. Add various additional ingredients before wife, including "good wife", "good wife", "benevolent wife", "wife" and "wife". Besides, it can also be called "husband", "scholar", "gentleman", "wife", "wife", "wife" and "wife".

9. Husband's relatives

(1) Gong: Also called Grandfather. In ancient times, the husband's father was called "uncle", also called "public" and "father-in-law". These appellations are the predecessors who call their husbands and fathers "Gong", "Father-in-law" and "Old Man Gong" today.

(2) Grandma: also known as mother-in-law. Her husband's mother was called "Gu" in ancient times, and Gu Jun, Yan Gu, Ji Gu and Aunt were derived from "Gu". Later, it was also called "old woman" and "mother-in-law".

(3) Auntie, Auntie: A general term for husbands and parents in the early days. The nearest person is called "in-laws". In addition, there is also a common name "ancient Zhang" or "ancient meaning".

(4) Uncle: The title of the husband's brother is the same as that of the modern "uncle" and "brother-in-law".

(5) Sister-in-law: the title of husband and sister.

10, related to his wife.

(1) Zhang Yue: This is the address for his wife's father. In ancient times, it was also called "Taishan", "Bingweng", "my uncle", "my father" and "my wife's father".

(2) Mother-in-law: the title of the wife's mother, or "mother-in-law".

(3) Auntie and Waigu: used as a title for his wife and mother in the early days.

(4) Uncle: the title of wife and brother, or "uncle", "uncle", "brother-in-law" and "brother-in-law".

(5) Auntie: the title of wife's sister, or "big aunt" or "little sister", also called "wife's sister" or "sister-in-law".

1 1, brothers and their related relatives

(1) Brother: also known as "Kun". Today, you can call your brother "Brother". When you have several brothers, you must indicate the ranking on the address, or rank by number, or use common ranking terms such as Bo, Zhong, Shu and Ji. ("Brother" is a very widely used title in ancient times, which can be called father, brother, brother and son. )

(2) Sister-in-law: the title of brother and wife, or "sister-in-law".

(3) Brother: it is a name for someone who is opposite to a brother.

(4) Sister-in-law: the title of brother's wife or "sister-in-law".

(5) Nephew: The most common address for children of brothers can also be directly called "son of brothers" or "daughter of brothers", or "obedient son", "obedient daughter", "superior son" and "superior daughter".

12, sisters and their related relatives

(1) Female brother: the title of sister in ancient times, or directly calling sister a brother. "Sister" is also called "Sister", and the opposite is called "Sister".

(2) Brother-in-law and brother-in-law: A sister's husband can also be called "sister-in-law" or "aunt".

(3) Nephew: The most common address for elder sister's son is also called "nephew", "niece" and "niece".

Children and their related relatives.

(1) Zi: It was widely used in ancient times, and was mainly used as the title of son after Qin and Han Dynasties.

One's own son can be called "son of a dog", "son of an evil son" and "son of an unfilial son", while others' sons can be called "son of a son", "son of a good son", "son of an extraordinary son" and "son of a virtuous son". In addition, children can also be called "male", "child interest", "cheap interest", "child" and "child". If there are several sons, they are called "eldest son", "second son" and "youngest son".

(2) Female: the main title for a daughter. For other people's daughters, they are often called "love" or "affection", also called "your daughter" and "boudoir".

(3) Adopted son and daughter: refers to the non-biological adopted son, also known as "adopted son", "adopted daughter" and "fake son". At the same time, there is also a common name "moth".

(4) Daughter-in-law: the title of the son's wife. At first, it was only called "Fu", and later it was called "Xi" because of my son, so my son's wife was also called "Xi Fu" or wrote "daughter-in-law".

(5) Husband: address for the daughter's husband, or "son-in-law", "son-in-law", "husband-in-law" and so on. In addition, the daughter's husband can also be called "female husband", "half son", "east bed" and "Lingtan".

When the son-in-law comes to Zhang Yue's house, most people in the Yue family call him "uncle" except the father-in-law and mother-in-law.

(6) Sun: the address of a son's children, or the name, etc. "Sun" is divided into "Sun" and "granddaughter", and "granddaughter" is also called "female granddaughter".

(7) Grandson: the title of daughter and children. The female surname can also be called "granddaughter".

Don:

The emperor calls himself "I". In addition, "I" or "I" is sometimes used.

Others are called emperors: in the Tang Dynasty, emperors were often called "saints". As for the romantic emperor like Tang, everyone around him called him "Saburo"

Empress claims to be: When the Empress Dowager gives orders, she calls herself "Yu", and when she meets the minister in the convenience hall, she calls herself "I" and often uses "I".

Empresses and concubines call themselves "concubines and others" in formal occasions, and they usually call themselves "me" or "me" (note that they are not concubines).

The princess calls herself "I" or "I" to the emperor.

The emperor's address to his son: a little intimate can be called a nickname, usually by his first name, or by official rank, such as Jiulang.

The Crown Prince claimed that he often used "minister" or "I", sometimes called the emperor or queen with "son minister" and called the courtiers with "Xiao Wang".

Neimingfu: The concubines in Song Dynasty were called Neimingfu.

External names: mothers and wives of officials in the Song Dynasty. , are titles awarded according to their official positions, such as Mrs. Guo and Mrs. County.

