Chinese name: Zhu Ziqing
Alias: Originally known as Huazi, Qiushi, word Pei County.
Nationality: China.
Ethnic group: Han nationality
Place of birth: Donghai, Jiangsu
Date of birth:1898165438+1October 22nd.
Date of death: 1948 August 12.
Occupation: writer, poet, professor, democracy fighter.
Graduate school: Peking University.
Main achievements: China famous modern essayist and scholar.
Masterpieces: Poem Collection Traces, Prose Collection Back, You and Me.
Appreciate the spring, hurry and enjoy the moonlight in the lotus pond. Zhu Ziqing began to edit this paragraph.
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Zhu Ziqing (formerly known as Zhu Zihua) was born in 1898. His ancestral home was Shaoxing, Zhejiang, and his ancestral home was Donghai, Jiangsu. Because both his grandfather and father lived in Yangzhou, he also called himself "Yangzhou native". 19 17, 20-year-old Zhu Ziqing changed his name from Zhu Ziqing (right) and Ye Shengtao to encourage himself not to do as the Romans do.
Safe. The word "self-purification" comes from Chu Ci Bu Ju: "Would you rather be honest and clean than self-purification?" It means to be honest and keep your innocence. Zhu Ziqing, who feels that he is slow in temperament, thinks that "Dongan is slow in temperament, so it is urgent to wear strings" in Han Feizi is a strategy of self-warning. Zhu Ziqing studied in a private school since childhood and was deeply influenced by the traditional culture of China. Si Tuleideng, the US ambassador to China, made slanderous and insulting remarks to the people of China. On the one hand, it is cheap, on the other hand, it supports the Japanese and insults the people of China. Some of us discussed it and wanted to expose the conspiracy of the Kuomintang government, protest against the insult of the American government and make a public statement. The statement goes like this: In order to oppose the U.S. government's policy of helping, to protest the slander and insult of the U.S. Consul General's card and the U.S. Ambassador to China to the people of China, and to show the dignity and integrity of the people of China, we categorically reject all charity, whether purchased or given by the United States. It is hereby declared that the following colleagues unanimously agreed to refuse to buy cheap flour from the United States and return the shopping card. In June, 37 (Republic of China), I wrote a statement and collected signatures. As usual, I decided that everyone should be responsible for contacting several people, and most of the older professors were my errands. I took the manuscript to find Mr. Zhu Ziqing. At that time, his stomach trouble was very serious, and he could only eat very little. When he ate too much, he vomited, his face became thin and his voice became low. He has many children, and life is more difficult than anyone else. But as soon as he read the manuscript, he signed it without hesitation. He has always performed well in writing. This time, he signed his name meticulously with trembling hands. It should also be noted that after he returned to Tsinghua campus from Kunming on 1946, his attitude changed obviously and he was no longer silent. He opposed the civil war and hated the Kuomintang. * * * The producers' views have also begun to change. He once recited poems in the liberated areas at public meetings, and sometimes dressed up and danced yangko with the students, making him sweat. I always look for him in the struggle against some American declarations, telegrams and statements against the Kuomintang. As soon as he saw me, he understood why. "Did you sign it?" Write your name after reading the manuscript. As far as I can remember, nine times out of ten he signed it. Sometimes they don't sign because the words are a little angry. This time, I also found some other professors who are familiar with or live nearby. Most of them signed their names, but they also hit a nail. There was a professor who had only three children, but his answer was simple: "No! I want to live! " Zhu Ziqing's stomach trouble is hunger, and his family has a large population and needs support. Someone calculated an account in the later period of Kunming. The salary of people like us is only about ten yuan, which is equivalent to the silver dollar before the war. Zhu Ziqing cares about politics, but he doesn't express his opinions much. It can be said that he is gentle and has no temper. During the Anti-Japanese War, the news was blocked by the Kuomintang. People in the home front don't know the fact that the Kuomintang passively confronted Japanese imperialism, but actively rubbed against the * * * production party, which set off several anti-* * climaxes. He thinks that as long as you resist, you should live a hard life and complain less. Although he sympathized with many political activities in Kunming, he seldom participated. The Kuomintang reactionaries assassinated Wen Yiduo, who was very indignant. After returning to Peiping, he saw that American imperialism helped the Kuomintang fight the civil war, and his attitude changed. He stood up before American imperialism and its lackeys, the Kuomintang reactionaries, and with a few exceptions, he joined us. There are several things worth mentioning. First, he worked hard to compile the Complete Works of Wen Yiduo. In the postscript of the Complete Works, I pointed out that Mr. Pei Xian was an old friend and colleague for more than ten years. For this book, he spent a year collecting his legacy, editing and revising it. The catalogue has been drawn up ... in short, it is impossible to edit this collection without Mr. Pei Xian's efforts. Miscellaneous Notes on New Poems, Classic Stories, Research on Poems, Metres and Metres, Chinese Zero Collection, Appreciation of Elegance and Vulgarity, Book Review and Essays, Collected Works of Zhu Ziqing (1-4), 1953, published by Zhu Zi
Catalogue of works
Xuechao (poetry anthology) 1922, Shangji (poetry and prose) 1924, the back of Yadong Library (prose anthology) 1928, Ming Kai's notes on European travel (prose anthology) 1934, Ming Kai's enlightenment Chinese teaching (prose anthology)/. China Ci Collection (prose collection) by Wen Guang's poetry and prose is 1948, Appreciation of Elegance and Vulgarity (prose collection) by Mingshan Bookstore is 1948, and Observation Collection (volume 1-4) by Zhu Ziqing is1948. Book Review Collection of Preface and Postscript of Ancient Book Zhu Ziqing (anthology) 1983, Sanlian Zhu Ziqing's Prose Collection 1986, Baihua Zhu Ziqing's Complete Works (volume 1-3), Baihua Zhu Ziqing's Prose Collection 1996, Jiangsu Education Press.
Edit this famous article
spring
Scenes of spring
Looking forward to, looking forward to, the east wind is coming, and the pace of spring is approaching. Everything looked like I had just woken up, and I opened my eyes with joy. The mountains moistened, the water rose and the sun blushed. The grass crawled out of the soil, tender and green. In the garden and in the field, look, there are many such trees. Sit, lie down, roll twice, kick a few balls, run a few laps, grab a few laps. The wind is quiet and the grass is soft. Peach trees, apricot trees and pear trees are all in full bloom, and you won't let me or I won't let you. Red is like fire, pink is like chardonnay and white is like snow. Flowers are sweet; When I closed my eyes, the tree seemed to be covered with peaches, Xinger and pears. Hundreds of bees are buzzing under the flowers, and butterflies of different sizes are flying around. Wildflowers are everywhere: miscellaneous, named and unnamed, scattered in the grass, like eyes, like stars, still flashing. "Blowing your face doesn't make you cold", yes, like a mother's hand touching you. The wind brought the smell of new ploughing, mixed with the smell of grass, and the fragrance of various flowers, all brewing in the slightly humid air. Birds nest in flowers and leaves. They are very happy. Calling friends proudly showed off his crisp voice and sang melodious songs, which set each other off in harmony with the light wind and flowing water. The piccolo of the shepherd boy on the cow's back rang all day at this time. Rain is the most common and lasts for three or two days. Don't be annoyed, you see, it is like cow hair, like a needle, like a filament, densely woven into a diagonal, and there is a thin layer of smoke on the roof. The leaves are bright green, and the grass is green enough to stare at your eyes. At night, the lights turned on, and a little dim light set off a quiet and peaceful night. In the countryside, on the path, by the stone bridge, people are walking slowly with umbrellas; There are also farmers working in the fields, wearing wrinkled clothes and wrinkled hats. Their houses are scattered and silent in the rain. There are more kites in the sky and more children on the ground. Every family in urban and rural areas, old and young, came out one by one. Relax your muscles, cheer up and do your duty. "A year's plan lies in spring" has just begun, and there is plenty of time and hope. Spring is like a newborn doll. It's new from head to toe and still growing. Spring is like a little girl, dressed up and walking with a smile. Spring is like a strong young man with iron arms and legs, leading us forward. (People's Education Edition Grade One Chinese Textbook, Zhejiang Education Edition Grade Six Chinese Textbook, Shanghai Nine-year Compulsory Education Grade Six Chinese Textbook, Jiangsu Edition Junior High School Grade One Chinese Textbook, Jiangsu Education Edition Grade Seven Chinese Textbook)
hurried
Swallows have gone, and there is a time to come again; Willow withered, there is a time to green again; The peach blossom withered, but it blossomed again. But, smart, tell me, why are our days gone forever? Someone stole them: who is that? Where is it hidden? They escaped by themselves: where are they now? I don't know how many days they gave me; But my hands are getting empty. Counting silently, more than 8 thousand days slipped away from me quietly; Like a drop of water on the tip of a needle in the sea, my days are dripping in the stream of time, without sound or shadow. I can't help bursting into tears. Go wherever you go, and come wherever you come; What's the hurry between going and coming? When I get up in the morning, two or three sunsets shoot into the hut. The sun has feet, and it has moved gently and quietly; I also follow the rotation blankly. So-when washing your hands, the days pass from the basin; When eating, the days pass from the rice bowl; When I was silent, I passed by my eyes. I think he is in a hurry. When I reached out to cover my arm, he passed by the covered hand again. When I was lying in bed at dark, he passed me and flew away from my feet. When I open my eyes and see the sun again, it will be a new day. I covered my face and sighed. But the shadow of the new day began to flash with a sigh. What can I do in the days when I fly away, in the world of thousands of families? Only wandering, only running; In the rush of more than 8,000 days, what is left except wandering? The past days, like smoke, were scattered by the breeze, like fog, evaporated by Chu Yang; What traces did I leave? Did I leave traces like hairspring? I came into this world naked, and I will go back naked in the blink of an eye? But it can't be flat. Why did you come for nothing this time? You are very clever. Tell me, why are our days gone forever?