Bottom: Yes.

Butler: Your Majesty.

Saint: The Queen.

Empress: The Empress Dowager.

Madam: concubines.

The residence of concubines in Song Palace.

Carboniferous: coal.

Ying Yong: Ambassador Ying Yong for short.

Practical: Senior Sergeant of Song Jun. Soldiers in the Song Dynasty usually need tattoos, but the effect is often exempted from tattoos.

Yan Zi: Jurchen vocabulary, official.

Mutt: Jurchen vocabulary, Jin Jun establishment unit, with 10,000 people.

Mutt Percy: The husband is very long.

Meng An: Jurchen vocabulary, compiled by Jin Jun, full 1000 people.

Violet of Meng 'an: A Thousand Commanders.

Mou Ke: Jurchen vocabulary, Jin Jun establishment unit, full of 100 people.

Mou Kezhen: Centurion.

Pu Yan: Jurchen vocabulary, Jin Jun establishment unit, full of 50 people.

Corydalis: fifty husbands long.

Ali Xi: Jurchen vocabulary, follower of Jin soldiers.

Author: Penguin in Porridge House April 2005-1011:57 Reply to this statement-

Make up the history for everyone: What did the ancient emperors call their relatives?

Wabohela: Jurchen vocabulary, knocking and killing, which is a popular execution method of Jurchen.

General matters: translation.

Shaman: Jurchen vocabulary, wizard.

Pucha: Jurchen's surname.

Peiman: Jurchen.

Wu Lin answered: Jurchen's surname.

ACTS: Jurchen surname.

Xie Mao: Jurchen surname.

Gu Lijia: Jurchen's surname.

Winton: Jurchen's surname.

A Dian: Jurchen surname.

Oracle bones: Jurchen surname.

nine

Nora: Jurchen's surname.

Female Xi Lie: Jurchen surname.

Han people: the Jin dynasty was called the Han people in the former Liao dynasty.

Southerners: Jin Dynasty was called Song and Han Dynasty.

Hook and draw: draw.

Dazi: the abbreviation of University in Senior Ministerial Office.

Zhu Banzhi: The guards of the Emperor of the Song Dynasty were organized by Zhu Banzhi, collectively known as Zhu Banzhi.

Joan Rong Zhi: A class, a military band.

Command: Song Jun has prepared 400 or 500 troops for each command.

Dude: Boys, youths, young servants.

Maid: A hired maid.

Miss: Prostitute.

The first line: beautiful prostitute.

Shige: referred to as Zhilong Tuge.

Scheeren: Short for Scheeren in Chinese books.

Observation: observation is called observation for short.

Revision: The Secret Pavilion revised the abbreviation.

Dispatch: The official position in Song Dynasty is generally called dispatch.

Excellent work: spy

Amber: Calm down.

Painting: a popular signature symbol in Song Dynasty.

Little ass: Used as a courtesy title for a lowly person.

Man: a disparaging term for a man.

Old man: a disparaging term for an old man.

Home: Me.

Family: We.

Sasha Vujacic: Really, really.

How to live: how.

Very bottom: what.

Xu Mo: No, you shouldn't.

"xianggong": a title of respect for senior officials such as the prime minister, but ordinary officials may not be called "xianggong".

Chayuan: short for supervision suggestion.

Tang Guan: short for commander and ambassador before Tang.

Support items: bib, collar, etc.

Quality Library: Pawnshop.

Household registration: native place.

Dutou, Deputy Dutou: Generally speaking, Song Jun's organizational unit, Dutou, has 100 officers.

Remaining: The old, the weak, the sick and the disabled in the Song army still retain their military status and reduce their pay.

Thing: thing.

Guan Yu: The word Guan Yu was widely used in the Song Dynasty, which means disposal and responsibility on different occasions.

Stop: cancel.

Cheng Jie: short for Cheng Jielang.

He () Cha: Jurchen vocabulary, bodyguard.

Shengbing: a new force.

Hard detective: armed reconnaissance.

Hunjia: Wife.

Tenant: tenant.

Changhang: Sergeant.

White body: mainly used to refer to people who have no official title in the army.

Xiuwu: Xiuwulang for short.

Festival ambassador: short for our festival ambassador.

Qiu: He is a senior military attache, but on more occasions, he is regarded as a respectful name of a martial man.

Naihan: short for Hanlin Bachelor.

MP: The Chief Privy Council.

Er Fu: The official positions of Prime Minister, Zhongshu Province, Menxia Province and Shangshu Province (three provinces) are called Dongfu, and the Privy Council is called Xifu, collectively known as Er Fu.

As the highest military and political institution in the Song Dynasty, it can also be called the chief of the second government.

Midtown: short for Midtown in imperial history.

Taiwan officials: a general term for the officials of Yushitai.

To be built: the abbreviation of the emblem hall to be built.

Doutong: short for Doutong.

Big official: courtesy title of eunuch.

Flag Head: Select the brave and skillful soldiers in the army to carry the flag and lead troops to fight.

Team: Song Jun Organization, a team of 50 people.

Escort: An officer of the unit "Team" in Song Jun.

Team support: officers of Song Jun's unit "team".

Control: the unified military officer of Song Jun's organizational unit "Army".

Commander-in-Chief: The commander of Song Jun's organizational unit "Army", whose position is lower than control.