Appreciation of the back
I haven't seen my father for over two years. What I can't forget most is his back. That winter, my grandmother died and my father was relieved of his job. This is a day when it never rains but it pours. I want to go back to my hometown in Xuzhou with my father from Beijing. I went to Xuzhou to see my father, saw the messy things in the yard, and thought of my grandmother. I can't help crying. Father said, "Well, don't be sad, but God never shuts one door but he opens another!" " "I went home to sell pawns, and my father lost money; Borrowing money for the funeral again. The situation at home these days is very bleak, partly for the funeral and partly for my father's leisure. After the funeral, my father will go to Nanjing to work, and I will go back to Beijing to study. Let's go together. In Nanjing, a friend made an appointment to go sightseeing and stayed for one day. The next morning, I will cross the river to Pukou and get on the bus in the afternoon. Because my father is busy, he has decided not to send it, and found a familiar waiter in the hotel to accompany him. He repeatedly told the waiter to be very careful. But he finally worried that the waiter was not suitable; I hesitated for a moment. In fact, I was twenty years old that year, and I have traveled to and from Beijing two or three times, so it doesn't matter. He hesitated for a while and finally decided to take me personally. I advised him not to go; He just said, "Never mind, they can't walk well! "We crossed the river and entered the station. I bought a ticket and he was busy looking after the luggage. There is too much luggage, so you have to tip the porter to go. He is busy bargaining with them again. I was really smart at that time, and I always thought he was going to interrupt myself because he didn't speak well, but he finally settled the price; Walk me to the car. He chose a chair near the door for me; I paved the seat with the purple coat he made for me. He told me to be careful on the road, to be alert at night and not to catch a cold. And let the waiter take good care of me. I laughed at his pedantry in my mind; They only know money, they just ask for it! Can't people my age take care of themselves? Well, now that I think about it, it was really clever at that time! I said, "Dad, you go. He looked out of the car and said, "I'll buy some oranges." "You stay here and don't walk around." I think there are some vendors waiting for customers outside the fence on the platform over there. To get to the platform over there, you have to cross the railway, jump down and climb up. Father is a fat man, so it is naturally more troublesome to walk there. I was going to go, but he refused, so I had to let him go. It was not difficult to see him limping to the railway and leaning down slowly, wearing a small black hat, a big black jacket and a dark blue cotton robe. But it is not easy for him to climb the platform over there when he crosses the railway. He climbed up with both hands, and his feet shrank again; His fat body leans slightly to the left, showing signs of hard work. Then I saw his back, and my tears soon flowed down. I quickly wiped away my tears. I'm afraid he will see it, and I'm afraid others will see it. When I looked out again, he had come back with the bright red orange in his arms. When crossing the railway, he first scattered oranges on the ground, climbed down slowly, then picked them up and left. When I arrived here, I hurried to help him. He and I walked to the front of the car and put oranges on my fur coat. So I dived into the dirt on my clothes and felt very relaxed. After a while, he said, "I'm leaving. Write it there! " I watched him go out. He took a few steps, turned around and saw me and said, "Go in, there's no one inside." When his back was mixed with the crowds coming and going, I couldn't find it anymore, so I came in and sat down, and tears came again. In recent years, my father and I have been running around, and the situation at home is getting worse and worse. As a teenager, he went out to make a living, made his own living and did many great things. I didn't know the original environment was so depressing! He was so sad that he couldn't control himself. If you are depressed in the middle, it is natural to send it out; Family trifles often touch his anger. He treats me differently. But in the last two years, he finally forgot my shortcomings and only thought about me and my son. After I came to the north, he wrote me a letter, which said: "I am in good health, but my arm hurts badly." It's not convenient to pick up a pen, so my departure time is not far away. " I read here, and in the crystal tears, I saw the back of that fat, blue cotton robe and black mandarin jacket. Alas! I don't know when I can see him again! (Selected as the seventh lesson in the second volume of People's Education Press, the seventh-grade Chinese textbook for nine-year compulsory education in Shanghai, and the first lesson in the second volume of the eighth grade) Appreciation of Back is a documentary prose written by Zhu Ziqing on June 1925+00. "Back" describes the process of a father leaving his son in a long distance when his family changes. Through simple and true language, it shows the father's love for his son and the son's feelings for his father. This is a famous piece in the history of China's modern prose. The author once said: "I wrote" The Back "because I quoted the sentence in my father's letter. I really burst into tears when I read my father's letter. Many benefits my father treated me, especially those described in "The Back", are almost the same to me. My article is only realistic ... "This sentence tells the writing reason, description focus and writing characteristics of Back, which can be used as the key to understanding the article. The full text is divided into three parts: 1. The first part (the first paragraph): I miss my father, and the most unforgettable thing is his "back". Opening point. 2. The second part (from "That Winter" to "My Tears Come Again"): Recalling the past, recalling the scene of leaving my father at the station, and showing the sincere feelings of the father who loves his son. The first floor (from "That Winter" to "We Will Go Together"): Explain the family situation when the father and son left, and render a sad atmosphere of writing "The Back". The second floor (from "when I arrived in Nanjing" to "... too clever"): Write about my father's careful care before seeing me off, paving the way for writing "back". The third layer (from "I told you" to "... I wrote ... The third part (the last paragraph): After writing goodbye, I miss my father. Take the tearful reappearance of "back" as the conclusion, and directly express deep nostalgia. By describing the scene where the father saw his son off at the station, the theme shows the father's meticulous love for his son and the son's nostalgia for his father. The article is about 19 17, which has been written for 25 years. During this period, the social conditions in China were: warlordism, imperialist infighting, precarious intellectuals and working people in dire straits. Although the author did not stand in the revolutionary position at that time and devoted himself to the struggle against imperialism and feudalism, as an upright, kind and honest intellectual, he was bound to feel depressed in society and feel lonely and desolate. Isn't it? Due to the darkness of society, the author's family is more and more embarrassed. The situation is very bleak. At first, the author's father was "idle", but later he was "running around" in order to find a job, and even the old environment was "depressed". All these reflect the reality that intellectuals are busy, have a dim future, have a hard job and are in a miserable situation. There is a gloomy cloud hanging over their hearts, just like the gloomy tone shown in the article. In this context, the sincere, profound and touching love between father and son written by the author is not only a pure and noble feeling in line with our national ethics, but also a consideration for father and son, especially the love between father and son, which combines bitterness and sadness, contains the struggle against bad luck, and contains the struggle against the old world with weak human feelings-although this is only resentment rather than anger.
Appreciation of moonlight in lotus pond
The theme of Moonlight on the Lotus Pond has always been described in middle school textbooks as follows: "Moonlight on the Lotus Pond was written in July 1927. At that time, Chiang Kai-shek rebelled against the revolution, and China was in darkness. ..... In the faint joy of enjoying the moonlight in the lotus pond, there is a kind of sadness that is dissatisfied with the dark reality but cannot be detached. This is the reflection of that dark age in the author's mind. " With this lonely and depressed mood, I wrote the article "Moonlight on the Lotus Pond". Moonlight on the Lotus Pond is a well-known masterpiece, and Mr. Yang Pu has made the latest interpretation of it. This is psychoanalysis. " Moonlight on the Lotus Pond is Zhu Ziqing's masterpiece, and the author thinks that people's interpretation of it in the past is "far-fetched". The article thinks that "this article is the projection of the author's subconscious beauty prototype and love desire on the lotus image" and says that "this is the symbol of Zhu Ziqing's subconscious desire". Therefore, the article puts forward its own new literary interpretation: the displacement and deformation of the dream of beauty. The author thinks that Moonlight on the Lotus Pond is purely a personal emotion, arranged in a row: "This personal emotion has nothing to do with the political background of that era; "It has nothing to do with the revolutionary theme of other literary works; It has nothing to do with using the image of lotus to express loyal sentiments. " And stressed: "This kind of personal emotion completely belongs to Zhu Ziqing's inner experience as a life individual." In a word, Moonlight on the Lotus Pond is Zhu Ziqing's subconscious wish expression. It is in the description and interpretation of dreams that the author unifies dreams with reality. First, through the communication with people in the moonlight, the distance between dreams and reality is diluted. By creating the moonlight atmosphere in the night, the author integrates the sleeping dreams of "wife", "son" and "me" into a complete dream and reality. The moonlight in the lotus pond is picturesque
Secondly, through the description of winding paths leading to a secluded place, the fusion of dreams and reality and the emotional connection between them are realized. The author regards this road as a symbolic channel to integrate reality and dreams. He also said, "This is the only way for dreams to come true." Thirdly, this description of the dislocation between dreams and reality is essentially to vent a repressed desire and a potential consciousness. The author separates this potential conscious desire from political factors. Freud's dream theory is used to analyze the factors of "deep affection". Secondly, the author regards this dream drift in the bleak moonlight as a sudden desire in reality. And think that "Night Tour of the Lotus Pond" is just a lyrical expression of mood and artistic conception. Therefore, this inner hidden consciousness leads to the statement of "beautiful symbol". The author listed it this way: write lotus leaves, "The leaves in the field float high in the water, just like the skirts of elegant dancers." Lotus is, "among the layers of leaves, some white flowers are dotted sporadically." Some are elegant and open, and some are shy and in bud; Like a pearl, like a star in the blue sky, like a beauty who just took a bath. "Lotus fragrance is", the breeze passes by, with a faint fragrance, like a faint song on a tall building in the distance. "Lotus's trembling is that leaves and flowers are blown by the breeze", like lightning, suddenly passed through the other side of the lotus pond. "The wind of lotus leaves is" covered by flowing water under the leaves ",but flowing water makes the leaves" more windy ". The author regards this form of expression as a formal expression of emotion, and regards Susan Langer's emotion and form as an auditory form transformed from emotion. Therefore, it is speculated that the lotus leaf symbolizes a fresh judgment on beauty. People think that Zhu Ziqing expressed his unique feeling of beauty with a vague symbol. Interpretation is that the dream consciousness is produced by people who express the repressed "desire for love". Lotus is Zhu Ziqing's subconscious disguise. Replacing "political repression" with "love desire" is a great breakthrough for Mr. Yang Pu to interpret the thought of Moonlight on the Lotus Pond in the past 80 years. Political depravity and emotional modification have given this interpretation of Moonlight on the Lotus Pond a new connotation. Thus, the dreamer's "feelings under the moon" is interpreted as a symbol of the subconscious satisfying the emotional deficiency. The moonlight in the lotus pond is picturesque
The symbolic reason of this "love desire" lies in the memory reason of "love desire" In this regard, the author interprets it as the displacement of "love desire". On this issue, the author first put the lotus leaf image into the traditional culture of China. That is to use the traditional lotus leaf image to explain the original intention of Zhu Ziqing's exposure. "The essence of picking lotus is a cultural ceremony, a promiscuous custom and a romantic game." It developed from the reproductive ceremony. And stressed that "in the final analysis, picking lotus is for love and sex." In this regard, the author transposed the meanings of the folk song Xizhou Qu in the Southern Dynasties, the folk song Jiangnan in Han Yuefu, and the lotus-picking Fu. As a result, an almost primitive desire for sex and love is perfectly integrated with dreams. On the displacement of love desire, Mr. Yang Pu explained the continuation of this ancient culture in Moonlight on the Lotus Pond. "Exchange sex for love, let sex be hidden behind symbols", which is a dreamy displacement of the image of beauty. From Zhu Ziqing's series of prose works, the author sums up the problems of pregnancy beauty, love desire and fantasy persistence. Emotional interpretation is a new breakthrough in the interpretation of Moonlight on the Lotus Pond, especially in analyzing Zhu Ziqing's writing experience in Moonlight on the Lotus Pond with Freud's dream and sexual psychology. This is a portrayal of the mentality that was adapted to the repressive atmosphere of the society at that time. However, as a revolutionary writer, Zhu Ziqing attributed the writing motivation of Moonlight on the Lotus Pond to a dull groan under emotion and love, which was biased. I think, if this is a subconscious shift from political consciousness to emotional repression, perhaps this article will have a larger packaging capacity, thinking that the political repression and immediate emotional repression at that time formed his artistic and ideological motivation to write Moonlight on the Lotus Pond. If it is purely emotional embellishment, it can be explained emotionally, but it is not smooth intellectually. In addition, the author thinks that Zhu Ziqing's suppression of sexual desire is bound by "moral law" and regards swimming in the river (referring to Qinhuai River under the shadow of oars and lights) as an unsuccessful emotional release process. Finally, the author concludes that "the theme we feel is still a deep regret that our wish cannot be realized", which is not only a summary of "Paddle Shadow Qinhuai River", but also an overview of the idea of "Moonlight on the Lotus Pond".